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Croatia vs Russia

On research quality in 2022-now, Russia ranks #49 in the world and Croatia #52, of 189 countries. Croatia stands higher in 13 of the 26 fields both publish in, Russia in 13.

Research profiles alike: -0.15different shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Croatia

World rank, 2022-now
#52
#59 all time
Works, 2022-now
38k
fractional
Top-10% rate
6.5%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
61%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Industrial relations, Library and Information Sciences, Space and Planetary Science.

Russia

World rank, 2022-now
#49
#38 all time
Works, 2022-now
544k
fractional
Top-10% rate
4.4%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
41%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Fuel Technology, General Materials Science.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Croatia leads on 6 of 9 measures: citation excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Russia leads on 2 of 9 measures: research quality and output. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Croatia 61 level2 Russia
  1. #52Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#49
  2. 0.76×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.34×
  3. 38kOutputfractional works, 2022-now544k
  4. 6.5%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited4.4%
  5. 8.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work7.0
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 61%Open accessof its works free to read, all time41%
  8. 16%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time14%
  9. +2%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change-10%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Croatia stands higher in 13 of 26 fields, Russia in 13. Croatia leads most in Dentistry (#38 against #55); Russia leads most in Mathematics (#13 against #53). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Croatia 1313 Russia
  1. #54Agricultural and Biological Sciences#57
  2. #51Arts and Humanities#37
  3. #51Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#52
  4. #47Business, Management and Accounting#56
  5. -Chemical Engineering#35
  6. #47Chemistry#37
  7. #61Computer Science#46
  8. #49Decision Sciences#43
  9. #38Dentistry#55
  10. #48Earth and Planetary Sciences#56
  11. #48Economics, Econometrics and Finance#42
  12. #45Energy#53
  13. #56Engineering#43
  14. #62Environmental Science#86
  15. #65Health Professions#73
  16. #43Immunology and Microbiology#58
  17. #49Materials Science#30
  18. #53Mathematics#13
  19. #54Medicine#68
  20. #53Neuroscience#57
  21. #43Nursing#51
  22. -Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics#42
  23. #44Physics and Astronomy#30
  24. #52Psychology#64
  25. #69Social Sciences#37
  26. -Veterinary#27

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Croatia rankRussia rank Croatia top 10%Russia top 10% Croatia worksRussia works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #54 #57 9.1% 4.6% 1.8k 31k
Arts and Humanities #51 #37 4.9% 7.1% 2.4k 14k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #51 #52 7.2% 3.2% 1.5k 23k
Business, Management and Accounting #47 #56 8.5% 5.6% 1.3k 16k
Chemical Engineering - #35 - 2.4% - 2.5k
Chemistry #47 #37 6.3% 2.7% 490 14k
Computer Science #61 #46 7.8% 5.3% 2.2k 33k
Decision Sciences #49 #43 8.2% 5.8% 374 3.8k
Dentistry #38 #55 12.7% 2.5% 294 1.8k
Earth and Planetary Sciences #48 #56 5.8% 3.1% 646 19k
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #48 #42 5.5% 5.9% 2.4k 16k
Energy #45 #53 8.1% 4.0% 229 5.1k
Engineering #56 #43 6.2% 3.5% 4.3k 97k
Environmental Science #62 #86 5.9% 3.6% 2.2k 25k
Health Professions #65 #73 5.9% 3.3% 882 5.8k
Immunology and Microbiology #43 #58 7.9% 2.5% 314 4k
Materials Science #49 #30 5.4% 2.9% 691 28k
Mathematics #53 #13 5.2% 5.7% 443 10k
Medicine #54 #68 7.2% 3.2% 7.3k 72k
Neuroscience #53 #57 5.7% 2.4% 473 7k
Nursing #43 #51 6.6% 3.0% 217 1.4k
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - #42 - 2.5% - 1.6k
Physics and Astronomy #44 #30 7.0% 3.0% 518 24k
Psychology #52 #64 5.5% 4.7% 1.5k 9.5k
Social Sciences #69 #37 5.5% 7.8% 5.8k 80k
Veterinary - #27 - 2.4% - 426

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Croatia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology1,625◆ 0.95×139 topics
  2. Sustainable Development1,368▲ 2.0×105 topics
  3. Sustainability1,296▲ 1.23×127 topics
  4. Climate Change1,230◆ 1.05×124 topics
  5. Economic Growth1,129▲ 3.2×35 topics
  6. International Relations1,106▲ 11×28 topics
  7. International Trade1,024▲ 17×12 topics
  8. Nation-Building1,018▲ 45×4 topics
  9. Foreign Policy1,008▲ 62×4 topics
  10. Sovereign Debt Crises1,002▲ 58×2 topics
  11. Negotiation992▲ 65×4 topics
  12. Commercial Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
  13. Economic Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
  14. Religion893▲ 4.5×43 topics
  15. Artificial Intelligence889▲ 1.45×62 topics
  16. Regional Development810▲ 5.5×19 topics
  17. Organizational Culture800▲ 4.8×16 topics
  18. Financial Performance799▲ 3.3×16 topics
  19. Ethics774▲ 3.6×58 topics
  20. Innovation Management742▲ 11×9 topics
  21. Small and Medium Enterprises722▲ 9.5×10 topics
  22. Agricultural Sustainability716▲ 15×6 topics
  23. Rural Tourism696▲ 52×3 topics
  24. Leadership Emergence693▲ 117×1 topic
  25. Identity680▲ 2.2×75 topics
  26. Resilience629▲ 3.0×17 topics
  27. Climate Change Impact621▲ 6.3×8 topics
  28. Environmental Policy580▲ 6.7×14 topics
  29. Water Quality Monitoring549▲ 16×3 topics
  30. Hydrological Analysis530▲ 34×2 topics
  31. Socio-economic Factors524▲ 11×3 topics
  32. Water Resources Management523▲ 92×2 topics
  33. Global Water Resources517▲ 127×1 topic
  34. Integrated Management517▲ 127×1 topic
  35. Media478▲ 7.4×18 topics
  36. Spirituality468▲ 11×7 topics
  37. Social Change455▲ 8.6×19 topics
  38. Cultural Integration449▲ 4.9×3 topics
  39. Communication Technology422▲ 79×1 topic
  40. Youth Subcultures422▲ 79×1 topic

