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University · San José · Costa Rica

Universidad Independiente

In research, Universidad Independiente stands highest in Social Sciences (#1,933 of 9,585 worldwide), Social Sciences (#1,597 of 5,988 worldwide) and Health Sciences (#2,897 of 9,902 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Cultural Studies (Cultural Studies is 7.6× its share of world research).

uindependiente.ac.crROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#2,781
of 22,385 · #4,732 all time
Rank in Costa Rica
#2
of 26
Research works
2.1k
▲ 43% vs 2018-21
Citations
2.5k
1.2 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
5.7%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.89×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
91%
world 40%
International
32%
world 18%
Universidad Independiente

What is Universidad Independiente known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Social SciencesDomain #1,933 of 9,585 7.0%463 #2768
Social SciencesField #1,597 of 5,988 8.0%266 #2419
Health SciencesDomain #2,897 of 9,902 2.3%160 #5037
MedicineField #2,818 of 8,541 1.8%120 #4775
Life SciencesDomain #2,714 of 6,403 3.6%85 #4965
Agricultural and Biological SciencesField #1,839 of 3,157 4.3%67 #3214
Physical SciencesDomain #6,461 of 10,670 5.4%133 #9086
Arts and HumanitiesField #1,220 of 1,896 6.0%99 #1867

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Universidad Independiente sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which of those standings moved

The same fields on both windows: where it stood over the whole record, and where it stands in 2022-now. The distance is the story, and it is the one thing the two rank columns above cannot show.

  1. Social Sciences#2,768 #1,933
  2. Social Sciences#2,419 #1,597
  3. Health Sciences#5,037 #2,897
  4. Medicine#4,775 #2,818
  5. Life Sciences#4,965 #2,714
  6. Agricultural and Biological Sciences#3,214 #1,839
  7. Physical Sciences#9,086 #6,461
  8. Arts and Humanities#1,867 #1,220
all time2022-now, better2022-now, worse

A dot further right is a better standing. Fields it was not ranked in over the whole record are left out.

Which fields of science does Universidad Independiente work in?

In 2022-now, 55% of research at Universidad Independiente is in Social Sciences, 18% in Physical Sciences. Its largest fields are Social Sciences (32%), Medicine (13%), Arts and Humanities (11%). It does 2.2× the world's share of Social Sciences.

