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Ecuador vs Slovakia

On research quality in 2022-now, Ecuador ranks #55 in the world and Slovakia #56, of 189 countries. Ecuador stands higher in 11 of the 23 fields both publish in, Slovakia in 12.

Research profiles alike: -0.13different shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Ecuador

World rank, 2022-now
#55
#54 all time
Works, 2022-now
65k
fractional
Top-10% rate
8.4%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
79%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Life-span and Life-course Studies, Horticulture.

Slovakia

World rank, 2022-now
#56
#53 all time
Works, 2022-now
33k
fractional
Top-10% rate
8.0%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
46%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Life-span and Life-course Studies, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, General Materials Science.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Ecuador leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate, open access and growth. Slovakia leads on 2 of 9 measures: citations per work and international co-authorship. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Ecuador 61 level2 Slovakia
  1. #55Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#56
  2. 0.74×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.69×
  3. 65kOutputfractional works, 2022-now33k
  4. 8.4%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited8.0%
  5. 3.4Citations per workall time, per fractional work12.2
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 79%Open accessof its works free to read, all time46%
  8. 21%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time30%
  9. +59%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change-4%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Ecuador stands higher in 11 of 23 fields, Slovakia in 12. Slovakia leads most in Materials Science (#45 against #72); Ecuador leads most in Health Professions (#38 against #64). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Ecuador 1112 Slovakia
  1. #55Agricultural and Biological Sciences#56
  2. #50Arts and Humanities#48
  3. #64Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#50
  4. #50Business, Management and Accounting#51
  5. -Chemistry#44
  6. #48Computer Science#57
  7. #57Decision Sciences#53
  8. #42Dentistry-
  9. #65Earth and Planetary Sciences#52
  10. #36Economics, Econometrics and Finance#50
  11. #46Energy#55
  12. #61Engineering#52
  13. #57Environmental Science#67
  14. #38Health Professions#64
  15. #52Immunology and Microbiology#45
  16. #72Materials Science#45
  17. #68Mathematics#49
  18. #72Medicine#48
  19. #49Neuroscience#48
  20. #54Nursing-
  21. #58Physics and Astronomy#55
  22. #50Psychology#63
  23. #43Social Sciences#57

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Ecuador rankSlovakia rank Ecuador top 10%Slovakia top 10% Ecuador worksSlovakia works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #55 #56 7.5% 8.9% 4.2k 1.9k
Arts and Humanities #50 #48 9.4% 8.1% 1k 1.2k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #64 #50 5.8% 7.3% 1.1k 1.4k
Business, Management and Accounting #50 #51 10.4% 10.9% 3.8k 1.2k
Chemistry - #44 - 6.0% - 535
Computer Science #48 #57 8.8% 7.8% 5.9k 2.5k
Decision Sciences #57 #53 6.7% 8.5% 282 417
Dentistry #42 - 2.1% - 788 -
Earth and Planetary Sciences #65 #52 5.4% 6.3% 395 636
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #36 #50 10.5% 10.6% 4.8k 1.1k
Energy #46 #55 10.0% 7.8% 598 231
Engineering #61 #52 5.6% 6.4% 3.6k 6.1k
Environmental Science #57 #67 8.0% 7.5% 3.4k 2.2k
Health Professions #38 #64 6.8% 9.0% 4.4k 514
Immunology and Microbiology #52 #45 5.4% 7.9% 386 247
Materials Science #72 #45 7.2% 6.4% 347 1.3k
Mathematics #68 #49 7.3% 9.1% 219 425
Medicine #72 #48 3.8% 8.6% 8.5k 3.7k
Neuroscience #49 #48 5.2% 6.7% 385 416
Nursing #54 - 3.3% - 269 -
Physics and Astronomy #58 #55 5.4% 4.9% 200 872
Psychology #50 #63 8.0% 7.7% 3.2k 931
Social Sciences #43 #57 11.7% 9.7% 16k 4.3k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Ecuador

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Education9,461▲ 7.3×130 topics
  2. Small and Medium Enterprises5,412▲ 40×9 topics
  3. Digital Marketing5,405▲ 18×6 topics
  4. Innovation5,392▲ 6.9×75 topics
  5. Social Responsibility4,765▲ 27×11 topics
  6. Innovation Ecosystems4,591▲ 60×4 topics
  7. Globalization4,481▲ 3.0×149 topics
  8. Urban Development4,473▲ 17×18 topics
  9. Economic Impact4,467▲ 11×13 topics
  10. Globalization Effects4,443▲ 85×3 topics
  11. Tourism Management4,357▲ 83×2 topics
  12. City Branding4,355▲ 93×1 topic
  13. Psychopharmacology Education4,355▲ 93×1 topic
  14. Sustainability4,240▲ 2.3×119 topics
  15. Competitiveness4,214▲ 70×6 topics
  16. E-Learning4,007▲ 5.5×23 topics
  17. Educational Technology3,767▲ 4.2×44 topics
  18. COVID-193,624▲ 3.7×34 topics
  19. Knowledge Management3,605▲ 8.6×38 topics
  20. Public Health3,496▲ 3.2×73 topics
  21. Pedagogy3,380▲ 8.9×25 topics
  22. Health Promotion3,330▲ 14×17 topics
  23. Teacher Training3,107▲ 6.7×27 topics
  24. Inclusive Education3,012▲ 11×18 topics
  25. Human Rights2,977▲ 3.9×71 topics
  26. Distance Learning2,885▲ 11×13 topics
  27. Social Impact2,550▲ 8.6×24 topics
  28. Nutrition2,545▲ 7.6×17 topics
  29. Organizational Culture2,456▲ 8.4×16 topics
  30. Digital Divide2,405▲ 12×8 topics
  31. Online Education2,394▲ 16×7 topics
  32. Digital Competence2,368▲ 36×4 topics
  33. ICT2,345▲ 23×5 topics
  34. Virtual Teaching2,320▲ 57×1 topic
  35. Technology2,249▲ 5.7×40 topics
  36. University Students2,039▲ 48×2 topics
  37. Research1,884▲ 20×11 topics
  38. Communication1,828▲ 7.7×23 topics
  39. Educational Interventions1,766▲ 25×3 topics
  40. Occupational Health1,725▲ 20×8 topics

