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Innovation Policy and R&D

Innovation Policy and R&D is a research topic within Economics and Econometrics. Science Explorer counts 19k research works in it since 1950. 10.4% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers examines the impact of government R&D subsidies and fiscal incentives on private R&D investment, innovation activities, and firm performance. It explores the effectiveness and efficiency of R&D support programs, the additionality effects of subsidies, and the role of public funding in promoting technological development, particularly in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The literature also evaluates the influence of R&D tax credits, collaboration initiatives, and regional capital subsidies on firms' innovation intensity and productivity.

  • R&D Subsidies
  • Private R&D
  • Government Support
  • Innovation
  • Fiscal Incentives
  • Econometric Evidence
  • Public Funding
  • Technology Development
  • SMEs
  • Innovation Policy
Research works
19k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
1.9k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.4%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+21%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
47% of the 10 largest, 2022-now

Which countries lead Innovation Policy and R&D research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (1.4k and 527 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 1.4k works
  2. 2 United States 527 works
  3. 3 United Kingdom 211 works
  4. 4 Germany 177 works
  5. 5 Russia 168 works
  6. 6 Italy 154 works
  7. 7 France 121 works
  8. 8 South Korea 110 works
  9. 9 Spain 100 works
  10. 10 Brazil 88 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 46.6%United States: 17.0%United Kingdom: 6.8%Germany: 5.7%6 others listed: 23.9%47%largest
China1,444 · 46.6%United States527 · 17.0%United Kingdom211 · 6.8%Germany177 · 5.7%6 others listed742 · 23.9%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Innovation Policy and R&D research?

By volume in 2022-now, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most Innovation Policy and R&D research, followed by Russian Academy of Sciences and Zhongnan University of Economics and Law.

Who are the leading researchers in Innovation Policy and R&D?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Innovation Policy and R&D include Stephan Windecker and Patrick W.J.C. Serruys.

  1. 1 Stephan Windecker Switzerland 338k citations
  2. 2 Patrick W.J.C. Serruys Netherlands 206k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Innovation Policy and R&D?

The most cited paper in Innovation Policy and R&D is "Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations" (Adam B. Jaffe, Manuel Trajtenberg, Rebecca M. Henderson, 1993), with 7,941 citations. Next come "Sectoral patterns of technical change: Towards a taxonomy and a theory" (6,124) and "Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: New estimates of R&D costs" (3,382).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations Adam B. Jaffe, Manuel Trajtenberg, Rebecca M. Henderson · The Quarterly Journal of Economics Open access Aug 1993 7,941
2 Sectoral patterns of technical change: Towards a taxonomy and a theory Keith Pavitt · Research Policy Open access Dec 1984 6,124
3 Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: New estimates of R&D costs Joseph A. DiMasi, Henry G. Grabowski, Ronald W. Hansen · Journal of Health Economics 13 Feb 2016 3,382
4 What is research collaboration? J. Sylvan Katz, Ben R. Martin · Research Policy Open access Mar 1997 3,001
5 Functions of innovation systems: A new approach for analysing technological change Marko P. Hekkert, Roald A.A. Suurs, Simona O. Negro et al. · Technological Forecasting and Social Change Open access 24 Apr 2006 2,744
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Innovation Policy and R&D research done?

The largest centres of Innovation Policy and R&D research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Moscow (Russia) and Wuhan (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Xiamen.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 225 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 107 works
  3. 3 MoscowRussia 99 works
  4. 4 WuhanChina 88 works
  5. 5 NanjingChina 83 works
  6. 6 LondonUnited Kingdom 66 works
  7. 7 GuangzhouChina 65 works
  8. 8 Xi'anChina 63 works
  9. 9 HangzhouChina 57 works
  10. 10 SeoulSouth Korea 53 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. XiamenCN · 24.0 works3.6×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Innovation Policy and R&D than the world average.

See Innovation Policy and R&D on the map

Where is the best place to study Innovation Policy and R&D?

Among universities, judged by research, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan University and Xiamen University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 21.15%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Zhejiang Gongshang U…Wuhan UniversityXiamen UniversityZhongnan University …
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Zhongnan University of Economics and LawChina 74.118.8%46.4×18 +183.2%
2Wuhan UniversityChina 70.821.6%3.2×17 +140.1%
3Xiamen UniversityChina 70.021.3%4.9×16 +213.8%
4Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityChina 69.934.2%19.6×11 +96.4%
5Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsChina 67.531.2%29.1×9 +689.2%
6Southwestern University of Finance and EconomicsChina 66.811.1%31.2×17 +383.2%
7Renmin University of ChinaChina 66.012.9%13.1×16 +303.5%
8University of International Business and EconomicsChina 65.322.3%33.4×12 +571.1%
9Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina 64.319.2%2.4×16 +62.1%
10Tsinghua UniversityChina 61.918.9%1.8×16 +15.0%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Innovation Policy and R&D, country by country

Is Innovation Policy and R&D research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 21% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2024. The fastest-growing topics are Innovation Policy and R&D.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Innovation Policy and R&D as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.021% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%0.030%Innovation Policy and R&D0.018% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Innovation Policy and R&D over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Innovation Policy and R&D10.7% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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