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Science in Burundi

Burundi ranks #175 of 189 countries on research quality in 2022-now (#157 all time), with 1.4k research works and 8.9% of them in the world's top 10%.

World rank, 2022-now
#175
of 189 · #157 all time
Works, 2022-now
1.4k
▲ 16% vs 2018-21
Citations
103k
15.1 per fractional work, all time
Top-10% rate
8.9%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
1.01×
1.00× is exactly expected
In the world top 100
0
0 in the top 1,000
Open access
54%
world 40%
International
53%
world 18%

What is Burundi strongest at in science?

On research quality in 2022-now, Burundi ranks highest in Social Sciences (#132 of 148). Relative to its size it is most specialised in Linguistics and Language, History and Philosophy of Science and Horticulture.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll timeInstitutions
Social SciencesField #132 of 148 11.2%376 #147 Institutions

Where its research is concentrated

Location quotient: how much more (or less) of each node it does than its size predicts. Drawn around 1×, where "twice the world share" and "half of it" are the same distance apart in opposite directions. A volume reading, which on a country axis is largely population and industrial structure.

  1. Linguistics and LanguageSubfield · 17.9 works · #99 of 194 active here9.2×
  2. History and Philosophy of ScienceSubfield · 22.9 works · #74 of 187 active here8.8×
  3. HorticultureSubfield · 1.9 works · #99 of 178 active here8.3×
  4. General PsychologySubfield · 1.3 works · #75 of 123 active here7.4×
  5. AnthropologySubfield · 33.6 works · #100 of 213 active here7.1×
  6. Theoretical Computer ScienceSubfield · 1.5 works · #98 of 143 active here5.2×
  7. ForestrySubfield · 9.2 works · #111 of 204 active here5.2×
  8. PhilosophySubfield · 34.4 works · #97 of 208 active here4.7×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

The whole field profile

All 26 fields at once. A specialist and a generalist produce the same ranked list and a completely different shape.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 1.55× its world share, 125 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.46× its world share, 41 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.61× its world share, 10 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 1.12× its world share, 31 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.30× its world share, 2 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.23× its world share, 1 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.65× its world share, 17 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.87× its world share, 114 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 1.14× its world share, 30 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.60× its world share, 9 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.37× its world share, 94 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.92× its world share, 77 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.44× its world share, 26 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 2.95× its world share, 59 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 2.38× its world share, 89 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 0.06× its world share, 0 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 1.08× its world share, 48 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.41× its world share, 132 worksMedicineNursing: 1.29× its world share, 11 worksNursingVeterinary: 0.35× its world share, 1 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 3.81× its world share, 186 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.58× its world share, 32 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 0.69× its world share, 11 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 1.32× its world share, 48 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.23× its world share, 64 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 2.02× its world share, 431 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Arts and Humanities, 3.8×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Arts and Humanities3.81×186 works
  2. Mathematics2.95×59 works
  3. Physics and Astronomy2.38×89 works
  4. Social Sciences2.02×431 works
  5. Agricultural and Biological Sciences1.55×125 works
  6. Economics, Econometrics and Finance1.32×48 works
  7. Nursing1.29×11 works
  8. Psychology1.23×64 works
  9. Earth and Planetary Sciences1.14×30 works
  10. Neuroscience1.12×31 works
  11. Health Professions1.08×48 works
  12. Environmental Science0.92×77 works
  13. Computer Science0.87×114 works
  14. Decision Sciences0.69×11 works
  15. Chemistry0.65×17 works
  16. Immunology and Microbiology0.61×10 works
  17. Energy0.60×9 works
  18. Business, Management and Accounting0.58×32 works
  19. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.46×41 works
  20. Materials Science0.44×26 works
  21. Medicine0.41×132 works
  22. Engineering0.37×94 works
  23. Veterinary0.35×1 works
  24. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.30×2 works
  25. Chemical Engineering0.23×1 works
  26. Dentistry0.06×0 works

Which fields of science does Burundi work in?

In 2022-now, 46% of research in Burundi is in Social Sciences, 31% in Physical Sciences. Its largest fields are Social Sciences (26%), Arts and Humanities (11%), Medicine (8%). It does 1.8× the world's share of Social Sciences.