Slovakia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainability1,583▲ 1.73×133 topics
  2. Climate Change1,484▲ 1.46×128 topics
  3. Sustainable Development1,086▲ 1.85×110 topics
  4. Machine Learning1,048▼ 0.84×97 topics
  5. Epidemiology931▼ 0.62×138 topics
  6. Deep Learning899▼ 0.70×85 topics
  7. Globalization868▲ 1.18×171 topics
  8. Environmental Impact776▲ 1.21×73 topics
  9. Mechanical Properties767▲ 2.1×39 topics
  10. Artificial Intelligence739▲ 1.39×66 topics
  11. Renewable Energy686▲ 1.27×61 topics
  12. Innovation683▲ 1.77×87 topics
  13. Education666◆ 1.03×144 topics
  14. Energy Efficiency661▲ 1.91×45 topics
  15. Remote Sensing566▲ 1.24×41 topics
  16. Human Rights562▲ 1.47×85 topics
  17. Biodiversity559▲ 1.96×38 topics
  18. Economic Development540▲ 1.80×55 topics
  19. Big Data519▲ 1.45×37 topics
  20. Supply Chain Management495▲ 1.47×27 topics
  21. Internet of Things483▲ 1.51×33 topics
  22. Invasive Species428▲ 2.7×21 topics
  23. Environmental Management421▲ 2.8×22 topics
  24. Microstructure412▲ 2.1×19 topics
  25. Ethics385▲ 2.0×57 topics
  26. Simulation373▲ 3.9×18 topics
  27. Cyber-Physical Systems366▲ 3.7×9 topics
  28. Supply Chain312▲ 4.1×12 topics
  29. Digitalization309▲ 4.0×16 topics
  30. European Union289▲ 3.5×26 topics
  31. Digital Education279▲ 5.0×7 topics
  32. Logistics277▲ 4.8×10 topics
  33. Media264▲ 4.7×17 topics
  34. School Climate236▲ 13×3 topics
  35. Financial Security234▲ 5.9×3 topics
  36. Learning Environments228▲ 21×3 topics
  37. Student Attitudes222▲ 5.9×2 topics
  38. Educational Methods221▲ 104×1 topic
  39. Pedagogical Research221▲ 104×1 topic
  40. Human Resource201▲ 22×3 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Ecuador has out-published Slovakia every year since 2017, when it overtook it.

still counting10k20k30kEcuador21k in 2025Slovakia8,800 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.20%0.40%Ecuador0.36% in 2025Slovakia0.15% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%Ecuador9.7% in 2025Slovakia7.9% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Ecuador 03 level2 Slovakia
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0001
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#49

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Ecuador or Slovakia?

Ecuador publishes 2.0× as much research as Slovakia in 2022-now (65k against 33k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Ecuador or Slovakia?

8.4% of Ecuador's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 8.0% for Slovakia.

Is Ecuador or Slovakia growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +59% against 2018-21 for Ecuador, and -4% for Slovakia.

Which has more open access research, Ecuador or Slovakia?

79% of Ecuador's research is free to read, against 46% of Slovakia's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Ecuador or Slovakia?

Ecuador holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Slovakia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 1.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Ecuador

  1. 1Universidad Católica de Cuenca6.6% top 10% · 4.1k works
  2. 2Universidad Técnica de Manabí9.1% top 10% · 3k works
  3. 3Universidad Estatal de Milagro10.0% top 10% · 2.3k works
  4. 4University of Guayaquil7.6% top 10% · 3.4k works
  5. 5Universidad Tecnica de Machala9.9% top 10% · 1.8k works
  6. 6Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabi6.2% top 10% · 1.7k works

Slovakia

  1. 1Slovak Academy of Sciences7.7% top 10% · 8.4k works
  2. 2Comenius University Bratislava9.8% top 10% · 4k works
  3. 3Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra11.2% top 10% · 800 works
  4. 4Technical University of Košice7.1% top 10% · 3k works
  5. 5University of Žilina9.6% top 10% · 2.4k works
  6. 6Matej Bel University7.1% top 10% · 737 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Ecuador

  1. 1 Augusto Paolo Bernal Párraga #3,437 worldwide 2.1k citations · 77 works
  2. 2 Rafael Alvarado #8,280 worldwide 9.9k citations · 183 works
  3. 3 David Neill #17,836 worldwide 21k citations · 193 works
  4. 4 Renato Valencia #29,585 worldwide 16k citations · 186 works
  5. 5 César Iván Casanova-Villalba #45,087 worldwide 1.1k citations · 72 works

Slovakia

  1. 1 Marek Majdán #18,656 worldwide 132k citations · 247 works
  2. 2 P. Strmeň #43,782 worldwide 21k citations · 304 works
  3. 3 Frantíšek Máliš #78,042 worldwide 4.2k citations · 92 works
  4. 4 B. Sitár #105,002 worldwide 12k citations · 110 works
  5. 5 Beáta Gavurová #106,962 worldwide 7.5k citations · 416 works