Maldives vs Rwanda
On research quality in 2022-now, Rwanda ranks #69 in the world and the Maldives #123, of 189 countries. The Maldives stands higher in 0 of the 7 fields both publish in, Rwanda in 7.
Research profiles alike: 0.59similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Maldives
- World rank, 2022-now
- #123
- #108 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 791
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 11.2%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 54%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Research and Theory, Nature and Landscape Conservation.
Rwanda
- World rank, 2022-now
- #69
- #72 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 4.6k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 10.2%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 73%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Chemical Health and Safety, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Developmental Biology.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Rwanda leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, output, open access and growth. The Maldives leads on 3 of 9 measures: top-10% rate, citations per work and international co-authorship. The two are level on excellence for its fields and institutions in the world top 100.
- #123Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#69
- 0.98×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.99×
- 791Outputfractional works, 2022-now4.6k
- 11.2%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited10.2%
- 16.9Citations per workall time, per fractional work8.2
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 54%Open accessof its works free to read, all time73%
- 62%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time57%
- +99%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+111%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Maldives stands higher in 0 of 7 fields, Rwanda in 7. Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- -Agricultural and Biological Sciences#68
- -Business, Management and Accounting#78
- -Computer Science#75
- -Engineering#81
- -Environmental Science#56
- -Medicine#56
- -Social Sciences#70
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Maldives rank | Rwanda rank | Maldives top 10% | Rwanda top 10% | Maldives works | Rwanda works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | - | #68 | - | 13.9% | - | 263 |
| Business, Management and Accounting | - | #78 | - | 5.4% | - | 221 |
| Computer Science | - | #75 | - | 9.3% | - | 301 |
| Engineering | - | #81 | - | 8.8% | - | 331 |
| Environmental Science | - | #56 | - | 9.0% | - | 374 |
| Medicine | - | #56 | - | 10.4% | - | 890 |
| Social Sciences | - | #70 | - | 11.6% | - | 799 |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Maldives
- Reinforced Polymers
- Composites
- Marine Biodiversity
- Fisheries
- Coastal Protection
- Aquaculture
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Genetic Diversity
- Leadership
- Coral Reefs
- Population Dynamics
- Biodiversity
- Nanomaterials
- Nanocomposites
- Marine Ecosystems
- Conservation
- Biomedical Applications
- Sustainability
- Environmental Impact
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Machine Learning
- Deep Learning
- Nanoparticles
- Oxidative Stress
- Ocean Acidification
- Artificial Intelligence
- Gene Expression
- Depression
- Vaccine
- Bleaching
- Pathogenesis
- Immune Response
- Vulnerability
- Organizational Performance
- Sea-Level Rise
- DNA Barcoding
- Benthic Communities
- Biodegradable
- Natural Fibers
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Climate Change58▲ 2.2×70 topics
- Epidemiology57▲ 1.46×104 topics
- Machine Learning33◆ 1.01×55 topics
- Environmental Impact29▲ 1.74×46 topics
- Deep Learning27▼ 0.79×54 topics
- Sustainability25◆ 1.05×51 topics
- Nanoparticles24▲ 1.93×34 topics
- Biomedical Applications21▲ 1.86×31 topics
- Oxidative Stress20▲ 1.27×39 topics
- Conservation19▲ 4.6×16 topics
- Ocean Acidification18▲ 24×3 topics
- Marine Ecosystems17▲ 32×2 topics
- Artificial Intelligence17▲ 1.23×29 topics
- Nanocomposites16▲ 2.0×17 topics
- Gene Expression15▲ 2.5×17 topics
- Nanomaterials15▲ 1.48×15 topics
- Depression14▲ 1.65×17 topics
- Biodiversity13▲ 1.79×22 topics
- Vaccine13▲ 3.4×11 topics
- Population Dynamics13▲ 5.2×8 topics
- Bleaching13▲ 40×1 topic
- Coral Reefs13▲ 40×1 topic
- Pathogenesis13▲ 2.5×21 topics
- Leadership12▲ 2.5×12 topics
- Immune Response12▲ 2.2×19 topics
- Genetic Diversity12▲ 2.8×17 topics
- Vulnerability10▲ 4.5×6 topics
- Reactive Oxygen Species10▲ 2.5×11 topics
- Organizational Performance10▲ 3.9×10 topics
- Aquaculture9▲ 3.7×8 topics
- Sea-Level Rise9▲ 8.0×5 topics
- Coastal Protection8▲ 12×2 topics