Social Sciences: 593 fractional works · 55.0% of its workSocial Sciences: 344 fractional works · 32.0% of its workEducation: 79 fractional works · 7.3% of its workSociology and Political Science: 60 fractional works · 5.5% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 37 fractional works · 3.4% of its workCultural Studies: 33 fractional works · 3.1% of its workLaw: 27 fractional works · 2.5% of its workDemography: 18 fractional works · 1.6% of its workGeneral Social Sciences: 17 fractional works · 1.6% of its workSafety Research: 13 fractional works · 1.2% of its workUrban Studies: 13 fractional works · 1.2% of its workCommunication: 11 fractional works · 1.0% of its workGeography, Planning and Development: 7 fractional works · 0.7% of its workAnthropology: 7 fractional works · 0.6% of its workHealth: 7 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGender Studies: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workDevelopment: 5 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 5 fractional works · 0.4% of its workArts and Humanities: 121 fractional works · 11.2% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 28 fractional works · 2.6% of its workArcheology: 19 fractional works · 1.7% of its workVisual Arts and Performing Arts: 16 fractional works · 1.5% of its workHistory: 13 fractional works · 1.2% of its workPhilosophy: 9 fractional works · 0.8% of its workMuseology: 8 fractional works · 0.8% of its workGeneral Arts and Humanities: 7 fractional works · 0.7% of its workLanguage and Linguistics: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workReligious studies: 6 fractional works · 0.5% of its workConservation: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMusic: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPsychology: 49 fractional works · 4.5% of its workSocial Psychology: 21 fractional works · 1.9% of its workClinical Psychology: 11 fractional works · 1.1% of its workNeuropsychology and Physiological Psychology: 8 fractional works · 0.8% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 7 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 37 fractional works · 3.5% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 14 fractional works · 1.3% of its workAccounting: 13 fractional works · 1.2% of its workStrategy and Management: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workManagement Information Systems: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 37 fractional works · 3.4% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 33 fractional works · 3.1% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDecision Sciences: 5 fractional works · 0.5% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysical Sciences: 194 fractional works · 18.0% of its workComputer Science: 75 fractional works · 7.0% of its workInformation Systems: 39 fractional works · 3.6% of its workComputer Science Applications: 20 fractional works · 1.8% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 8 fractional works · 0.7% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 5 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Science: 53 fractional works · 4.9% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 14 fractional works · 1.3% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 13 fractional works · 1.2% of its workEcology: 11 fractional works · 1.1% of its workWater Science and Technology: 7 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 26 fractional works · 2.4% of its workAstronomy and Astrophysics: 13 fractional works · 1.2% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 5 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNuclear and High Energy Physics: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEngineering: 13 fractional works · 1.2% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 11 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 8 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPaleontology: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 5 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnergy: 8 fractional works · 0.7% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 8 fractional works · 0.7% of its workMathematics: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workChemistry: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMaterials Science: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHealth Sciences: 183 fractional works · 17.0% of its workMedicine: 137 fractional works · 12.8% of its workSurgery: 23 fractional works · 2.2% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 18 fractional works · 1.7% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 8 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPhysiology: 7 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEpidemiology: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workDermatology: 5 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 5 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPharmacology: 5 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 5 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 5 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workRheumatology: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNeurology: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workInfectious Diseases: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOncology: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNephrology: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workAnesthesiology and Pain Medicine: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 18 fractional works · 1.7% of its workHealth Professions: 38 fractional works · 3.5% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 22 fractional works · 2.1% of its workOccupational Therapy: 7 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPharmacy: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workDentistry: 6 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOral Surgery: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNursing: 2 fractional works · 0.1% of its workVeterinary: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workLife Sciences: 107 fractional works · 9.9% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 77 fractional works · 7.1% of its workPlant Science: 27 fractional works · 2.5% of its workGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 17 fractional works · 1.5% of its workFood Science: 14 fractional works · 1.3% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 10 fractional works · 0.9% of its workSoil Science: 4 fractional works · 0.3% of its workForestry: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNeuroscience: 16 fractional works · 1.5% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 14 fractional works · 1.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 11 fractional works · 1.0% of its workMolecular Biology: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGenetics: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.2% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKUniversidadIndependiente1,077fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences10%Physical Sciences18%Health Sciences17%Social Sciences55%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 25 fields, with their numbers
    1. Social Sciences34432.0%
    2. Arts and Humanities12111.2%
    3. Psychology494.5%
    4. Business, Management and Accounting373.5%
    5. Economics, Econometrics and Finance373.4%
    6. Decision Sciences50.5%
    1. Computer Science757.0%
    2. Environmental Science534.9%
    3. Physics and Astronomy262.4%
    4. Engineering131.2%
    5. Earth and Planetary Sciences80.8%
    6. Energy80.7%
    7. Mathematics60.6%
    8. Chemistry30.2%
    9. Materials Science20.2%
    1. Medicine13712.8%
    2. Health Professions383.5%
    3. Dentistry60.5%
    4. Nursing20.1%
    5. Veterinary10.1%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences777.1%
    2. Neuroscience161.5%
    3. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology111.0%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology20.2%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics10.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What does Universidad Independiente specialise in?

Where its research is concentrated relative to its size: Cultural Studies takes 7.6× the share of its output that it takes of world research.

  1. Cultural StudiesSubfield · 33.4 works7.6×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient, a volume reading rather than an impact one. It surfaces small, lopsided specialities.

