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Moldova vs Turkmenistan

On research quality in 2022-now, Turkmenistan ranks #149 in the world and Moldova #159, of 189 countries. Moldova stands higher in 11 of the 12 fields both publish in, Turkmenistan in 1.

Research profiles alike: 0.66similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Moldova

World rank, 2022-now
#159
#170 all time
Works, 2022-now
7.3k
fractional
Top-10% rate
2.6%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
79%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: General Energy, Anatomy, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation.

Turkmenistan

World rank, 2022-now
#149
#190 all time
Works, 2022-now
1.1k
fractional
Top-10% rate
3.9%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
70%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Aquatic Science, Fuel Technology, Economics and Econometrics.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Moldova leads on 4 of 9 measures: output, citations per work, open access and international co-authorship. Turkmenistan leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, top-10% rate and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Moldova 41 level4 Turkmenistan
  1. #159Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#149
  2. 0.33×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.66×
  3. 7.3kOutputfractional works, 2022-now1.1k
  4. 2.6%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited3.9%
  5. 4.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work1.3
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 79%Open accessof its works free to read, all time70%
  8. 24%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time21%
  9. +29%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+150%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Moldova stands higher in 11 of 12 fields, Turkmenistan in 1. Turkmenistan leads most in Social Sciences (#109 against #142). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Moldova 111 Turkmenistan
  1. #112Agricultural and Biological Sciences-
  2. #96Arts and Humanities-
  3. #106Business, Management and Accounting-
  4. #123Computer Science-
  5. #105Economics, Econometrics and Finance-
  6. #126Engineering-
  7. #108Environmental Science-
  8. #98Health Professions-
  9. #84Materials Science-
  10. #142Medicine-
  11. #104Psychology-
  12. #142Social Sciences#109

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Moldova rankTurkmenistan rank Moldova top 10%Turkmenistan top 10% Moldova worksTurkmenistan works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #112 - 3.3% - 423 -
Arts and Humanities #96 - 3.5% - 343 -
Business, Management and Accounting #106 - 1.6% - 350 -
Computer Science #123 - 2.8% - 478 -
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #105 - 1.6% - 405 -
Engineering #126 - 2.2% - 578 -
Environmental Science #108 - 3.0% - 345 -
Health Professions #98 - 2.7% - 257 -
Materials Science #84 - 1.8% - 204 -
Medicine #142 - 2.2% - 1.2k -
Psychology #104 - 1.8% - 303 -
Social Sciences #142 #109 3.2% 4.7% 1.6k 536

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Moldova

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainable Development524▲ 3.9×87 topics
  2. Globalization458▲ 2.7×111 topics
  3. Education415▲ 2.8×116 topics
  4. Human Rights413▲ 4.7×69 topics
  5. Climate Change381▲ 1.64×108 topics
  6. Innovation361▲ 4.1×71 topics
  7. Epidemiology318◆ 0.93×126 topics
  8. Sustainability308▲ 1.47×100 topics
  9. Artificial Intelligence277▲ 2.3×55 topics
  10. Educational Technology249▲ 2.5×44 topics
  11. Economic Development237▲ 3.5×34 topics
  12. Renewable Energy220▲ 1.78×55 topics
  13. Pedagogy210▲ 4.9×26 topics
  14. Mental Health205▲ 1.68×40 topics
  15. Digital Transformation185▲ 4.0×28 topics
  16. E-Learning185▲ 2.2×24 topics
  17. Teacher Training171▲ 3.3×27 topics
  18. Higher Education159▲ 3.5×26 topics
  19. Leadership154▲ 3.7×31 topics
  20. Environmental Management153▲ 4.4×19 topics
  21. International Law139▲ 5.2×29 topics
  22. Regional Development135▲ 4.6×16 topics
  23. Digital Economy130▲ 7.6×19 topics
  24. Health Promotion126▲ 4.7×12 topics
  25. European Union125▲ 6.5×23 topics
  26. Global Governance119▲ 5.8×21 topics
  27. Legal Regulation116▲ 6.0×8 topics
  28. Judicial Review112▲ 15×6 topics
  29. Athletic Training110▲ 14×3 topics
  30. Physical Education109▲ 10×7 topics
  31. Digitalization108▲ 6.1×9 topics
  32. Financial Security105▲ 12×3 topics
  33. Economic Security102▲ 5.6×7 topics
  34. Motor Skills Development94▲ 12×2 topics
  35. Biomechanical Analysis93▲ 17×2 topics
  36. Fitness Technology92▲ 46×1 topic
  37. Sports Science92▲ 46×1 topic
  38. Constitutionalism91▲ 12×4 topics
  39. ECHR87▲ 29×1 topic
  40. European Legal Systems87▲ 29×1 topic

