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Company · Cleveland · United States

Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)

clevelandcliffs.comROR OpenAlex
World rank, all time
#29,461
of 34,923
Rank in United States
#6,197
of 7,310
Research works
136
▲ 93% vs 2018-21
Citations
3.8k
27.8 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
3.7%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.89×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
25%
world 40%
International
9%
world 18%
Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)

Which fields of science does Cleveland-Cliffs (United States) work in?

In all years, 63% of research at Cleveland-Cliffs (United States) is in Physical Sciences, 20% in Social Sciences. Its largest fields are Engineering (29%), Social Sciences (10%), Computer Science (8%). It does 1.5× the world's share of Physical Sciences.

Physical Sciences: 86 fractional works · 63.2% of its workEngineering: 39 fractional works · 28.7% of its workMechanical Engineering: 13 fractional works · 9.9% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 5 fractional works · 4.0% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 4 fractional works · 2.7% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 3 fractional works · 2.5% of its workMechanics of Materials: 3 fractional works · 2.2% of its workOcean Engineering: 3 fractional works · 2.2% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 2 fractional works · 1.3% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workAerospace Engineering: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workBuilding and Construction: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workComputational Mechanics: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workComputer Science: 11 fractional works · 8.1% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 3 fractional works · 2.5% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 2 fractional works · 1.7% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 2 fractional works · 1.3% of its workInformation Systems: 2 fractional works · 1.1% of its workHardware and Architecture: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSoftware: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHuman-Computer Interaction: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 8 fractional works · 6.2% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 4 fractional works · 2.9% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 3 fractional works · 1.9% of its workAstronomy and Astrophysics: 2 fractional works · 1.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 7 fractional works · 5.1% of its workGeophysics: 2 fractional works · 1.3% of its workGeochemistry and Petrology: 2 fractional works · 1.2% of its workAtmospheric Science: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workEarth-Surface Processes: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPaleontology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGeology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Science: 7 fractional works · 5.1% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 3 fractional works · 2.0% of its workEcology: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workWater Science and Technology: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemistry: 5 fractional works · 3.6% of its workPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry: 3 fractional works · 2.1% of its workSpectroscopy: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workInorganic Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workElectrochemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workMaterials Science: 5 fractional works · 3.5% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 3 fractional works · 2.5% of its workElectronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMathematics: 3 fractional works · 2.1% of its workDiscrete Mathematics and Combinatorics: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeometry and Topology: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAlgebra and Number Theory: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMathematical Physics: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workNumerical Analysis: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnergy: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workSocial Sciences: 27 fractional works · 19.8% of its workSocial Sciences: 13 fractional works · 9.7% of its workEducation: 5 fractional works · 3.6% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 3 fractional works · 2.2% of its workSociology and Political Science: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workLibrary and Information Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workLinguistics and Language: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workAnthropology: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workTransportation: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workArts and Humanities: 4 fractional works · 3.1% of its workHistory and Philosophy of Science: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workArcheology: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workHistory: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPhilosophy: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPsychology: 4 fractional works · 2.9% of its workSocial Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workApplied Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workClinical Psychology: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workGeneral Psychology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 3 fractional works · 2.4% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 2 fractional works · 1.2% of its workStrategy and Management: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workDecision Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 1 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workHealth Sciences: 15 fractional works · 10.9% of its workMedicine: 9 fractional works · 6.5% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 2 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSurgery: 1 fractional works · 0.9% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 1 fractional works · 0.7% of its workEpidemiology: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNeurology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEmergency Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workOrthopedics and Sports Medicine: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysiology: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workRehabilitation: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workHealth Professions: 5 fractional works · 3.7% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workHealth Information Management: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMedical Laboratory Technology: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPhysical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPharmacy: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSpeech and Hearing: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workDentistry: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOral Surgery: 0 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workNursing: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workIssues, ethics and legal aspects: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workLife Sciences: 8 fractional works · 6.1% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 3 fractional works · 2.5% of its workMolecular Biology: 3 fractional works · 2.3% of its workBiophysics: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 3 fractional works · 2.5% of its workPlant Science: 2 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSoil Science: 1 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workInsect Science: 0 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workNeuroscience: 1 fractional works · 1.0% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 1 fractional works · 0.6% of its workCellular and Molecular Neuroscience: 0 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKCleveland-Cliffs(United States)136fractional works, all years
Life Sciences6%Physical Sciences63%Health Sciences11%Social Sciences20%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in all years. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 23 fields, with their numbers
    1. Engineering3928.7%
    2. Computer Science118.1%
    3. Physics and Astronomy86.2%
    4. Earth and Planetary Sciences75.1%
    5. Environmental Science75.1%
    6. Chemistry53.6%
    7. Materials Science53.5%
    8. Mathematics32.1%
    9. Energy11.0%
    1. Social Sciences139.7%
    2. Arts and Humanities43.1%
    3. Psychology42.9%
    4. Business, Management and Accounting32.4%
    5. Decision Sciences10.9%
    6. Economics, Econometrics and Finance10.9%
    1. Medicine96.5%
    2. Health Professions53.7%
    3. Dentistry10.4%
    4. Nursing10.4%
    1. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology32.5%
    2. Agricultural and Biological Sciences32.5%
    3. Neuroscience11.0%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology00.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.26× its world share, 0 worksAgricultural and Bio…Neuroscience: 0.93× its world share, 0 worksNeuroscienceComputer Science: 0.12× its world share, 0 worksComputer ScienceEngineering: 4.74× its world share, 12 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.41× its world share, 0 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 1.97× its world share, 1 worksMaterials ScienceHealth Professions: 0.38× its world share, 0 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.01× its world share, 0 worksMedicineArts and Humanities: 1.40× its world share, 1 worksArts and HumanitiesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 2.83× its world share, 1 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.33× its world share, 1 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.08× its world share, 0 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Engineering, 4.7×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 12 fields, with their numbers
  1. Engineering4.74×12 works
  2. Economics, Econometrics and Finance2.83×1 works
  3. Materials Science1.97×1 works
  4. Arts and Humanities1.40×1 works
  5. Psychology1.33×1 works
  6. Neuroscience0.93×0 works
  7. Environmental Science0.41×0 works
  8. Health Professions0.38×0 works
  9. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.26×0 works
  10. Computer Science0.12×0 works
  11. Social Sciences0.08×0 works
  12. Medicine0.01×0 works