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 1.50× its world share, 77 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.19× its world share, 11 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.18× its world share, 2 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.92× its world share, 16 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.26× its world share, 1 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemistry: 0.15× its world share, 3 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.90× its world share, 75 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.50× its world share, 8 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.81× its world share, 8 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.08× its world share, 13 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 1.00× its world share, 53 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.05× its world share, 2 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.50× its world share, 6 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 1.07× its world share, 26 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 1.08× its world share, 6 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 1.32× its world share, 38 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.66× its world share, 137 worksMedicineNursing: 0.30× its world share, 2 worksNursingVeterinary: 0.49× its world share, 1 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 3.88× its world share, 121 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 1.08× its world share, 37 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 0.47× its world share, 5 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 1.60× its world share, 37 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.49× its world share, 49 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 2.53× its world share, 344 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Arts and Humanities, 3.9×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 25 fields, with their numbers
  1. Arts and Humanities3.88×121 works
  2. Social Sciences2.53×344 works
  3. Economics, Econometrics and Finance1.60×37 works
  4. Agricultural and Biological Sciences1.50×77 works
  5. Psychology1.49×49 works
  6. Health Professions1.32×38 works
  7. Dentistry1.08×6 works
  8. Business, Management and Accounting1.08×37 works
  9. Physics and Astronomy1.07×26 works
  10. Environmental Science1.00×53 works
  11. Neuroscience0.92×16 works
  12. Computer Science0.90×75 works
  13. Energy0.81×8 works
  14. Medicine0.66×137 works
  15. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.50×8 works
  16. Mathematics0.50×6 works
  17. Veterinary0.49×1 works
  18. Decision Sciences0.47×5 works
  19. Nursing0.30×2 works
  20. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.26×1 works
  21. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.19×11 works
  22. Immunology and Microbiology0.18×2 works
  23. Chemistry0.15×3 works
  24. Engineering0.08×13 works
  25. Materials Science0.05×2 works

Who are the top researchers at Universidad Independiente?

Ranked on the quality score, Robert Spychalski, Robert Spychalski and Fernanda Youglar lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Universidad Independiente.

  1. 1 Robert Spychalski Costa Rica · #447,572 worldwide 206 citations · 38 works
  2. 2 Robert Spychalski Costa Rica · #991,566 worldwide 40 citations · 18 works
  3. 3 Fernanda Youglar Costa Rica · #1,131,010 worldwide 509 citations · 99 works
  4. 4 Karsten Heilemann Costa Rica · #2,014,928 worldwide 46 citations · 32 works
  5. 5 Yasser DarkCode Costa Rica · #2,070,060 worldwide 0 citations · 104 works
  6. 6 Sebastián Berón Costa Rica · #2,071,146 worldwide 0 citations · 94 works
  7. 7 Sebastián Berón Costa Rica · #2,163,049 worldwide 0 citations · 76 works
  8. 8 Anirban Kanjilal Costa Rica · #2,512,520 worldwide 4 citations · 17 works
  9. 9 Andrea Menéndez Menéndez Costa Rica · #2,731,927 worldwide 14 citations · 22 works
  10. 10 Fito Girolami Costa Rica · #2,926,655 worldwide 0 citations · 48 works
All ranked researchers at Universidad Independiente

What are the most cited papers from Universidad Independiente?