Social Sciences: 771 fractional works · 45.6% of its workSocial Sciences: 431 fractional works · 25.5% of its workSociology and Political Science: 153 fractional works · 9.1% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 71 fractional works · 4.2% of its workEducation: 63 fractional works · 3.7% of its workAnthropology: 34 fractional works · 2.0% of its workLinguistics and Language: 18 fractional works · 1.1% of its workCultural Studies: 16 fractional works · 0.9% of its workUrban Studies: 15 fractional works · 0.9% of its workSafety Research: 12 fractional works · 0.7% of its workLaw: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workDemography: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeography, Planning and Development: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGender Studies: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workCommunication: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDevelopment: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workArts and Humanities: 186 fractional works · 11.0% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 41 fractional works · 2.4% of its workPhilosophy: 34 fractional works · 2.0% of its workLanguage and Linguistics: 30 fractional works · 1.8% of its workHistory: 25 fractional works · 1.5% of its workHistory and Philosophy of Science: 23 fractional works · 1.4% of its workArcheology: 14 fractional works · 0.8% of its workReligious studies: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workVisual Arts and Performing Arts: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 9 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPsychology: 64 fractional works · 3.8% of its workClinical Psychology: 22 fractional works · 1.3% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 14 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSocial Psychology: 14 fractional works · 0.8% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 48 fractional works · 2.8% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 33 fractional works · 1.9% of its workFinance: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 32 fractional works · 1.9% of its workStrategy and Management: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workManagement Information Systems: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workAccounting: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDecision Sciences: 11 fractional works · 0.7% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysical Sciences: 518 fractional works · 30.7% of its workComputer Science: 114 fractional works · 6.8% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 45 fractional works · 2.7% of its workInformation Systems: 21 fractional works · 1.2% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 13 fractional works · 0.8% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 13 fractional works · 0.8% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 11 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSignal Processing: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEngineering: 94 fractional works · 5.6% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 18 fractional works · 1.0% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 16 fractional works · 1.0% of its workMechanical Engineering: 9 fractional works · 0.5% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 9 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 9 fractional works · 0.5% of its workComputational Mechanics: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOcean Engineering: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMechanics of Materials: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBuilding and Construction: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workAerospace Engineering: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 89 fractional works · 5.3% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 33 fractional works · 1.9% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 18 fractional works · 1.0% of its workAstronomy and Astrophysics: 16 fractional works · 1.0% of its workCondensed Matter Physics: 11 fractional works · 0.6% of its workNuclear and High Energy Physics: 11 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEnvironmental Science: 77 fractional works · 4.6% of its workEcology: 16 fractional works · 0.9% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 13 fractional works · 0.8% of its workWater Science and Technology: 11 fractional works · 0.6% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNature and Landscape Conservation: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPollution: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMathematics: 59 fractional works · 3.5% of its workApplied Mathematics: 12 fractional works · 0.7% of its workMathematical Physics: 12 fractional works · 0.7% of its workStatistics and Probability: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGeometry and Topology: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workModeling and Simulation: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNumerical Analysis: 6 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 30 fractional works · 1.8% of its workGeophysics: 12 fractional works · 0.7% of its workOceanography: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAtmospheric Science: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMaterials Science: 26 fractional works · 1.5% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 16 fractional works · 0.9% of its workPolymers and Plastics: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.3% of its workChemistry: 17 fractional works · 1.0% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEnergy: 9 fractional works · 