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Iraq vs Yemen

On research quality in 2022-now, Yemen ranks #105 in the world and Iraq #187, of 189 countries. Iraq stands higher in 14 of the 26 fields both publish in, Yemen in 12.

Research profiles alike: 0.70similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Iraq

World rank, 2022-now
#187
#177 all time
Works, 2022-now
117k
fractional
Top-10% rate
4.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
78%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Drug Discovery, Numerical Analysis, Algebra and Number Theory.

Yemen

World rank, 2022-now
#105
#122 all time
Works, 2022-now
7.2k
fractional
Top-10% rate
8.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
69%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Drug Discovery, General Dentistry, Numerical Analysis.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Yemen leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work, international co-authorship and growth. Iraq leads on 2 of 9 measures: output and open access. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Iraq 21 level6 Yemen
  1. #187Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#105
  2. 0.43×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.77×
  3. 117kOutputfractional works, 2022-now7.2k
  4. 4.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited8.7%
  5. 5.1Citations per workall time, per fractional work8.7
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 78%Open accessof its works free to read, all time69%
  8. 15%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time54%
  9. +87%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+91%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Iraq stands higher in 14 of 26 fields, Yemen in 12. Yemen leads most in Computer Science (#84 against #125). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Iraq 1412 Yemen
  1. #122Agricultural and Biological Sciences#114
  2. #103Arts and Humanities#94
  3. #103Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#81
  4. #108Business, Management and Accounting#83
  5. #43Chemical Engineering-
  6. #68Chemistry-
  7. #125Computer Science#84
  8. #76Decision Sciences-
  9. #62Dentistry-
  10. #78Earth and Planetary Sciences-
  11. #107Economics, Econometrics and Finance-
  12. #67Energy-
  13. #106Engineering#86
  14. #120Environmental Science#118
  15. #105Health Professions#88
  16. #71Immunology and Microbiology-
  17. #83Materials Science#65
  18. #80Mathematics#56
  19. #150Medicine#130
  20. #71Neuroscience-
  21. #64Nursing-
  22. #44Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-
  23. #75Physics and Astronomy-
  24. #106Psychology-
  25. #148Social Sciences#131
  26. #30Veterinary-

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Iraq rankYemen rank Iraq top 10%Yemen top 10% Iraq worksYemen works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #122 #114 3.1% 7.4% 8.3k 291
Arts and Humanities #103 #94 5.7% 10.4% 3.3k 203
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #103 #81 3.0% 7.9% 5.5k 215
Business, Management and Accounting #108 #83 5.7% 12.4% 2.8k 320
Chemical Engineering #43 - 5.7% - 348 -
Chemistry #68 - 6.4% - 3.2k -
Computer Science #125 #84 6.5% 11.7% 11k 755
Decision Sciences #76 - 6.2% - 1.3k -
Dentistry #62 - 2.8% - 1.6k -
Earth and Planetary Sciences #78 - 3.6% - 1.2k -
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #107 - 3.6% - 1.6k -
Energy #67 - 7.8% - 1.5k -
Engineering #106 #86 5.7% 9.2% 22k 889
Environmental Science #120 #118 4.6% 7.5% 5.7k 276
Health Professions #105 #88 5.1% 8.4% 2.8k 244
Immunology and Microbiology #71 - 1.5% - 1.7k -
Materials Science #83 #65 7.3% 15.4% 5.2k 278
Mathematics #80 #56 6.0% 10.1% 2.3k 231
Medicine #150 #130 2.9% 5.7% 18k 1.4k
Neuroscience #71 - 5.6% - 1.1k -
Nursing #64 - 2.2% - 826 -
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics #44 - 4.6% - 861 -
Physics and Astronomy #75 - 5.7% - 1.3k -
Psychology #106 - 3.3% - 2.3k -
Social Sciences #148 #131 4.0% 8.0% 10k 859
Veterinary #30 - 1.4% - 210 -

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Iraq

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning6,208▲ 1.43×97 topics
  2. Deep Learning6,012▲ 1.33×85 topics
  3. Epidemiology5,468◆ 1.05×137 topics
  4. Inflammation3,503▲ 1.26×83 topics
  5. Nanoparticles3,313▲ 2.0×44 topics
  6. Environmental Impact3,295▲ 1.48×73 topics
  7. Oxidative Stress2,705▲ 1.26×63 topics
  8. Nanomaterials2,429▲ 1.78×21 topics
  9. Renewable Energy2,256▲ 1.19×61 topics
  10. Antioxidant2,179▲ 2.4×51 topics
  11. Remote Sensing2,135▲ 1.34×40 topics
  12. Mechanical Properties2,134▲ 1.67×39 topics
  13. Culture2,006▲ 2.9×40 topics
  14. Literature2,004▲ 2.8×60 topics
  15. History1,885▲ 2.1×57 topics
  16. Philosophy1,819▲ 3.1×41 topics
  17. Islam1,756▲ 6.5×5 topics
  18. Ethnicity1,752▲ 3.6×23 topics
  19. Toxicity1,738▲ 3.1×20 topics
  20. Synthesis1,692▲ 3.5×36 topics
  21. Social Influence1,656▲ 6.0×3 topics
  22. Antioxidant Activity1,634▲ 2.0×32 topics
  23. Science1,632▲ 5.1×10 topics
  24. Sharia Law1,610▲ 8.6×2 topics
  25. Malay Language1,609▲ 8.8×1 topic
  26. Heat Transfer1,598▲ 2.5×20 topics
  27. Artificial Neural Networks1,524▲ 2.6×10 topics
  28. Economic Security1,374▲ 5.0×7 topics
  29. Legal Regulation1,348▲ 4.6×8 topics
  30. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles1,328▲ 5.4×5 topics
  31. Strategic Planning1,280▲ 6.7×5 topics
  32. Design1,279▲ 6.0×6 topics
  33. Modernization1,265▲ 5.3×5 topics
  34. International Trade Law1,254▲ 7.3×2 topics
  35. Foresight1,252▲ 7.3×2 topics
  36. Public Oversight1,248▲ 7.8×1 topic
  37. Transport Policy1,248▲ 7.8×1 topic
  38. Air Force1,245▲ 8.1×1 topic
  39. Warfare1,245▲ 8.1×1 topic
  40. Recycled Materials923▲ 6.3×2 topics