The most cited paper from Universidad Independiente is "Ítems de referencia para publicar Protocolos de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis: Declaración PRISMA-P 2015" (Mireia Estarli, Eliud Salvador Aguilar Barrera, Rodrigo Martínez-Rodríguez et al., 2016), with 149 citations. Next come "Diagnostic accuracy for apical and chronic periodontitis biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid: an exploratory study" (108) and "Inteligencia Artificial: Transformando la Escritura Académica y Creativa en la Era del Aprendizaje Significativo" (47).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Ítems de referencia para publicar Protocolos de Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis: Declaración PRISMA-P 2015 Mireia Estarli, Eliud Salvador Aguilar Barrera, Rodrigo Martínez-Rodríguez et al. · Revista Española de Nutrición Humana y Dietética Open access 18 Feb 2016 149
2 Diagnostic accuracy for apical and chronic periodontitis biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid: an exploratory study Mauricio Baeza, Mauricio J. Garrido, Patricia Hernández‐Ríos et al. · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology Open access 11 Nov 2015 108
3 Inteligencia Artificial: Transformando la Escritura Académica y Creativa en la Era del Aprendizaje Significativo Eva Gabriela Villacreses Sarzoza, Moreira Cedeño Nancy Maribel, Juan Esteban Calderón Quezada et al. · Revista Científica de Salud y Desarrollo Humano Open access 22 Mar 2025 47
4 Artificial intelligence and machine learning: present and future applications in health sciences Felix António Rego Rodríguez, Lucía Germán Flores, Adrián Alejandro Vitón-Castillo · Seminars in Medical Writing and Education Open access 7 Sep 2022 45
5 Flame in the Air: Bilingual Poetry Edition Guillermina Walas · Letras Femeninas May 2016 39
All 61 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Universidad Independiente?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Education, Globalization, Latin America, Sustainability, Pedagogy, Distance Learning, Innovation and Public Health.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Education133▲ 7.2×50 topics
  2. Globalization89▲ 4.2×47 topics
  3. Sustainability70▲ 2.7×42 topics
  4. Climate Change56▲ 1.90×43 topics
  5. Latin America54▲ 26×17 topics
  6. Public Health54▲ 3.4×38 topics
  7. Sustainable Development50▲ 3.0×26 topics
  8. Innovation48▲ 4.3×21 topics
  9. E-Learning44▲ 4.2×9 topics
  10. COVID-1942▲ 3.0×20 topics
  11. Human Rights42▲ 3.9×25 topics
  12. Educational Technology42▲ 3.3×20 topics
  13. Pedagogy41▲ 7.7×10 topics
  14. Identity37▲ 4.8×22 topics
  15. Literature37▲ 6.3×23 topics
  16. Distance Learning37▲ 9.8×7 topics
  17. Urban Development36▲ 9.4×8 topics
  18. Ethics35▲ 6.3×20 topics
  19. Digital Marketing34▲ 8.1×2 topics
  20. Knowledge Management34▲ 5.7×13 topics
  21. Community Participation34▲ 8.8×10 topics
  22. Cultural Heritage32▲ 5.6×20 topics
  23. Inclusive Education32▲ 8.2×10 topics
  24. Gender32▲ 5.4×19 topics
  25. Teacher Training31▲ 4.7×13 topics
  26. Digital Divide29▲ 10×4 topics
  27. Online Education29▲ 14×3 topics
  28. Small and Medium Enterprises29▲ 15×4 topics
  29. Digital Competence29▲ 30×2 topics
  30. ICT28▲ 20×1 topic
  31. Virtual Teaching28▲ 49×1 topic
  32. Innovation Ecosystems28▲ 26×2 topics
  33. Social Movements28▲ 8.9×15 topics
  34. Social Responsibility28▲ 11×3 topics
  35. Social Impact26▲ 6.1×11 topics
  36. Competitiveness26▲ 30×6 topics
  37. Globalization Effects25▲ 33×2 topics
  38. Psychopharmacology Education24▲ 36×1 topic
  39. Tourism Management24▲ 32×1 topic
  40. Memory24▲ 9.1×6 topics

Which research topics does Universidad Independiente publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Educational Innovations and Technology, Business, Innovation, and Economy, Education and Teacher Training and Public Health and Environmental Issues.

Educational Innovations and Technology: 28 fractional worksBusiness, Innovation, and Economy: 24 fractional worksEducation and Teacher Tr…18Education and Teacher Training: 18 fractional worksPublic Health and Enviro…13Public Health and Environmental Issues: 13 fractional worksSocial Issues and Policies in Latin America: 13 fractional worksCultural and Social Dynamics: 11 fractional worksComparative Literary Ana…10Comparative Literary Analysis and Criticism: 10 fractional worksScientific Research and Technology: 10 fractional worksE-Learning and Knowledge Management: 10 fractional worksHealth and Lifestyle Studies: 10 fractional works
Information SystemsEconomics and EconometricsEducationHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis5 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Educational Innovations and Technology Information Systems 28 works
  2. 2 Business, Innovation, and Economy Economics and Econometrics 24 works
  3. 3 Education and Teacher Training Education 18 works
  4. 4 Public Health and Environmental Issues Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis 13 works
  5. 5 Social Issues and Policies in Latin America Law 13 works
  6. 6 Cultural and Social Dynamics Plant Science 11 works
  7. 7 Comparative Literary Analysis and Criticism Literature and Literary Theory 10 works
  8. 8 Scientific Research and Technology Computer Science Applications 10 works
  9. 9 E-Learning and Knowledge Management Computer Science Applications 10 works
  10. 10 Health and Lifestyle Studies General Health Professions 10 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available91.2%not open8.8%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors32.0%domestic only68.0%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Universidad Independiente's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 43% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Universidad Independiente as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0034% in 2024.

still counting0.0020%0.0040%0.0060%Universidad Independiente0.0052% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Universidad Independiente over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting5%10%15%all institutions10.0% in 2025Universidad Independiente5.3% in 202520102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 13.4% in 2015.

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Universidad Independiente on Science Explorer

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