Russia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainable Development37k▲ 3.9×113 topics
  2. Climate Change33k▲ 2.0×132 topics
  3. Digital Transformation24k▲ 7.3×32 topics
  4. Innovation24k▲ 3.8×91 topics
  5. Artificial Intelligence23k▲ 2.7×67 topics
  6. Globalization23k▲ 1.94×186 topics
  7. Sustainability18k▲ 1.20×140 topics
  8. Energy Efficiency16k▲ 3.0×45 topics
  9. Regional Development16k▲ 8.0×21 topics
  10. Digital Economy15k▲ 12×20 topics
  11. Economic Development15k▲ 3.1×57 topics
  12. Food Security13k▲ 4.0×25 topics
  13. Educational Technology13k▲ 1.80×48 topics
  14. E-Learning11k▲ 1.97×27 topics
  15. Legal Regulation11k▲ 8.3×8 topics
  16. Digitalization11k▲ 9.0×16 topics
  17. Language11k▲ 7.1×15 topics
  18. Pedagogy9,445▲ 3.1×30 topics
  19. Economic Security8,448▲ 6.6×7 topics
  20. Migration8,418▲ 4.1×35 topics
  21. Ethnicity8,272▲ 3.7×25 topics
  22. International Relations7,912▲ 5.4×31 topics
  23. Global Economy7,846▲ 10×7 topics
  24. Geopolitics7,489▲ 8.2×12 topics
  25. Media7,153▲ 7.9×19 topics
  26. Cyber-Physical Systems6,922▲ 4.4×9 topics
  27. Arctic6,854▲ 10×4 topics
  28. Blockchain Technology6,746▲ 20×4 topics
  29. Linguistics6,575▲ 6.9×9 topics
  30. Youth6,520▲ 7.8×10 topics
  31. Geographical Analysis6,050▲ 24×2 topics
  32. Information Security6,016▲ 10×4 topics
  33. Digital Technologies5,999▲ 7.4×6 topics
  34. Knowledge Clusters5,806▲ 25×2 topics
  35. Agricultural Development5,664▲ 6.2×7 topics
  36. Macroeconomic Assessment5,469▲ 25×1 topic
  37. Russian Economy5,469▲ 25×1 topic
  38. Phraseology5,279▲ 12×3 topics
  39. Spatial Patterns5,109▲ 9.1×4 topics
  40. Cultural Communication4,923▲ 24×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Russia has out-published Croatia every year since 1980.

still counting100k200kRussia112k in 2025Croatia10k in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting2.0%4.0%Russia1.9% in 2025Croatia0.18% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%Croatia7.0% in 2025Russia4.7% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Croatia 05 level0 Russia
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Croatia or Russia?

Russia publishes 14.2× as much research as Croatia in 2022-now (544k against 38k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Croatia or Russia?

6.5% of Croatia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 4.4% for Russia.

Is Croatia or Russia growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +2% against 2018-21 for Croatia, and -10% for Russia.

Which has more open access research, Croatia or Russia?

61% of Croatia's research is free to read, against 41% of Russia's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Croatia or Russia?

Croatia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Russia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Croatia

  1. 1University of Zagreb6.5% top 10% · 14k works
  2. 2University of Split8.1% top 10% · 3.2k works
  3. 3University of Osijek7.3% top 10% · 2.8k works
  4. 4University of Rijeka7.2% top 10% · 3k works
  5. 5University North9.0% top 10% · 597 works
  6. 6Institut za filozofiju3.7% top 10% · 1.5k works

Russia

  1. 1Russian Academy of Sciences4.1% top 10% · 132k works
  2. 2National Research University Higher School of Economics8.0% top 10% · 8.5k works
  3. 3Financial University9.5% top 10% · 4.6k works
  4. 4ITMO University4.7% top 10% · 3.5k works
  5. 5Ural State University of Economics4.1% top 10% · 951 works
  6. 6Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology8.6% top 10% · 1.6k works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Croatia

  1. 1 D. Mekterović #10,978 worldwide 52k citations · 552 works
  2. 2 Ozren Polašek #21,112 worldwide 75k citations · 684 works
  3. 3 R. Gupta #26,416 worldwide 7.7k citations · 106 works
  4. 4 G. I. Veres #32,507 worldwide 16k citations · 246 works
  5. 5 T. Virdee #36,724 worldwide 11k citations · 145 works

Russia

  1. 1 S. L. Danilishin #1,207 worldwide 94k citations · 319 works
  2. 2 A. Khanzadeev #1,297 worldwide 45k citations · 397 works
  3. 3 V. Barret #2,233 worldwide 23k citations · 184 works
  4. 4 I. Novikov #4,043 worldwide 38k citations · 135 works
  5. 5 V. Punin #4,147 worldwide 27k citations · 248 works