Tanzania vs Zambia
On research quality in 2022-now, Tanzania ranks #64 in the world and Zambia #81, of 189 countries. Tanzania stands higher in 15 of the 15 fields both publish in, Zambia in 0.
Research profiles alike: 0.93very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Tanzania
- World rank, 2022-now
- #64
- #74 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 17k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 7.7%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 69%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Library and Information Sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Parasitology.
Zambia
- World rank, 2022-now
- #81
- #70 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 6.6k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 5.9%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 71%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Insect Science, Aquatic Science, Business and International Management.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Tanzania leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate, citations per work and growth. Zambia leads on 2 of 9 measures: open access and international co-authorship. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #64Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#81
- 0.90×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.80×
- 17kOutputfractional works, 2022-now6.6k
- 7.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited5.9%
- 14.6Citations per workall time, per fractional work9.8
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 69%Open accessof its works free to read, all time71%
- 30%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time44%
- +101%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+97%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Tanzania stands higher in 15 of 15 fields, Zambia in 0. Tanzania leads most in Computer Science (#78 against #110). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- #50Agricultural and Biological Sciences#77
- #65Arts and Humanities-
- #63Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#67
- #59Business, Management and Accounting#86
- #78Computer Science#110
- #51Decision Sciences-
- #62Economics, Econometrics and Finance#76
- #84Engineering#103
- #66Environmental Science#83
- #50Health Professions#74
- #41Immunology and Microbiology-
- #49Medicine#66
- #44Nursing-
- #67Psychology-
- #66Social Sciences#98
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Tanzania rank | Zambia rank | Tanzania top 10% | Zambia top 10% | Tanzania works | Zambia works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | #50 | #77 | 9.3% | 4.0% | 1.8k | 1.1k |
| Arts and Humanities | #65 | - | 9.3% | - | 341 | - |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | #63 | #67 | 7.8% | 3.8% | 451 | 410 |
| Business, Management and Accounting | #59 | #86 | 7.3% | 5.1% | 1.4k | 530 |
| Computer Science | #78 | #110 | 7.5% | 6.5% | 773 | 236 |
| Decision Sciences | #51 | - | 3.7% | - | 353 | - |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | #62 | #76 | 6.2% | 4.8% | 768 | 329 |
| Engineering | #84 | #103 | 6.5% | 6.2% | 964 | 331 |
| Environmental Science | #66 | #83 | 6.8% | 5.8% | 1.4k | 480 |
| Health Professions | #50 | #74 | 10.9% | 6.5% | 630 | 262 |
| Immunology and Microbiology | #41 | - | 10.6% | - | 256 | - |
| Medicine | #49 | #66 | 8.1% | 7.2% | 3.1k | 1.2k |
| Nursing | #44 | - | 8.3% | - | 220 | - |
| Psychology | #67 | - | 6.5% | - | 434 | - |
| Social Sciences | #66 | #98 | 7.4% | 7.4% | 3.4k | 887 |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Tanzania
- Microfinance
- Poverty Alleviation
- Conditional Cash Transfers
- Empowerment
- Livelihood Diversification
- Antiretroviral Therapy
- Child Mortality
- Technology Adoption
- Health Inequalities
- Technology Integration
- Social Networks
- Community Health Workers
- Gender Equality
- Rural Development
- Sustainable Agriculture
- Supply Chain Management
- Social Capital
- Sustainable Development
- Globalization
- Climate Change
- Epidemiology
- Sustainability
- Environmental Impact
- Education
- Poverty Reduction
- Economic Development
- Smallholder Farmers
- Risk Management
- Maternal Mortality
- Food Security
- Gender Inequality
- Development
- Socio-economic Factors
- Adaptation
- Health Systems
- Agricultural Innovation
- Market Participation
- Primary Education
- School Subsidies
- Financial Inclusion
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology1,175▲ 1.47×137 topics
- Climate Change1,053▲ 1.93×111 topics
- Sustainability1,002▲ 2.0×102 topics
- Globalization626▲ 1.58×121 topics
- Environmental Impact569▲ 1.66×66 topics
- Sustainable Development542▲ 1.72×94 topics
- Education539▲ 1.56×102 topics
- Social Capital536▲ 5.1×20 topics
- Poverty Reduction482▲ 18×6 topics
- Supply Chain Management418▲ 2.3×25 topics
- Economic Development413▲ 2.6×37 topics
- Sustainable Agriculture403▲ 6.5×16 topics
- Smallholder Farmers396▲ 9.3×6 topics
- Rural Development392▲ 5.7×18 topics
- Risk Management370▲ 3.9×16 topics
- Gender Equality364▲ 6.4×16 topics
- Maternal Mortality351▲ 7.8×5 topics
- Community Health Workers335▲ 19×2 topics
- Food Security334▲ 3.1×23 topics
- Social Networks325▲ 6.0×10 topics
- Gender Inequality310▲ 11×7 topics