0.6% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemical Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workLife Sciences: 209 fractional works · 12.4% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 125 fractional works · 7.4% of its workPlant Science: 34 fractional works · 2.0% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 28 fractional works · 1.6% of its workFood Science: 11 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSoil Science: 9 fractional works · 0.5% of its workForestry: 9 fractional works · 0.5% of its workAquatic Science: 7 fractional works · 0.4% of its workInsect Science: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAnimal Science and Zoology: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workAgronomy and Crop Science: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.1% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 41 fractional works · 2.4% of its workMolecular Biology: 24 fractional works · 1.4% of its workGenetics: 6 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCell Biology: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workNeuroscience: 31 fractional works · 1.8% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 25 fractional works · 1.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.3% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workImmunology: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 2 fractional works · 0.1% of its workHealth Sciences: 192 fractional works · 11.3% of its workMedicine: 132 fractional works · 7.8% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 24 fractional works · 1.4% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 14 fractional works · 0.8% of its workEpidemiology: 12 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSurgery: 11 fractional works · 0.6% of its workInfectious Diseases: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 8 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPhysiology: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacology: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 38 fractional works · 2.2% of its workHealth Professions: 48 fractional works · 2.8% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 31 fractional works · 1.8% of its workPhysical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation: 5 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHealth Information Management: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 4 fractional works · 0.2% of its workNursing: 11 fractional works · 0.6% of its workNutrition and Dietetics: 10 fractional works · 0.6% of its workVeterinary: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workDentistry: 1 fractional works · 0.0% of its workALL ITS WORKBurundi1,689fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences12%Physical Sciences31%Health Sciences11%Social Sciences46%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this country does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
    1. Social Sciences43125.5%
    2. Arts and Humanities18611.0%
    3. Psychology643.8%
    4. Economics, Econometrics and Finance482.8%
    5. Business, Management and Accounting321.9%
    6. Decision Sciences110.7%
    1. Computer Science1146.8%
    2. Engineering945.6%
    3. Physics and Astronomy895.3%
    4. Environmental Science774.6%
    5. Mathematics593.5%
    6. Earth and Planetary Sciences301.8%
    7. Materials Science261.5%
    8. Chemistry171.0%
    9. Energy90.6%
    10. Chemical Engineering10.1%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences1257.4%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology412.4%
    3. Neuroscience311.8%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology100.6%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics20.1%
    1. Medicine1327.8%
    2. Health Professions482.8%
    3. Nursing110.6%
    4. Veterinary10.0%
    5. Dentistry10.0%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Which keywords describe research in Burundi?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Social Justice, Globalization, Community Engagement, Territorial Governance, Local Development, Gender, Colonialism and Smallholder Farmers.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this country's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization80▲ 2.4×92 topics
  2. Climate Change79▲ 1.72×89 topics
  3. Sustainability62▲ 1.49×66 topics
  4. Sustainable Development54▲ 2.0×41 topics
  5. Social Justice54▲ 5.3×30 topics
  6. Gender47▲ 5.2×41 topics
  7. Education47▲ 1.60×72 topics
  8. Community Engagement44▲ 8.1×13 topics
  9. Colonialism44▲ 5.5×36 topics
  10. Public Policy42▲ 5.3×16 topics
  11. Territorial Governance41▲ 21×4 topics
  12. History40▲ 3.4×53 topics
  13. Local Development40▲ 23×2 topics
  14. Identity40▲ 3.2×54 topics
  15. Smallholder Farmers36▲ 10×5 topics
  16. Religion35▲ 4.4×27 topics
  17. Citizen Participation31▲ 16×1 topic
  18. Environmental Participation31▲ 26×1 topic
  19. Gender Studies30▲ 12×9 topics
  20. Sociolinguistics30▲ 9.6×8 topics
  21. Ethics28▲ 3.3×31 topics
  22. Social Movements27▲ 5.4×17 topics
  23. Migration26▲ 4.5×17 topics
  24. Democracy26▲ 4.4×14 topics
  25. Agroecology26▲ 11×4 topics
  26. Adaptation25▲ 5.0×11 topics
  27. Diversity24▲ 7.9×8 topics
  28. Multilingualism22▲ 8.2×5 topics
  29. Agricultural Development22▲ 8.5×5 topics
  30. Islam21▲ 6.1×5 topics
  31. Livestock Farming21▲ 21×2 topics
  32. Multifunctionality21▲ 27×2 topics
  33. Work Organization21▲ 32×1 topic
  34. Ethnographic Research21▲ 25×3 topics
  35. Educational Policies20▲ 11×2 topics
  36. Sociological Analysis20▲ 22×2 topics
  37. Professional Practices20▲ 34×1 topic
  38. Public Action20▲ 34×1 topic
  39. Social Change19▲ 9.3×11 topics
  40. Archaeology19▲ 8.7×10 topics

