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Paraguay vs Peru

On research quality in 2022-now, Peru ranks #53 in the world and Paraguay #98, of 189 countries. Paraguay stands higher in 0 of the 21 fields both publish in, Peru in 21.

Research profiles alike: 0.88very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Paraguay

World rank, 2022-now
#98
#127 all time
Works, 2022-now
6k
fractional
Top-10% rate
4.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
74%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Computer Science Applications, General Social Sciences, Pharmacy.

Peru

World rank, 2022-now
#53
#44 all time
Works, 2022-now
54k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.2%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
78%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Horticulture, Computer Science Applications, General Social Sciences.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Peru leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, output, top-10% rate, citations per work, open access and growth. Paraguay leads on 1 of 9 measures: international co-authorship. The two are level on excellence for its fields and institutions in the world top 100.

Paraguay 12 level6 Peru
  1. #98Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#53
  2. 0.66×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.65×
  3. 6kOutputfractional works, 2022-now54k
  4. 4.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.2%
  5. 4.0Citations per workall time, per fractional work4.2
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 74%Open accessof its works free to read, all time78%
  8. 29%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time19%
  9. +21%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+35%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Paraguay stands higher in 0 of 21 fields, Peru in 21. Peru leads most in Economics, Econometrics and Finance (#38 against #100). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Paraguay 021 Peru
  1. #111Agricultural and Biological Sciences#41
  2. -Arts and Humanities#46
  3. -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#66
  4. #100Business, Management and Accounting#39
  5. #119Computer Science#59
  6. -Decision Sciences#44
  7. -Dentistry#40
  8. -Earth and Planetary Sciences#50
  9. #100Economics, Econometrics and Finance#38
  10. -Energy#62
  11. #122Engineering#65
  12. #103Environmental Science#61
  13. #86Health Professions#37
  14. -Immunology and Microbiology#46
  15. -Materials Science#78
  16. -Mathematics#70
  17. #81Medicine#46
  18. -Neuroscience#55
  19. -Nursing#45
  20. #80Psychology#40
  21. #102Social Sciences#40

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Paraguay rankPeru rank Paraguay top 10%Peru top 10% Paraguay worksPeru works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #111 #41 3.3% 6.7% 420 3.8k
Arts and Humanities - #46 - 8.0% - 2k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - #66 - 4.3% - 1k
Business, Management and Accounting #100 #39 6.8% 9.3% 219 3.4k
Computer Science #119 #59 5.0% 7.0% 351 4.5k
Decision Sciences - #44 - 8.4% - 441
Dentistry - #40 - 3.1% - 553
Earth and Planetary Sciences - #50 - 4.2% - 532
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #100 #38 3.9% 9.0% 267 3k
Energy - #62 - 5.4% - 413
Engineering #122 #65 2.6% 3.8% 235 3k
Environmental Science #103 #61 4.6% 6.1% 311 3.7k
Health Professions #86 #37 6.0% 7.5% 442 2.9k
Immunology and Microbiology - #46 - 5.5% - 342
Materials Science - #78 - 4.1% - 324
Mathematics - #70 - 6.2% - 264
Medicine #81 #46 3.4% 4.9% 1.2k 6.6k
Neuroscience - #55 - 4.2% - 291
Nursing - #45 - 4.2% - 247
Psychology #80 #40 4.4% 7.4% 231 2.7k
Social Sciences #102 #40 6.2% 9.5% 1.6k 14k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Paraguay

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology631▲ 2.3×135 topics
  2. Education529▲ 4.5×82 topics
  3. Public Health445▲ 4.5×63 topics
  4. Teacher Training396▲ 9.4×20 topics
  5. Innovation333▲ 4.7×46 topics
  6. Sustainability320▲ 1.91×84 topics
  7. Globalization310▲ 2.3×92 topics
  8. Educational Technology286▲ 3.5×35 topics
  9. Health Promotion274▲ 13×17 topics
  10. COVID-19266▲ 3.0×28 topics
  11. Small and Medium Enterprises261▲ 22×7 topics
  12. Digital Marketing258▲ 9.7×5 topics
  13. E-Learning256▲ 3.9×18 topics
  14. Mental Health250▲ 2.5×43 topics
  15. Distance Learning244▲ 10×9 topics
  16. Qualitative Research235▲ 4.0×26 topics
  17. Social Responsibility234▲ 15×7 topics
  18. Risk Factors231▲ 3.1×36 topics
  19. Economic Impact223▲ 6.1×9 topics
  20. Urban Development222▲ 9.2×12 topics
  21. Competitiveness222▲ 41×6 topics
  22. Knowledge Management221▲ 5.8×24 topics
  23. Inclusive Education220▲ 8.9×15 topics
  24. Innovation Ecosystems208▲ 30×2 topics
  25. Nutrition206▲ 6.8×14 topics
  26. Globalization Effects195▲ 41×2 topics
  27. Public Policy195▲ 6.0×18 topics
  28. Tourism Management194▲ 41×2 topics
  29. City Branding193▲ 45×1 topic
  30. Psychopharmacology Education193▲ 45×1 topic
  31. Pedagogy189▲ 5.5×16 topics
  32. Social Inequality182▲ 9.9×13 topics
  33. Social Impact180▲ 6.7×16 topics
  34. Healthcare Access178▲ 9.5×12 topics
  35. Curriculum Development177▲ 3.8×13 topics
  36. University Students154▲ 40×2 topics
  37. Organizational Culture147▲ 5.6×12 topics
  38. Latin America145▲ 11×22 topics
  39. Chronic Diseases143▲ 8.2×8 topics
  40. Educational Interventions132▲ 21×3 topics

