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Malta vs Paraguay

On research quality in 2022-now, Paraguay ranks #98 in the world and Malta #100, of 189 countries. Malta stands higher in 4 of the 11 fields both publish in, Paraguay in 7.

Research profiles alike: 0.32somewhat alike shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Malta

World rank, 2022-now
#100
#93 all time
Works, 2022-now
4k
fractional
Top-10% rate
8.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
49%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Space and Planetary Science, Medical Terminology, Archeology.

Paraguay

World rank, 2022-now
#98
#127 all time
Works, 2022-now
6k
fractional
Top-10% rate
4.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
74%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Computer Science Applications, General Social Sciences, Pharmacy.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Malta leads on 4 of 9 measures: excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work and international co-authorship. Paraguay leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, output, open access and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Malta 41 level4 Paraguay
  1. #100Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#98
  2. 0.79×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.66×
  3. 4kOutputfractional works, 2022-now6k
  4. 8.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited4.7%
  5. 12.7Citations per workall time, per fractional work4.0
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 49%Open accessof its works free to read, all time74%
  8. 30%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time29%
  9. +11%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+21%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Malta stands higher in 4 of 11 fields, Paraguay in 7. Paraguay leads most in Medicine (#81 against #103); Malta leads most in Computer Science (#85 against #119). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Malta 47 Paraguay
  1. -Agricultural and Biological Sciences#111
  2. #58Arts and Humanities-
  3. -Business, Management and Accounting#100
  4. #85Computer Science#119
  5. -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#100
  6. #88Engineering#122
  7. -Environmental Science#103
  8. -Health Professions#86
  9. #103Medicine#81
  10. #76Psychology#80
  11. #116Social Sciences#102

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Malta rankParaguay rank Malta top 10%Paraguay top 10% Malta worksParaguay works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences - #111 - 3.3% - 420
Arts and Humanities #58 - 12.8% - 234 -
Business, Management and Accounting - #100 - 6.8% - 219
Computer Science #85 #119 8.0% 5.0% 348 351
Economics, Econometrics and Finance - #100 - 3.9% - 267
Engineering #88 #122 8.8% 2.6% 420 235
Environmental Science - #103 - 4.6% - 311
Health Professions - #86 - 6.0% - 442
Medicine #103 #81 6.4% 3.4% 861 1.2k
Psychology #76 #80 8.7% 4.4% 232 231
Social Sciences #116 #102 9.9% 6.2% 632 1.6k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Malta

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology204◆ 1.15×128 topics
  2. Globalization151▲ 1.72×97 topics
  3. Sustainability144▲ 1.32×79 topics
  4. Machine Learning136◆ 0.91×83 topics
  5. Deep Learning123▼ 0.80×73 topics
  6. Climate Change117◆ 0.96×96 topics
  7. Mental Health102▲ 1.59×41 topics
  8. Quality of Life100▲ 1.55×56 topics
  9. Education87◆ 1.13×81 topics
  10. Public Health80▲ 1.24×59 topics
  11. Artificial Intelligence79▲ 1.24×46 topics
  12. Renewable Energy79▲ 1.22×43 topics
  13. COVID-1970▲ 1.21×28 topics
  14. Healthcare70▲ 1.37×31 topics
  15. Risk Factors69▲ 1.41×36 topics
  16. Treatment68▲ 1.25×49 topics
  17. Cardiovascular Disease64▲ 1.25×38 topics
  18. Resilience64▲ 2.9×17 topics
  19. Big Data58▲ 1.35×27 topics
  20. Depression58▲ 1.46×25 topics
  21. Identity51▲ 1.59×46 topics
  22. Governance48▲ 3.3×14 topics
  23. Cultural Heritage48▲ 2.0×24 topics
  24. Vulnerability47▲ 4.6×7 topics
  25. Student Engagement46▲ 2.6×13 topics
  26. Ethics45▲ 2.0×39 topics
  27. Social Interaction42▲ 2.4×10 topics
  28. Prevention40▲ 2.1×15 topics
  29. Technology Integration35▲ 2.5×10 topics
  30. Reflective Practice34▲ 4.0×7 topics
  31. Mediterranean34▲ 8.4×6 topics
  32. Decolonization32▲ 8.9×5 topics
  33. European Union32▲ 3.2×17 topics
  34. Academic Achievement30▲ 4.0×10 topics
  35. Pacific30▲ 35×2 topics
  36. Islands29▲ 58×1 topic
  37. Small States29▲ 58×1 topic
  38. Holocene27▲ 5.3×3 topics
  39. Maritime Archaeology23▲ 28×1 topic
  40. Sea-Level Change23▲ 28×1 topic

