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Topic · Archeology

Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts

Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts is a research topic within Archeology. Science Explorer counts 9.2k research works in it since 1950. 10.8% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the archaeometallurgical study of ancient iron production, including the analysis of iron artifacts, slag inclusions, and smelting processes. It involves provenance research, metallographic studies, and the examination of historical ironworking techniques.

  • Iron Production
  • Archaeological Analysis
  • Metallographic Study
  • Provenance Research
  • Ancient Metallurgy
  • Smelting Processes
  • Iron Artifacts
  • Slag Inclusions
  • Historical Ironworking
  • Metallurgical Investigation
Research works
9.2k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
994
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.8%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+30%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
Türkiye
22% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts

Which countries lead Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts research?

By volume, Türkiye and France publish the most (333 and 308 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Türkiye 333 works
  2. 2 France 308 works
  3. 3 Russia 221 works
  4. 4 China 168 works
  5. 5 United States 145 works
  6. 6 United Kingdom 122 works
  7. 7 Germany 60 works
  8. 8 Hungary 45 works
  9. 9 India 43 works
  10. 10 Italy 38 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

Türkiye: 22.4%France: 20.8%Russia: 14.9%China: 11.3%6 others listed: 30.6%22%largest
Türkiye333 · 22.4%France308 · 20.8%Russia221 · 14.9%China168 · 11.3%6 others listed453 · 30.6%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts research?

By volume in 2022-now, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts research, followed by Russian Academy of Sciences and Institut National de Recherches Archéologiques Préventives.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 142 works
  2. 2 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 77 works
  3. 3 Institut National de Recherches Archéologiques PréventivesFrance 26 works
  4. 4 University of Science and Technology BeijingChina 26 works
  5. 5 Department of ArchaeologySri Lanka 20 works
  6. 6 Amt für ArchäologieSwitzerland 14 works
  7. 7 Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli UniversityTürkiye 13 works
  8. 8 National Academy of Sciences of UkraineUkraine 13 works
  9. 9 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 11 works
  10. 10 Chinese Academy of EngineeringChina 11 works

Who are the leading researchers in Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts include Dierk Raabe.

  1. 1 Dierk Raabe Germany 125k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts?

The most cited paper in Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts is "New Method of Collagen Extraction for Radiocarbon Dating" (R. Longin, 1971), with 1,854 citations. Next come "The Cimmeride Orogenic System and the Tectonics of Eurasia" (826) and "Products of steel slags an opportunity to save natural resources" (823).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 New Method of Collagen Extraction for Radiocarbon Dating R. Longin · Nature Mar 1971 1,854
2 The Cimmeride Orogenic System and the Tectonics of Eurasia A. M. Celâl Şengör · Geological Society of America Special Papers Book chapter 1984 826
3 Products of steel slags an opportunity to save natural resources H Motz, Jürgen Geiseler · Waste Management Jun 2001 823
4 Interstitials and Vacancies in α Iron ROBERT ALAN JOHNSON · Physical Review Open access Jun 1964 723
5 Superplasticity—Recent advances and future directions OLEG D. SHERBY, Jeffrey Wadsworth · Progress in Materials Science Open access 1989 686
All 101 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts research done?

The largest centres of Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Moscow (Russia), Paris (France) and Ankara (Türkiye). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Metz, Yerevan and Colombo.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 92 works
  2. 2 MoscowRussia 71 works
  3. 3 ParisFrance 68 works
  4. 4 AnkaraTürkiye 50 works
  5. 5 IstanbulTürkiye 49 works
  6. 6 LondonUnited Kingdom 41 works
  7. 7 YerevanArmenia 32 works
  8. 8 BudapestHungary 32 works
  9. 9 MetzFrance 27 works
  10. 10 Saint PetersburgRussia 26 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. MetzFR · 26.5 works193×
  2. YerevanAM · 32.4 works33×
  3. ColomboLK · 21.9 works20×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts than the world average.

See Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts on the map

Where is the best place to study Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts?

Among universities, judged by research, University of Science and Technology Beijing, TU Wien and Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 15.3125%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →TU WienUniversity of Scienc…Istanbul UniversityAnkara Hacı Bayram V…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1University of Science and Technology BeijingChina 89.134.2%17.7×26 +600.6%
2TU WienAustria 70.035.3%13.8×8 +140.4%
3Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli UniversityTürkiye 47.113.0%49.8×13 +382.4%
4Istanbul UniversityTürkiye 36.815.0%12.0×9 +4.2%
5Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart ÜniversitesiTürkiye 29.47.4%17.6×8 +50.1%
6Weatherford CollegeUnited States 28.09.5%3.8×10 +137.0%
7Ankara UniversityTürkiye 27.16.3%11.4×9 -4.8%
8Yerevan State UniversityArmenia 25.11.8%39.7×8 +505.0%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts, country by country

Is Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 30% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2024. The fastest-growing topics are Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.010% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts0.0088% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Metallurgy and Cultural Artifacts10.1% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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