Yemen

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning448▲ 1.61×94 topics
  2. Epidemiology430▲ 1.30×134 topics
  3. Deep Learning344▲ 1.19×84 topics
  4. Healthcare203▲ 2.1×31 topics
  5. Artificial Intelligence196▲ 1.65×57 topics
  6. Globalization192▲ 1.17×100 topics
  7. Supply Chain Management188▲ 2.5×23 topics
  8. Education169▲ 1.18×102 topics
  9. Ethnicity125▲ 4.0×15 topics
  10. Digital Transformation124▲ 2.8×26 topics
  11. Literature121▲ 2.6×27 topics
  12. Culture120▲ 2.8×21 topics
  13. History114▲ 1.97×25 topics
  14. Knowledge Management108▲ 2.3×30 topics
  15. Legal Regulation106▲ 5.7×8 topics
  16. Philosophy104▲ 2.8×22 topics
  17. Social Influence103▲ 5.8×3 topics
  18. Economic Security99▲ 5.6×7 topics
  19. Science99▲ 4.8×7 topics
  20. Islam98▲ 5.7×4 topics
  21. Customer Satisfaction98▲ 3.7×9 topics
  22. IoT97▲ 3.1×17 topics
  23. Smart Cities97▲ 4.4×8 topics
  24. Malay Language96▲ 8.2×1 topic
  25. Sharia Law96▲ 8.1×1 topic
  26. Corpus Linguistics85▲ 4.8×5 topics
  27. Foresight84▲ 7.7×2 topics
  28. Organizational Performance82▲ 3.8×11 topics
  29. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles81▲ 5.2×5 topics
  30. Strategic Planning80▲ 6.5×5 topics
  31. Design80▲ 5.8×6 topics
  32. Public Oversight79▲ 7.7×1 topic
  33. Transport Policy79▲ 7.7×1 topic
  34. Modernization78▲ 5.1×3 topics
  35. Air Force78▲ 7.9×1 topic
  36. Warfare78▲ 7.9×1 topic
  37. Nonlinear Equations76▲ 7.1×6 topics
  38. Social Media Marketing62▲ 15×1 topic
  39. Fractional Calculus58▲ 12×2 topics
  40. Cross-Cultural Communication57▲ 7.6×3 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Iraq has out-published Yemen every year since 1980.

still counting20k40kIraq31k in 2025Yemen2,139 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.20%0.40%0.60%Iraq0.52% in 2025Yemen0.036% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Yemen8.6% in 2025Iraq5.1% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Iraq 05 level0 Yemen
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Iraq or Yemen?

Iraq publishes 16.1× as much research as Yemen in 2022-now (117k against 7.2k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Iraq or Yemen?

8.7% of Yemen's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 4.7% for Iraq.

Is Iraq or Yemen growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +91% against 2018-21 for Yemen, and +87% for Iraq.

Which has more open access research, Iraq or Yemen?

78% of Iraq's research is free to read, against 69% of Yemen's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Iraq or Yemen?

Iraq holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Yemen 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Iraq

  1. 1University of Raparin11.5% top 10% · 638 works
  2. 2Koya University6.8% top 10% · 879 works
  3. 3University of Technology - Iraq6.5% top 10% · 4.7k works
  4. 4Tishk International University11.6% top 10% · 1k works
  5. 5Duhok Polytechnic University10.3% top 10% · 627 works
  6. 6Kurdistan Regional Government8.8% top 10% · 960 works

Yemen

  1. 1University of Science and Technology5.0% top 10% · 2.1k works
  2. 2Sana'a University7.9% top 10% · 1.7k works
  3. 3Ibb University15.3% top 10% · 445 works
  4. 4Taiz University11.9% top 10% · 445 works
  5. 5Thamar University12.1% top 10% · 474 works
  6. 6University of Aden6.6% top 10% · 551 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Iraq

  1. 1 Aso Mohammad Darwesh #14,894 worldwide 51k citations · 121 works
  2. 2 Ahmed Omar Bali #18,851 worldwide 46k citations · 89 works
  3. 3 Mokhtar Mohammadi #20,512 worldwide 15k citations · 151 works
  4. 4 Hayder Ibrahim Mohammed #24,716 worldwide 7.1k citations · 192 works
  5. 5 Karrar Hameed Abdulkareem #24,839 worldwide 6.4k citations · 111 works

Yemen

  1. 1 Hamood Mohammed Al‐Hattami #33,148 worldwide 1.4k citations · 60 works
  2. 2 Abdulwahab Rajeh #54,107 worldwide 5.9k citations · 92 works
  3. 3 Mohammed A. Al‐Hakimi #61,642 worldwide 1.2k citations · 42 works
  4. 4 Saeed Rabea Baatwah #166,289 worldwide 933 citations · 51 works
  5. 5 Saeed Hamood Alsamhi #167,907 worldwide 7.2k citations · 201 works