- DNA Barcoding8▲ 4.4×9 topics
- Fisheries7▲ 15×3 topics
- Benthic Communities6▲ 10×2 topics
- Marine Biodiversity6▲ 10×2 topics
- Biodegradable6▲ 8.4×2 topics
- Composites6▲ 7.9×2 topics
- Natural Fibers6▲ 8.6×1 topic
- Reinforced Polymers6▲ 11×1 topic
Rwanda
- Surgical Care
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
- Global Health
- Technology Integration
- Student Engagement
- Ethical Considerations
- Higher Education
- Health Systems
- Socio-economic Factors
- Risk Management
- Rwanda
- Middle East
- Risk Factors
- Politics
- Supply Chain Management
- Globalization
- Public Health
- Education
- Sustainability
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Machine Learning
- Deep Learning
- Environmental Impact
- Educational Technology
- Remote Sensing
- Genocide
- Maternal Mortality
- Media
- Qatar
- Community Health Workers
- Health Inequalities
- Child Mortality
- Teaching Strategies
- Child Development
- Global Burden of Disease
- Medical Education
- Vaccine
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Poverty Reduction
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Climate Change299▲ 1.99×104 topics
- Epidemiology291▲ 1.32×127 topics
- Machine Learning221▲ 1.20×84 topics
- Sustainability200▲ 1.48×92 topics
- Deep Learning169◆ 0.88×79 topics
- Education164▲ 1.73×70 topics
- Environmental Impact144▲ 1.53×58 topics
- Public Health141▲ 1.75×56 topics
- Educational Technology133▲ 2.0×30 topics
- Globalization129▲ 1.19×75 topics
- Remote Sensing123▲ 1.82×40 topics
- Supply Chain Management122▲ 2.5×21 topics
- Genocide120▲ 41×3 topics
- Politics114▲ 7.9×12 topics
- Maternal Mortality108▲ 8.7×5 topics
- Risk Factors106▲ 1.74×35 topics
- Media105▲ 13×5 topics
- Middle East105▲ 31×2 topics
- Qatar104▲ 104×1 topic
- Rwanda104▲ 104×1 topic
- Community Health Workers100▲ 20×2 topics
- Risk Management94▲ 3.6×14 topics
- Health Inequalities92▲ 14×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors89▲ 14×3 topics
- Child Mortality89▲ 22×1 topic
- Health Systems89▲ 22×1 topic
- Teaching Strategies84▲ 5.4×5 topics
- Higher Education82▲ 2.8×22 topics
- Child Development82▲ 3.6×8 topics
- Ethical Considerations75▲ 3.9×15 topics
- Global Burden of Disease75▲ 5.5×4 topics
- Student Engagement74▲ 3.4×16 topics
- Medical Education71▲ 4.8×11 topics
- Technology Integration70▲ 4.0×10 topics
- Vaccine69▲ 3.1×11 topics
- Global Health68▲ 7.9×7 topics
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition63▲ 14×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene63▲ 14×1 topic
- Poverty Reduction60▲ 8.4×5 topics
- Surgical Care46▲ 15×2 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Rwanda has out-published the Maldives every year since 1980.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Maldives or Rwanda?
Rwanda publishes 5.8× as much research as the Maldives in 2022-now (4.6k against 791 fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Maldives or Rwanda?
11.2% of the Maldives's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 10.2% for Rwanda.
Is Maldives or Rwanda growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +111% against 2018-21 for Rwanda, and +99% for the Maldives.
Which has more open access research, Maldives or Rwanda?
73% of Rwanda's research is free to read, against 54% of the Maldives's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Maldives or Rwanda?
The Maldives holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Rwanda 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Maldives
- 1Maldives National University8.8% top 10% · 363 works
- 2Ministry of Education17.9% top 10% · 230 works
- 3Marine Research Centre11.1% top 10% · 80 works
Rwanda
- 1University of Rwanda11.0% top 10% · 1.6k works
- 2University of Kigali6.7% top 10% · 612 works
- 3Ministry of Natural Resources12.5% top 10% · 458 works
- 4Rwanda Biomedical Center13.9% top 10% · 207 works
- 5University of Global Health Equity13.5% top 10% · 218 works
- 6Ministry of Education12.9% top 10% · 231 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Maldives
- 1 Saravanakumar Sengottaiyan #218,079 worldwide 444 citations · 29 works
- 2 Mariyam Shareefa #295,471 worldwide 394 citations · 30 works
- 3 Visal Moosa #567,072 worldwide 331 citations · 34 works
- 4 Jenish Iyyadurai #1,038,039 worldwide 462 citations · 21 works
- 5 I. Jenish #1,301,638 worldwide 520 citations · 19 works
Rwanda
- 1 Corine Karema #100,026 worldwide 84k citations · 83 works
- 2 Claude Mambo Muvunyi #103,506 worldwide 4.7k citations · 224 works
- 3 Agnès Binagwaho #112,520 worldwide 24k citations · 297 works
- 4 Ainhoa Costas‐Chavarri #144,195 worldwide 4.1k citations · 51 works
- 5 Pierre Gashema #164,832 worldwide 531 citations · 71 works