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Topic · Microbiology

Bacterial Infections and Vaccines

Bacterial Infections and Vaccines is a research topic within Microbiology. Science Explorer counts 29k research works in it since 1950. 10.1% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical management of bacterial meningitis, with a specific emphasis on Neisseria meningitidis and pertussis. It covers topics such as vaccine development, outer membrane vesicles, immunity, molecular mechanisms of infection, and global epidemiology.

  • Bacterial Meningitis
  • Neisseria meningitidis
  • Vaccine
  • Outer Membrane Vesicles
  • Pathogenesis
  • Epidemiology
  • Pertussis
  • Immunity
  • Molecular Mechanisms
  • Clinical Management
Research works
29k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
3k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.1%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+7%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
30% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Bacterial Infections and Vaccines

Which countries lead Bacterial Infections and Vaccines research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (963 and 768 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 963 works
  2. 2 China 768 works
  3. 3 India 292 works
  4. 4 United Kingdom 247 works
  5. 5 France 221 works
  6. 6 Japan 188 works
  7. 7 Australia 152 works
  8. 8 Italy 144 works
  9. 9 Spain 142 works
  10. 10 Germany 138 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 29.6%China: 23.6%India: 9.0%United Kingdom: 7.6%6 others listed: 30.3%30%largest
United States963 · 29.6%China768 · 23.6%India292 · 9.0%United Kingdom247 · 7.6%6 others listed986 · 30.3%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Bacterial Infections and Vaccines research?

By volume in 2022-now, Capital Medical University publishes the most Bacterial Infections and Vaccines research, followed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Harvard University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Capital Medical UniversityChina 29 works
  2. 2 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 29 works
  3. 3 Harvard UniversityUnited States 29 works
  4. 4 GlaxoSmithKline (United Kingdom)United Kingdom 27 works
  5. 5 InsermFrance 26 works
  6. 6 All India Institute of Medical SciencesIndia 25 works
  7. 7 United States Department of Health and Human ServicesUnited States 25 works
  8. 8 Institut PasteurFrance 23 works
  9. 9 Zhejiang UniversityChina 23 works
  10. 10 Pfizer (United States)United States 22 works

Who are the leading researchers in Bacterial Infections and Vaccines?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Bacterial Infections and Vaccines include Christopher J L Murray, Simon Iain Hay and Theo Vos.

  1. 1 Christopher J L Murray United States 583k citations
  2. 2 Simon Iain Hay United States 452k citations
  3. 3 Theo Vos United States 439k citations
  4. 4 Ali H. Mokdad United States 429k citations
  5. 5 Steven L. Salzberg United States 372k citations
  6. 6 Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta Pakistan 371k citations
  7. 7 Shizuo Akira Japan 342k citations
  8. 8 Valery L. Feigin New Zealand 341k citations
  9. 9 Matthias Egger Switzerland 326k citations
  10. 10 Mika Kivimäki United Kingdom 318k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Bacterial Infections and Vaccines?

The most cited paper in Bacterial Infections and Vaccines is "Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Kill Bacteria" (Volker Brinkmann, Ulrike Reichard, Christian Goosmann et al., 2004), with 10,383 citations. Next come "Multilocus sequence typing: A portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms" (3,872) and "Genome analysis of multiple pathogenic isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae : Implications for the microbial “pan-genome”" (2,773).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Kill Bacteria Volker Brinkmann, Ulrike Reichard, Christian Goosmann et al. · Science 4 Mar 2004 10,383
2 Multilocus sequence typing: A portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms Martin C. J. Maiden, Jane A. Bygraves, Edward J. Feil et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open access 17 Mar 1998 3,872
3 Genome analysis of multiple pathogenic isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae : Implications for the microbial “pan-genome” Hervé Tettelin et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Open access 19 Sep 2005 2,773
4 BIGSdb: Scalable analysis of bacterial genome variation at the population level Keith A. Jolley, Martin C. J. Maiden · BMC Bioinformatics Open access Dec 2010 2,494
5 Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: global estimates Katherine L. O'Flynn O'Brien, Lara J. Wolfson, James Watt et al. · The Lancet Sep 2009 2,455
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Bacterial Infections and Vaccines research done?

The largest centres of Bacterial Infections and Vaccines research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Paris (France), London (United Kingdom) and Shanghai (China).

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 121 works
  2. 2 ParisFrance 108 works
  3. 3 LondonUnited Kingdom 88 works
  4. 4 ShanghaiChina 59 works
  5. 5 TokyoJapan 54 works
  6. 6 HangzhouChina 49 works
  7. 7 MoscowRussia 49 works
  8. 8 GuangzhouChina 48 works
  9. 9 New YorkUnited States 46 works
  10. 10 MadridSpain 46 works
See Bacterial Infections and Vaccines on the map

Where is the best place to study Bacterial Infections and Vaccines?

Among universities, judged by research, Southern Medical University, Sichuan University and Harvard University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 20.12%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Southern Medical Uni…Sichuan UniversityHarvard UniversityCapital Medical Univ…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Southern Medical UniversityChina 68.038.1%4.6×13 +163.3%
2Sichuan UniversityChina 67.827.8%2.1×21 +166.4%
3Harvard UniversityUnited States 61.120.9%2.0×29 -21.4%
4Capital Medical UniversityChina 58.914.6%6.1×29 +8.8%
5Zhejiang UniversityChina 56.818.3%1.9×23 +28.7%
6Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 54.421.9%1.3×16 +49.8%
7Université Paris CitéFrance 54.09.9%6.5×22 +37.8%
8University of OxfordUnited Kingdom 53.210.6%3.3×21 -24.5%
9Rochester Institute of TechnologyUnited States 49.324.4%14.8×8 +120.2%
10Fudan UniversityChina 48.314.7%2.4×17 +132.3%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Bacterial Infections and Vaccines, country by country

Is Bacterial Infections and Vaccines research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 7% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Bacterial Infections and Vaccines.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Bacterial Infections and Vaccines as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.018% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%0.060%Bacterial Infections and Vaccines0.022% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Bacterial Infections and Vaccines over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Bacterial Infections and Vaccines10.2% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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