Which research topics does Burundi publish the most in?

Its largest topics in 2022-now are French Urban and Social Studies, Agriculture and Rural Development Research, Education, sociology, and vocational training.

  1. 1 French Urban and Social Studies Sociology and Political Science 31 works
  2. 2 Agriculture and Rural Development Research Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics 21 works
  3. 3 Education, sociology, and vocational training Sociology and Political Science 20 works
  4. 4 Multiculturalism, Politics, Migration, Gender Political Science and International Relations 14 works
  5. 5 Linguistics and Discourse Analysis Philosophy 13 works
  6. 6 Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research Clinical Psychology 13 works
  7. 7 Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis History and Philosophy of Science 12 works
  8. 8 Global Maternal and Child Health Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 11 works
  9. 9 Historical Linguistics and Language Studies Language and Linguistics 10 works
  10. 10 Social Sciences and Governance Urban Studies 9 works
  11. 11 Historical and Literary Studies Anthropology 9 works
  12. 12 Child Nutrition and Water Access Nutrition and Dietetics 9 works

Which universities in Burundi lead research?

Université du Burundi, École Normale Supérieure and Republic of Burundi rank highest in Burundi on research quality in 2022-now.

  1. 1Université du BurundiUniversity · Bujumbura · #8,041 worldwide8.4% top 10% · 302 works
  2. 2École Normale SupérieureUniversity · Bujumbura · #11,563 worldwide9.0% top 10% · 857 works
  3. 3Republic of BurundiGovernment institution · Bujumbura · #17,115 worldwide6.2% top 10% · 72 works

The track on each row is its top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below.

All ranked institutions in Burundi

Who are the top researchers in Burundi?

Ildephonse Sindayigaya, Arnaud Iradukunda and Jacques Nkengurutse rank highest among researchers based in Burundi.

  1. 1 Ildephonse Sindayigaya #134,682 worldwide 331 citations · 35 works
  2. 2 Arnaud Iradukunda #717,202 worldwide 8.5k citations · 29 works
  3. 3 Jacques Nkengurutse #1,125,088 worldwide 177 citations · 33 works
  4. 4 Juma Shabani #1,326,444 worldwide 369 citations · 53 works
  5. 5 Paterne Gahungu #1,535,436 worldwide 86 citations · 29 works
  6. 6 Eric Nduwarugira #1,536,627 worldwide 45 citations · 31 works
  7. 7 Félix Nindorera #1,667,463 worldwide 174 citations · 25 works
  8. 8 Claver Sibomana #1,719,996 worldwide 587 citations · 23 works
  9. 9 Désiré Habonimana #1,784,182 worldwide 556 citations · 35 works
  10. 10 Arcade Ndoricimpa #1,813,855 worldwide 381 citations · 34 works
Top researchers in Burundi

How open and international is Burundi's research?

54% of its research is openly available (world: 40%), and 53% is written with international co-authors (world: 18%).

openly available53.6%not open46.4%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors53.3%domestic only46.7%

World: 18% is written across borders.

In 2022-now, 75% of its research is openly available (world 63%) and 56% is written with co-authors abroad (world 22%). Against what its own mix of topics predicts, that is 1.19× the expected open access and 2.31× the expected international share, which puts it #10 of 173 countries on openness.

How has Burundi's research grown?

Output in 2022-2025 was 16% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Burundi as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0060% in 2024.

still counting0.0050%0.010%Burundi0.0067% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Burundi over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Over the whole record, 9.2% of its 6.8k works since 1950 reached the world top 10% for their field and year.

still counting5%10%15%all institutions10.0% in 2025Burundi7.6% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 12.5% in 2005.

Which countries have research most like Burundi's?

Estonia is Burundi's closest research twin: of all countries, its research is spread across the fields most like Burundi's, with both strong in Arts and Humanities.

  1. 1 EstoniaBoth strong in Arts and Humanities, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Social Sciences 0.72 Compare
  2. 2 TajikistanBoth strong in Mathematics, Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities 0.64 Compare
  3. 3 FranceBoth strong in Arts and Humanities, Physics and Astronomy, Mathematics 0.64 Compare
  4. 4 TurkmenistanBoth strong in Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities, Agricultural and Biological Sciences 0.64 Compare
  5. 5 BahamasBoth strong in Social Sciences, Physics and Astronomy, Arts and Humanities 0.62 Compare

Similarity is the correlation of each side's location quotients across every field it publishes in, on a log scale: 1 is the same shape of research, 0 is unrelated. It ignores size. How it is measured.

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Research fields in Burundi

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