- Technology Integration307▲ 4.8×11 topics
- Development289▲ 4.0×21 topics
- Health Inequalities284▲ 12×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors278▲ 12×3 topics
- Technology Adoption276▲ 7.4×6 topics
- Adaptation273▲ 4.5×14 topics
- Child Mortality272▲ 19×1 topic
- Health Systems272▲ 19×1 topic
- Antiretroviral Therapy235▲ 7.2×6 topics
- Agricultural Innovation233▲ 25×2 topics
- Livelihood Diversification229▲ 36×1 topic
- Market Participation229▲ 36×1 topic
- Empowerment222▲ 11×6 topics
- Primary Education218▲ 27×2 topics
- Conditional Cash Transfers218▲ 31×1 topic
- School Subsidies218▲ 31×1 topic
- Poverty Alleviation215▲ 11×3 topics
- Financial Inclusion209▲ 20×1 topic
- Microfinance209▲ 20×1 topic
Zambia
- Morphology
- Child Mortality
- Health Inequalities
- Vaccine
- Antiretroviral Therapy
- Chemical Ecology
- Pheromones
- Food Security
- Economic Growth
- Environmental Challenge
- Social Capital
- Pest Management
- Host Specificity
- Lepidoptera
- Biological Control
- Evolution
- Conservation
- Invasive Species
- Climate Change
- Biodiversity
- Epidemiology
- Sustainability
- Phylogeny
- DNA Barcoding
- Taxonomy
- Environmental Impact
- Cryptic Species
- Molecular Phylogenetics
- Ecological Impact
- Sustainable Energy
- Economic Assessment
- Water Hyacinth
- Economic Development
- Poverty Reduction
- Genetic Diversity
- Odor Source Localization
- Maternal Mortality
- Community Health Workers
- Socio-economic Factors
- Health Systems
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology502▲ 1.57×133 topics
- Biodiversity393▲ 6.4×34 topics
- Sustainability366▲ 1.86×95 topics
- Climate Change347▲ 1.59×107 topics
- Phylogeny319▲ 24×16 topics
- Invasive Species310▲ 9.1×21 topics
- DNA Barcoding306▲ 22×9 topics
- Conservation299▲ 8.7×21 topics
- Taxonomy294▲ 25×13 topics
- Evolution291▲ 14×15 topics
- Environmental Impact277▲ 2.0×59 topics
- Biological Control267▲ 22×9 topics
- Cryptic Species240▲ 117×2 topics
- Lepidoptera238▲ 156×1 topic
- Molecular Phylogenetics238▲ 156×1 topic
- Host Specificity220▲ 24×5 topics
- Ecological Impact202▲ 48×3 topics
- Pest Management200▲ 30×5 topics
- Sustainable Energy198▲ 13×4 topics
- Social Capital197▲ 4.7×20 topics
- Economic Assessment191▲ 87×2 topics
- Environmental Challenge191▲ 193×1 topic
- Water Hyacinth191▲ 193×1 topic
- Economic Growth179▲ 2.7×31 topics
- Economic Development171▲ 2.7×40 topics
- Food Security166▲ 3.8×21 topics
- Poverty Reduction159▲ 15×6 topics
- Pheromones142▲ 33×3 topics
- Genetic Diversity140▲ 4.0×21 topics
- Chemical Ecology139▲ 182×1 topic
- Odor Source Localization139▲ 182×1 topic
- Antiretroviral Therapy136▲ 10×6 topics
- Maternal Mortality132▲ 7.3×5 topics
- Vaccine132▲ 4.1×11 topics
- Community Health Workers121▲ 17×2 topics
- Health Inequalities114▲ 12×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors111▲ 12×3 topics
- Child Mortality109▲ 19×1 topic
- Health Systems109▲ 19×1 topic
- Morphology106▲ 7.4×9 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Tanzania has out-published Zambia every year since 1980.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Tanzania or Zambia?
Tanzania publishes 2.6× as much research as Zambia in 2022-now (17k against 6.6k fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Tanzania or Zambia?
7.7% of Tanzania's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 5.9% for Zambia.
Is Tanzania or Zambia growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +101% against 2018-21 for Tanzania, and +97% for Zambia.
Which has more open access research, Tanzania or Zambia?
71% of Zambia's research is free to read, against 69% of Tanzania's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Tanzania or Zambia?
Tanzania holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Zambia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Tanzania
- 1University of Dar es Salaam7.5% top 10% · 2.6k works
- 2The University of Dodoma12.5% top 10% · 1.8k works
- 3Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences8.3% top 10% · 928 works
- 4Mzumbe University8.5% top 10% · 684 works
- 5Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology11.1% top 10% · 566 works
- 6Mbeya University of Science and Technology7.2% top 10% · 439 works
Zambia
- 1University of Zambia4.1% top 10% · 3k works
- 2Copperbelt University9.9% top 10% · 442 works
- 3University of Lusaka7.1% top 10% · 297 works
- 4Kwame Nkrumah University5.9% top 10% · 419 works
- 5University Teaching Hospital4.8% top 10% · 423 works
- 6Mulungushi University7.8% top 10% · 196 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Tanzania
- 1 Andrew R. Williamson #1,536 worldwide 85k citations · 325 works
- 2 Audax Z. P. Mabulla #25,355 worldwide 9.3k citations · 201 works
- 3 Susan F. Rumisha #33,455 worldwide 37k citations · 167 works
- 4 Gerry F. Killeen #34,603 worldwide 16k citations · 207 works
- 5 Fredros O. Okumu #46,417 worldwide 6.3k citations · 186 works
Zambia
- 1 Ramasamy Subbaiya #37,734 worldwide 6.1k citations · 110 works
- 2 Matthew Bates #121,851 worldwide 9.2k citations · 157 works
- 3 Duncan M Chanda #189,837 worldwide 4.7k citations · 83 works
- 4 Enock Siankwilimba #204,647 worldwide 585 citations · 58 works
- 5 Monde Muyoyeta #219,462 worldwide 3.4k citations · 135 works