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Nonprofit · San Francisco · United States

Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute

In research, Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute stands highest in Health Sciences (#1,075 of 9,902 worldwide), Medicine (#1,223 of 8,541 worldwide) and Life Sciences (#2,494 of 6,403 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Ophthalmology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging and Cognitive Neuroscience (Ophthalmology is 73.0× its share of world research).

ski.orgROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#5,231
of 22,385 · #3,485 all time
Rank in United States
#710
of 3,332
Research works
3.7k
▼ 37% vs 2018-21
Citations
119k
32.4 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
12.7%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
1.08×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
41%
world 40%
International
20%
world 18%
Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute

What is Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Health SciencesDomain #1,075 of 9,902 16.7%195 #860
MedicineField #1,223 of 8,541 16.7%189 #999
Life SciencesDomain #2,494 of 6,403 6.7%102 #2781
OphthalmologySubfield #75 of 146 19.2%66 #95

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which of those standings moved

The same fields on both windows: where it stood over the whole record, and where it stands in 2022-now. The distance is the story, and it is the one thing the two rank columns above cannot show.

  1. Health Sciences#860 #1,075
  2. Medicine#999 #1,223
  3. Life Sciences#2,781 #2,494
  4. Ophthalmology#95 #75
all time2022-now, better2022-now, worse

A dot further right is a better standing. Fields it was not ranked in over the whole record are left out.

Which fields of science does Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute work in?

In 2022-now, 57% of research at Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute is in Health Sciences, 29% in Life Sciences. Its largest fields are Medicine (55%), Neuroscience (14%), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (12%). It does 2.4× the world's share of Health Sciences.

Health Sciences: 213 fractional works · 57.3% of its workMedicine: 206 fractional works · 55.3% of its workOphthalmology: 72 fractional works · 19.5% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 47 fractional works · 12.5% of its workEpidemiology: 22 fractional works · 5.8% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 12 fractional works · 3.4% of its workNeurology: 6 fractional works · 1.7% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 4 fractional works · 1.2% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 4 fractional works · 1.2% of its workPhysiology: 4 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSurgery: 4 fractional works · 1.0% of its workDermatology: 3 fractional works · 0.9% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 3 fractional works · 0.8% of its workOncology: 3 fractional works · 0.8% of its workRheumatology: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth Informatics: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workInfectious Diseases: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGenetics: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHematology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workRehabilitation: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 4 fractional works · 1.2% of its workHealth Professions: 6 fractional works · 1.6% of its workPhysical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workDentistry: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workNursing: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workVeterinary: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workLife Sciences: 109 fractional works · 29.2% of its workNeuroscience: 52 fractional works · 14.1% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 33 fractional works · 8.9% of its workCellular and Molecular Neuroscience: 8 fractional works · 2.3% of its workNeurology: 8 fractional works · 2.2% of its workDevelopmental Neuroscience: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSensory Systems: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEndocrine and Autonomic Systems: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 46 fractional works · 12.3% of its workMolecular Biology: 32 fractional works · 8.5% of its workGenetics: 6 fractional works · 1.5% of its workCell Biology: 4 fractional works · 1.0% of its workClinical Biochemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCancer Research: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysiology: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 8 fractional works · 2.1% of its workImmunology: 6 fractional works · 1.6% of its workMicrobiology: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPharmaceutical Science: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysical Sciences: 36 fractional works · 9.7% of its workComputer Science: 17 fractional works · 4.6% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 6 fractional works · 1.7% of its workHuman-Computer Interaction: 6 fractional works · 1.6% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 4 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEngineering: 12 fractional works · 3.3% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMedia Technology: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAerospace Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMaterials Science: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workBiomaterials: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGeology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnvironmental Science: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMathematics: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workSocial Sciences: 14 fractional works · 3.8% of its workPsychology: 8 fractional works · 2.2% of its workSocial Psychology: 3 fractional works · 0.9% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSocial Sciences: 4 fractional works · 1.0% of its workGender Studies: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workArts and Humanities: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDecision Sciences: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKSmith-KettlewellEye Research…372fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences29%Physical Sciences10%Health Sciences57%Social Sciences4%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 25 fields, with their numbers
    1. Medicine20655.3%
    2. Health Professions61.6%
    3. Dentistry10.2%
    4. Nursing10.1%
    5. Veterinary00.0%
    1. Neuroscience5214.1%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology4612.3%
    3. Immunology and Microbiology82.1%
    4. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics20.5%
    5. Agricultural and Biological Sciences10.2%
    1. Computer Science174.6%
    2. Engineering123.3%
    3. Materials Science30.7%
    4. Earth and Planetary Sciences10.3%
    5. Physics and Astronomy10.2%
    6. Environmental Science10.2%
    7. Mathematics10.2%
    8. Chemistry10.1%
    9. Chemical Engineering00.0%
    1. Psychology82.2%
    2. Social Sciences41.0%
    3. Economics, Econometrics and Finance10.2%
    4. Arts and Humanities10.2%
    5. Business, Management and Accounting00.1%
    6. Decision Sciences00.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What does Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute specialise in?