Who are the top researchers at Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)?

Ranked on the quality score, Penry Lewis, L. G. Chandler and Clyde Max Bauer lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Cleveland-Cliffs (United States).

  1. 1 Penry Lewis United States · #2,395,253 worldwide 15 citations · 85 works
  2. 2 L. G. Chandler United States · #2,930,144 worldwide 55 citations · 44 works
  3. 3 Clyde Max Bauer United States · #3,097,146 worldwide 45 citations · 22 works
All ranked researchers at Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)

What are the most cited papers from Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)?

The most cited paper from Cleveland-Cliffs (United States) is "Megascopic Eukaryotic Algae from the 2.1-Billion-Year-Old Negaunee Iron-Formation, Michigan" (Tsu-Ming Han, Bruce N. Runnegar, 1992), with 468 citations. Next come "Assessing the Vulnerability of Coastal Communities to Extreme Storms: The Case of Revere, MA., USA" (381) and "The Transit Light Curve Project. IX. Evidence for a Smaller Radius of the Exoplanet XO‐3b" (327).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Megascopic Eukaryotic Algae from the 2.1-Billion-Year-Old Negaunee Iron-Formation, Michigan Tsu-Ming Han, Bruce N. Runnegar · Science 10 Jul 1992 468
2 Assessing the Vulnerability of Coastal Communities to Extreme Storms: The Case of Revere, MA., USA George E. Clark, Susanne C. Moser, Samuel J. Ratick et al. · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 1998 381
3 The Transit Light Curve Project. IX. Evidence for a Smaller Radius of the Exoplanet XO‐3b Joshua N. Winn, Matthew J. Holman, Guillermo Torres et al. · The Astrophysical Journal Open access 19 Aug 2008 327
4 Numerical Methods for Physics Alejandro L. Garcia, A. John Mallinckrodt · Computers in Physics Feb 1995 299
5 Finite Elements for Structural Analysis William Weaver, Paul R. Johnston, Andrew S. Douglas · Journal of Applied Mechanics Open access Sep 1984 203
All 61 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)?