Turkmenistan

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Pedagogy455▲ 53×12 topics
  2. Language Teaching451▲ 98×7 topics
  3. Digital Education446▲ 175×5 topics
  4. Formative Assessment443▲ 308×2 topics
  5. Teaching Methods442▲ 159×2 topics
  6. Educational Technologies442▲ 282×2 topics
  7. Critical Thinking442▲ 221×1 topic
  8. Student Competencies442▲ 393×1 topic
  9. Globalization323▲ 9.6×33 topics
  10. Sustainability298▲ 7.1×41 topics
  11. Entrepreneurship275▲ 40×4 topics
  12. Digital Economy272▲ 79×10 topics
  13. Economic Development266▲ 19×12 topics
  14. Industrial Enterprises260▲ 445×1 topic
  15. Innovation Economics260▲ 445×1 topic
  16. Renewable Energy175▲ 7.0×31 topics
  17. Migration154▲ 26×13 topics
  18. Global Governance147▲ 36×4 topics
  19. Climate Change Impact135▲ 34×2 topics
  20. Energy Consumption135▲ 35×2 topics
  21. Irrigation134▲ 404×1 topic
  22. Water Efficiency134▲ 404×1 topic
  23. Postcolonialism134▲ 54×2 topics
  24. Biopolitics134▲ 101×3 topics
  25. Crisis Management133▲ 152×1 topic
  26. Education Reform133▲ 320×1 topic
  27. Innovation36▲ 2.0×22 topics
  28. Neoliberalism35▲ 5.7×8 topics
  29. Digital Labour Theory29▲ 184×1 topic
  30. Innovative Pedagogies29▲ 184×1 topic
  31. Ethnicity25▲ 3.9×9 topics
  32. Language23▲ 5.3×9 topics
  33. Telemedicine22▲ 9.6×5 topics
  34. Central Asia22▲ 18×4 topics
  35. Digitalization21▲ 5.9×9 topics
  36. Algorithmic Modeling20▲ 152×1 topic
  37. Biomedical Signal Processing20▲ 152×1 topic
  38. Remote Monitoring20▲ 11×2 topics
  39. Language Contact19▲ 12×3 topics
  40. Sharia Law19▲ 7.7×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Moldova has out-published Turkmenistan every year since 1982.

still counting1k2k3kMoldova1,848 in 2025Turkmenistan506 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.020%0.040%0.060%Moldova0.031% in 2025Turkmenistan0.0086% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%Turkmenistan6.0% in 2025Moldova3.7% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Moldova 05 level0 Turkmenistan
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Moldova or Turkmenistan?

Moldova publishes 6.5× as much research as Turkmenistan in 2022-now (7.3k against 1.1k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Moldova or Turkmenistan?

3.9% of Turkmenistan's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 2.6% for Moldova.

Is Moldova or Turkmenistan growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +150% against 2018-21 for Turkmenistan, and +29% for Moldova.

Which has more open access research, Moldova or Turkmenistan?

79% of Moldova's research is free to read, against 70% of Turkmenistan's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Moldova or Turkmenistan?

Moldova holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Turkmenistan 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Moldova

  1. 1Moldova State University1.6% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2Technical University of Moldova3.1% top 10% · 928 works
  3. 3Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science5.5% top 10% · 320 works
  4. 4State University of Physical Education and Sport3.4% top 10% · 386 works
  5. 5Institute of Educational Sciences8.2% top 10% · 216 works
  6. 6Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova1.8% top 10% · 672 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Moldova

  1. 1 Valeriu Crudu #140,526 worldwide 4.5k citations · 157 works
  2. 2 Denis L. Nika #196,481 worldwide 9.6k citations · 101 works
  3. 3 Dumitru Chesov #439,970 worldwide 1.8k citations · 83 works
  4. 4 Oleg I. Lupan #601,694 worldwide 14k citations · 252 works
  5. 5 Eleonora Vataman #611,941 worldwide 11k citations · 37 works

Turkmenistan

  1. 1 Bart Lambert #809,629 worldwide 349 citations · 86 works
  2. 2 Luc Vrydaghs #2,868,565 worldwide 3k citations · 174 works
  3. 3 Pieter Bruegel #3,218,609 worldwide 113 citations · 80 works
  4. 4 Centro Galego de Arte Contemporánea #3,244,893 worldwide 7 citations · 15 works
  5. 5 Tine Luk Meganck #3,400,089 worldwide 17 citations · 29 works