Paraguay

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology631▲ 2.3×135 topics
  2. Education529▲ 4.5×82 topics
  3. Public Health445▲ 4.5×63 topics
  4. Teacher Training396▲ 9.4×20 topics
  5. Innovation333▲ 4.7×46 topics
  6. Sustainability320▲ 1.91×84 topics
  7. Globalization310▲ 2.3×92 topics
  8. Educational Technology286▲ 3.5×35 topics
  9. Health Promotion274▲ 13×17 topics
  10. COVID-19266▲ 3.0×28 topics
  11. Small and Medium Enterprises261▲ 22×7 topics
  12. Digital Marketing258▲ 9.7×5 topics
  13. E-Learning256▲ 3.9×18 topics
  14. Mental Health250▲ 2.5×43 topics
  15. Distance Learning244▲ 10×9 topics
  16. Qualitative Research235▲ 4.0×26 topics
  17. Social Responsibility234▲ 15×7 topics
  18. Risk Factors231▲ 3.1×36 topics
  19. Economic Impact223▲ 6.1×9 topics
  20. Urban Development222▲ 9.2×12 topics
  21. Competitiveness222▲ 41×6 topics
  22. Knowledge Management221▲ 5.8×24 topics
  23. Inclusive Education220▲ 8.9×15 topics
  24. Innovation Ecosystems208▲ 30×2 topics
  25. Nutrition206▲ 6.8×14 topics
  26. Globalization Effects195▲ 41×2 topics
  27. Public Policy195▲ 6.0×18 topics
  28. Tourism Management194▲ 41×2 topics
  29. City Branding193▲ 45×1 topic
  30. Psychopharmacology Education193▲ 45×1 topic
  31. Pedagogy189▲ 5.5×16 topics
  32. Social Inequality182▲ 9.9×13 topics
  33. Social Impact180▲ 6.7×16 topics
  34. Healthcare Access178▲ 9.5×12 topics
  35. Curriculum Development177▲ 3.8×13 topics
  36. University Students154▲ 40×2 topics
  37. Organizational Culture147▲ 5.6×12 topics
  38. Latin America145▲ 11×22 topics
  39. Chronic Diseases143▲ 8.2×8 topics
  40. Educational Interventions132▲ 21×3 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Paraguay has out-published Malta every year since 2015, when it overtook it.

still counting1k2kParaguay1,700 in 2025Malta1,053 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.010%0.020%0.030%Paraguay0.029% in 2025Malta0.018% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Malta9.8% in 2025Paraguay5.0% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Malta 05 level0 Paraguay
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Malta or Paraguay?

Paraguay publishes 1.5× as much research as Malta in 2022-now (6k against 4k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Malta or Paraguay?

8.7% of Malta's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 4.7% for Paraguay.

Is Malta or Paraguay growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +21% against 2018-21 for Paraguay, and +11% for Malta.

Which has more open access research, Malta or Paraguay?

74% of Paraguay's research is free to read, against 49% of Malta's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Malta or Paraguay?

Malta holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Paraguay 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Malta

  1. 1University of Malta9.1% top 10% · 3.1k works
  2. 2Malta College of Arts, Science and Technology6.7% top 10% · 277 works
  3. 3Primary HealthCare7.1% top 10% · 228 works
  4. 4Middlesex University8.5% top 10% · 131 works
  5. 5Heritage Malta7.7% top 10% · 72 works

Paraguay

  1. 1Universidad Nacional de Asunción3.2% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2Universidad Columbia del Paraguay2.7% top 10% · 405 works
  3. 3Universidad Nacional de Pilar5.4% top 10% · 403 works
  4. 4Universidad Americana5.7% top 10% · 289 works
  5. 5Universidad del Norte5.7% top 10% · 267 works
  6. 6Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción2.9% top 10% · 236 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Malta

  1. 1 Mark Anthony Camilleri #68,033 worldwide 8.5k citations · 317 works
  2. 2 Miriam Gatt #75,716 worldwide 7k citations · 183 works
  3. 3 Mario V. Balzan #90,041 worldwide 4.2k citations · 91 works
  4. 4 Mark Mifsud #94,117 worldwide 3.4k citations · 56 works
  5. 5 Josette Camilleri #99,365 worldwide 13k citations · 232 works

Paraguay

  1. 1 Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse #195,631 worldwide 6.6k citations · 62 works
  2. 2 Antonio L. Cubilla #205,334 worldwide 15k citations · 209 works
  3. 3 Carlos Rigor Neves #356,442 worldwide 127 citations · 46 works
  4. 4 Jeffrey J. Thompson #362,725 worldwide 1.6k citations · 68 works
  5. 5 Gabriel Ignacio Parra #400,046 worldwide 4.9k citations · 114 works