Where its research is concentrated relative to its size: Ophthalmology takes 73.0× the share of its output that it takes of world research.

  1. OphthalmologySubfield · 72.4 works73×
  2. Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and ImagingSubfield · 46.6 works14×
  3. Cognitive NeuroscienceSubfield · 33.0 works12×
  4. NeuroscienceField · 52.4 works8.7×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient, a volume reading rather than an impact one. It surfaces small, lopsided specialities.

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.05× its world share, 1 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 2.31× its world share, 46 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 2.10× its world share, 8 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 8.68× its world share, 52 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 1.35× its world share, 2 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.02× its world share, 0 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.09× its world share, 0 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.59× its world share, 17 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.21× its world share, 1 worksEarth and Planetary …Engineering: 0.22× its world share, 12 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.04× its world share, 1 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.21× its world share, 3 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.13× its world share, 1 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.11× its world share, 1 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 0.42× its world share, 1 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 0.60× its world share, 6 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 2.88× its world share, 206 worksMedicineNursing: 0.30× its world share, 1 worksNursingVeterinary: 0.26× its world share, 0 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 0.05× its world share, 1 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.03× its world share, 0 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 0.10× its world share, 0 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 0.10× its world share, 1 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 0.72× its world share, 8 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.08× its world share, 4 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Neuroscience, 8.7×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 25 fields, with their numbers
  1. Neuroscience8.68×52 works
  2. Medicine2.88×206 works
  3. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology2.31×46 works
  4. Immunology and Microbiology2.10×8 works
  5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics1.35×2 works
  6. Psychology0.72×8 works
  7. Health Professions0.60×6 works
  8. Computer Science0.59×17 works
  9. Dentistry0.42×1 works
  10. Nursing0.30×1 works
  11. Veterinary0.26×0 works
  12. Engineering0.22×12 works
  13. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.21×1 works
  14. Materials Science0.21×3 works
  15. Mathematics0.13×1 works
  16. Physics and Astronomy0.11×1 works
  17. Decision Sciences0.10×0 works
  18. Economics, Econometrics and Finance0.10×1 works
  19. Chemistry0.09×0 works
  20. Social Sciences0.08×4 works
  21. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.05×1 works
  22. Arts and Humanities0.05×1 works
  23. Environmental Science0.04×1 works
  24. Business, Management and Accounting0.03×0 works
  25. Chemical Engineering0.02×0 works

Who are the top researchers at Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute?

Ranked on the quality score, David Wirta, François C. Delori and D. Max Snodderly lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute.

  1. 1 David Wirta United States · #161,138 worldwide 1.9k citations · 58 works
  2. 2 François C. Delori United States · #202,120 worldwide 6.5k citations · 79 works
  3. 3 D. Max Snodderly United States · #205,896 worldwide 9.9k citations · 118 works
  4. 4 Laura A. Walker United States · #211,255 worldwide 7.3k citations · 117 works
  5. 5 Magali Saint‐Geniez United States · #415,387 worldwide 6.6k citations · 130 works
  6. 6 Marshall G. Doane United States · #473,487 worldwide 2.6k citations · 38 works
  7. 7 Tony E. Walshe United States · #474,806 worldwide 2.9k citations · 47 works
  8. 8 Nancy Cahill Joyce United States · #524,106 worldwide 5.5k citations · 82 works
  9. 9 E.L. Keller United States · #537,475 worldwide 4.8k citations · 62 works
  10. 10 James D. Zieske United States · #577,648 worldwide 8.8k citations · 145 works
All ranked researchers at Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute

What are the most cited papers from Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute?