By fractional works in all years, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Lithium-ion Batteries, Thermal Management, Microstructure, Battery Management Systems, Thermal Runaway, Energy Efficiency, Grain Refinement and Machine Learning.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in all years in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning5▲ 1.74×11 topics
  2. Lithium-ion Batteries4▲ 13×3 topics
  3. Microstructure4▲ 6.1×7 topics
  4. Sustainability4▲ 1.75×9 topics
  5. Energy Efficiency4▲ 3.7×5 topics
  6. Thermal Management4▲ 9.7×2 topics
  7. Battery Management Systems4▲ 34×1 topic
  8. Thermal Runaway4▲ 34×1 topic
  9. Remote Sensing3▲ 2.2×8 topics
  10. Energy Storage3▲ 4.9×3 topics
  11. Grain Refinement3▲ 14×2 topics
  12. High-Strength Steels2▲ 37×1 topic
  13. Martensite Transformation2▲ 37×1 topic
  14. Data Analysis2▲ 4.9×2 topics
  15. Human Resource Management2▲ 17×2 topics
  16. Microstructural Evolution2▲ 9.6×4 topics
  17. STEM Education2▲ 5.7×2 topics
  18. Teacher Preparation2▲ 22×2 topics
  19. Leadership2▲ 4.4×6 topics
  20. Cathode Materials2▲ 6.9×2 topics
  21. Cultural Diversity2▲ 7.8×2 topics
  22. Inquiry-Based Teaching2▲ 63×1 topic
  23. Medical Education2▲ 6.2×3 topics
  24. Rechargeable Batteries2▲ 10×2 topics
  25. Scientific Literacy2▲ 63×1 topic
  26. Experimental Tools2▲ 59×1 topic
  27. Iron Oxides2▲ 76×1 topic
  28. Python2▲ 66×1 topic
  29. Reduction Kinetics2▲ 76×1 topic
  30. Scientific Computing2▲ 66×1 topic
  31. Smartphones2▲ 36×1 topic
  32. Tectonics2▲ 8.4×3 topics
  33. Electrical Properties2▲ 7.9×2 topics
  34. Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries2▲ 25×1 topic
  35. Bell Inequality2▲ 26×1 topic
  36. Decoherence2▲ 26×1 topic
  37. Zinc Anode2▲ 25×1 topic
  38. Constitutive Modeling2▲ 13×2 topics
  39. Oxidation Behavior2▲ 19×2 topics
  40. Waste Utilization2▲ 19×2 topics

Which research topics does Cleveland-Cliffs (United States) publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels, Metal Forming Simulation Techniques, Metallurgy and Material Forming and Advanced Battery Technologies Research.

Microstructure and Mecha…2Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels: 2 fractional worksMetal Forming Simulation Techniques: 2 fractional worksMetallurgy and Material Forming: 1 fractional worksAdvanced Battery Technologies Research: 1 fractional worksMetal Alloys Wear and Properties: 1 fractional worksMetallurgical Processes …1Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics: 1 fractional worksSuperconducting Materials and Applications: 0 fractional worksElectric Motor Design and Analysis: 0 fractional worksAluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties: 0 fractional worksEngineering Structural Analysis Methods: 0 fractional works
Mechanical EngineeringMechanics of MaterialsAutomotive EngineeringMaterials Chemistry3 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels Mechanical Engineering 2 works
  2. 2 Metal Forming Simulation Techniques Mechanical Engineering 2 works
  3. 3 Metallurgy and Material Forming Mechanics of Materials 1 works
  4. 4 Advanced Battery Technologies Research Automotive Engineering 1 works
  5. 5 Metal Alloys Wear and Properties Materials Chemistry 1 works
  6. 6 Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics Mechanical Engineering 1 works
  7. 7 Superconducting Materials and Applications Biomedical Engineering 0 works
  8. 8 Electric Motor Design and Analysis Electrical and Electronic Engineering 0 works
  9. 9 Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties Aerospace Engineering 0 works
  10. 10 Engineering Structural Analysis Methods Mechanical Engineering 0 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available24.7%not open75.3%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors8.7%domestic only91.3%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)'s research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 93% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Cleveland-Cliffs (United States) as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.00012% in 2024.

still counting0.0010%0.0020%0.0030%Cleveland-Cliffs (United States)0.000031% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Cleveland-Cliffs (United States) over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

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Cleveland-Cliffs (United States) on Science Explorer

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