Peru

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Education6,030▲ 5.7×138 topics
  2. Sustainability3,629▲ 2.4×118 topics
  3. Innovation3,591▲ 5.7×82 topics
  4. Globalization3,303▲ 2.7×158 topics
  5. Small and Medium Enterprises3,036▲ 28×9 topics
  6. Digital Marketing3,015▲ 13×6 topics
  7. COVID-192,806▲ 3.5×31 topics
  8. Social Responsibility2,602▲ 18×12 topics
  9. Public Health2,593▲ 2.9×74 topics
  10. E-Learning2,578▲ 4.4×25 topics
  11. Innovation Ecosystems2,516▲ 40×4 topics
  12. Knowledge Management2,451▲ 7.2×40 topics
  13. Urban Development2,447▲ 11×19 topics
  14. Competitiveness2,442▲ 50×8 topics
  15. Economic Impact2,432▲ 7.4×12 topics
  16. Globalization Effects2,335▲ 55×3 topics
  17. Tourism Management2,309▲ 54×2 topics
  18. City Branding2,308▲ 61×1 topic
  19. Psychopharmacology Education2,308▲ 61×1 topic
  20. Sustainable Development2,265▲ 2.4×101 topics
  21. Pedagogy2,264▲ 7.4×29 topics
  22. Educational Technology2,072▲ 2.9×44 topics
  23. Teacher Training2,045▲ 5.4×29 topics
  24. Human Rights1,986▲ 3.2×84 topics
  25. Distance Learning1,945▲ 9.1×13 topics
  26. Latin America1,902▲ 16×23 topics
  27. Health Promotion1,893▲ 9.8×17 topics
  28. Organizational Culture1,860▲ 7.9×17 topics
  29. Digital Divide1,632▲ 10×8 topics
  30. Online Education1,589▲ 13×7 topics
  31. ICT1,544▲ 19×5 topics
  32. Digital Competence1,543▲ 29×4 topics
  33. Public Policy1,528▲ 5.3×27 topics
  34. Virtual Teaching1,522▲ 46×1 topic
  35. Nutrition1,492▲ 5.5×19 topics
  36. Student Performance1,275▲ 20×4 topics
  37. Organizational Commitment1,268▲ 11×5 topics
  38. Curriculum Design1,262▲ 30×3 topics
  39. Teacher Development1,258▲ 33×2 topics
  40. Educational Leadership1,253▲ 16×4 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Peru has out-published Paraguay every year since 1980.

still counting5k10k15kPeru14k in 2025Paraguay1,700 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%Peru0.24% in 2025Paraguay0.029% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Peru8.1% in 2025Paraguay5.0% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Paraguay 05 level0 Peru
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Paraguay or Peru?

Peru publishes 9.1× as much research as Paraguay in 2022-now (54k against 6k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Paraguay or Peru?

7.2% of Peru's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 4.7% for Paraguay.

Is Paraguay or Peru growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +35% against 2018-21 for Peru, and +21% for Paraguay.

Which has more open access research, Paraguay or Peru?

78% of Peru's research is free to read, against 74% of Paraguay's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Paraguay or Peru?

Paraguay holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Peru 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Paraguay

  1. 1Universidad Nacional de Asunción3.2% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2Universidad Columbia del Paraguay2.7% top 10% · 405 works
  3. 3Universidad Nacional de Pilar5.4% top 10% · 403 works
  4. 4Universidad Americana5.7% top 10% · 289 works
  5. 5Universidad del Norte5.7% top 10% · 267 works
  6. 6Universidad Católica Nuestra Señora de la Asunción2.9% top 10% · 236 works

Peru

  1. 1Universidad César Vallejo12.0% top 10% · 5.7k works
  2. 2Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú8.2% top 10% · 3.1k works
  3. 3Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia6.2% top 10% · 1.4k works
  4. 4National University of San Marcos5.7% top 10% · 5.2k works
  5. 5Universidad de Lima6.1% top 10% · 1.4k works
  6. 6Universidad Nacional de San Martín8.2% top 10% · 984 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Paraguay

  1. 1 Helmut Alfredo Segovia Lohse #195,631 worldwide 6.6k citations · 62 works
  2. 2 Antonio L. Cubilla #205,334 worldwide 15k citations · 209 works
  3. 3 Carlos Rigor Neves #356,442 worldwide 127 citations · 46 works
  4. 4 Jeffrey J. Thompson #362,725 worldwide 1.6k citations · 68 works
  5. 5 Gabriel Ignacio Parra #400,046 worldwide 4.9k citations · 114 works

Peru

  1. 1 Abel Monteagudo Mendoza #9,966 worldwide 6.2k citations · 101 works
  2. 2 Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado #10,182 worldwide 16k citations · 197 works
  3. 3 Rodolfo Vásquez #14,133 worldwide 16k citations · 148 works
  4. 4 Percy Núñez Vargas #30,849 worldwide 8.3k citations · 55 works
  5. 5 Norma Salinas #37,475 worldwide 9.9k citations · 177 works