The most cited paper from Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute is "The practical implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in medicine" (Jianxing He, Sally L. Baxter, Jie Xu et al., 2018), with 2,319 citations. Next come "Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019" (2,100) and "Region competition: unifying snakes, region growing, and Bayes/MDL for multiband image segmentation" (1,922).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 The practical implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in medicine Jianxing He, Sally L. Baxter, Jie Xu et al. · Nature Medicine Open access 24 Dec 2018 2,319
2 Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019 Jonathan Kocarnik et al. · JAMA Oncology Open access601 authors 30 Dec 2021 2,100
3 Region competition: unifying snakes, region growing, and Bayes/MDL for multiband image segmentation Song Chun Zhu, Alan Yuille · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 1996 1,922
4 Soluble endoglin contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia Shivalingappa Venkatesha, Mourad Toporsian, Chun Sing Lam et al. · Nature Medicine Jun 2006 1,865
5 TFOS DEWS II pathophysiology report Anthony J. Bron, Cintia Sade de Paiva, Sunil K. Chauhan et al. · The Ocular Surface Jul 2017 1,822
All 59 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Macular Degeneration, Glaucoma, Diabetic Retinopathy, Epidemiology, Optic Nerve, Intraocular Pressure, Inflammation and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology48▲ 3.2×48 topics
  2. Macular Degeneration47▲ 103×3 topics
  3. Inflammation37▲ 4.6×46 topics
  4. Glaucoma35▲ 63×4 topics
  5. Diabetic Retinopathy34▲ 91×2 topics
  6. Oxidative Stress31▲ 5.1×31 topics
  7. Optic Nerve31▲ 85×2 topics
  8. Intraocular Pressure30▲ 92×2 topics
  9. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor29▲ 87×3 topics
  10. Intravitreal Injection27▲ 99×2 topics
  11. Optical Coherence Tomography27▲ 72×3 topics
  12. Neurodegeneration25▲ 22×9 topics
  13. Myopia24▲ 97×2 topics
  14. Choroidal Thickness23▲ 112×1 topic
  15. Retinal Pigment Epithelium23▲ 112×1 topic
  16. Risk Factors23▲ 5.5×11 topics
  17. Retinal Ganglion Cells20▲ 49×3 topics
  18. Ocular Hypertension19▲ 102×1 topic
  19. Visual Field Progression19▲ 102×1 topic
  20. Visual Impairment19▲ 93×2 topics
  21. Global Prevalence18▲ 50×2 topics
  22. Childhood Myopia18▲ 111×1 topic
  23. Refractive Error18▲ 111×1 topic
  24. Cortical Connectivity17▲ 106×2 topics
  25. Neural Processing16▲ 72×2 topics
  26. Perceptual Learning16▲ 84×1 topic
  27. Visual Perception16▲ 175×1 topic
  28. Gene Therapy15▲ 21×5 topics
  29. Wound Healing14▲ 14×10 topics
  30. Retinal Stem Cells13▲ 159×1 topic
  31. Retinitis Pigmentosa13▲ 159×1 topic
  32. Tissue Engineering13▲ 5.8×10 topics
  33. Stem Cell Therapy12▲ 34×3 topics
  34. Cardiovascular Risk12▲ 9.9×5 topics
  35. Retinal Disease11▲ 61×1 topic
  36. Vessel Segmentation11▲ 66×1 topic
  37. Corneal Regeneration11▲ 109×1 topic
  38. Limbal Stem Cells11▲ 109×1 topic
  39. Inflammatory Cytokines11▲ 34×2 topics
  40. Dry Eye Disease11▲ 87×1 topic

Which research topics does Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Retinal Diseases and Treatments, Glaucoma and retinal disorders, Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies and Visual perception and processing mechanisms.

Retinal Diseases and Tre…23Retinal Diseases and Treatments: 23 fractional worksGlaucoma and retinal dis…19Glaucoma and retinal disorders: 19 fractional worksOphthalmology and Visual…18Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies: 18 fractional worksVisual perception and pr…16Visual perception and processing mechanisms: 16 fractional worksRetinal Development and Disorders: 13 fractional worksRetinal Imaging and Analysis: 11 fractional worksCorneal Surgery and Trea…11Corneal Surgery and Treatments: 11 fractional worksOcular Surface and Conta…11Ocular Surface and Contact Lens: 11 fractional worksCorneal surgery and diso…11Corneal surgery and disorders: 11 fractional worksOcular Diseases and Behç…8Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome: 8 fractional works
OphthalmologyEpidemiologyCognitive NeuroscienceMolecular Biology2 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Retinal Diseases and Treatments Ophthalmology 23 works
  2. 2 Glaucoma and retinal disorders Ophthalmology 19 works
  3. 3 Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies Epidemiology 18 works
  4. 4 Visual perception and processing mechanisms Cognitive Neuroscience 16 works
  5. 5 Retinal Development and Disorders Molecular Biology 13 works
  6. 6 Retinal Imaging and Analysis Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging 11 works
  7. 7 Corneal Surgery and Treatments Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging 11 works
  8. 8 Ocular Surface and Contact Lens Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health 11 works
  9. 9 Corneal surgery and disorders Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging 11 works
  10. 10 Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome Ophthalmology 8 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available41.1%not open58.9%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors19.6%domestic only80.4%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 37% lower than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0016% in 2024.

still counting0.0050%0.010%Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute0.0012% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting10%20%Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute11.1% in 2025all institutions10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 19.2% in 2001.

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Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute on Science Explorer

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