Albania vs Croatia
On research quality in 2022-now, Croatia ranks #52 in the world and Albania #134, of 189 countries. Albania stands higher in 0 of the 23 fields both publish in, Croatia in 23.
Research profiles alike: 0.80very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Albania
- World rank, 2022-now
- #134
- #167 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 6.1k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 5.7%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 75%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: General Energy, Space and Planetary Science, Cultural Studies.
Croatia
- World rank, 2022-now
- #52
- #59 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 38k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 6.5%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 61%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Industrial relations, Library and Information Sciences, Space and Planetary Science.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Croatia leads on 5 of 9 measures: research quality, citation excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate and citations per work. Albania leads on 3 of 9 measures: open access, international co-authorship and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #134Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#52
- 0.48×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.76×
- 6.1kOutputfractional works, 2022-now38k
- 5.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited6.5%
- 4.9Citations per workall time, per fractional work8.2
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 75%Open accessof its works free to read, all time61%
- 25%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time16%
- +64%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+2%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Albania stands higher in 0 of 23 fields, Croatia in 23. Croatia leads most in Medicine (#54 against #140). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- #108Agricultural and Biological Sciences#54
- #84Arts and Humanities#51
- -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#51
- #98Business, Management and Accounting#47
- -Chemistry#47
- #114Computer Science#61
- -Decision Sciences#49
- -Dentistry#38
- -Earth and Planetary Sciences#48
- #86Economics, Econometrics and Finance#48
- -Energy#45
- #94Engineering#56
- #100Environmental Science#62
- #89Health Professions#65
- -Immunology and Microbiology#43
- -Materials Science#49
- -Mathematics#53
- #140Medicine#54
- -Neuroscience#53
- -Nursing#43
- -Physics and Astronomy#44
- #96Psychology#52
- #105Social Sciences#69
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Albania rank | Croatia rank | Albania top 10% | Croatia top 10% | Albania works | Croatia works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | #108 | #54 | 7.9% | 9.1% | 230 | 1.8k |
| Arts and Humanities | #84 | #51 | 6.0% | 4.9% | 339 | 2.4k |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | - | #51 | - | 7.2% | - | 1.5k |
| Business, Management and Accounting | #98 | #47 | 6.0% | 8.5% | 379 | 1.3k |
| Chemistry | - | #47 | - | 6.3% | - | 490 |
| Computer Science | #114 | #61 | 5.5% | 7.8% | 428 | 2.2k |
| Decision Sciences | - | #49 | - | 8.2% | - | 374 |
| Dentistry | - | #38 | - | 12.7% | - | 294 |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | - | #48 | - | 5.8% | - | 646 |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | #86 | #48 | 6.4% | 5.5% | 402 | 2.4k |
| Energy | - | #45 | - | 8.1% | - | 229 |
| Engineering | #94 | #56 | 4.0% | 6.2% | 413 | 4.3k |
| Environmental Science | #100 | #62 | 4.6% | 5.9% | 342 | 2.2k |
| Health Professions | #89 | #65 | 7.0% | 5.9% | 206 | 882 |
| Immunology and Microbiology | - | #43 | - | 7.9% | - | 314 |
| Materials Science | - | #49 | - | 5.4% | - | 691 |
| Mathematics | - | #53 | - | 5.2% | - | 443 |
| Medicine | #140 | #54 | 3.8% | 7.2% | 1.1k | 7.3k |
| Neuroscience | - | #53 | - | 5.7% | - | 473 |
| Nursing | - | #43 | - | 6.6% | - | 217 |
| Physics and Astronomy | - | #44 | - | 7.0% | - | 518 |
| Psychology | #96 | #52 | 3.9% | 5.5% | 232 | 1.5k |
| Social Sciences | #105 | #69 | 7.1% | 5.5% | 1.4k | 5.8k |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Albania
- Knowledge Economy
- European Legal Systems
- Constitutionalism
- Judicial Review
- Regional Development
- Social Capital
- Global Governance
- Governance
- European Union
- Post-war
- Innovation
- Memory
- Conflict
- Ethnicity
- Artificial Intelligence
- Nationalism
- Climate Change
- Machine Learning
- Sustainability
- Epidemiology
- Globalization
- Sustainable Development
- Human Rights
- Economic Growth
- Identity
- Religion
- Balkans
- Education
- Mental Health
- Renewable Energy
- Eastern Europe
- Yugoslavia
- Economic Development
- Democracy
- International Law
- Environmental Management
- Labor Market
- Fiscal Policy
- ECHR
- Geopolitics
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Globalization357▲ 2.5×125 topics
- Epidemiology302◆ 1.05×130 topics
- Sustainable Development292▲ 2.6×90 topics
- Sustainability290▲ 1.65×103 topics
- Human Rights262▲ 3.5×72 topics
- Machine Learning245◆ 1.02×87 topics
- Economic Growth231▲ 3.9×33 topics
- Climate Change228▲ 1.17×108 topics
- Identity211▲ 4.0×52 topics
- Nationalism194▲ 6.0×26 topics
- Religion172▲ 5.2×30 topics
- Artificial Intelligence168▲ 1.64×51 topics
- Balkans165▲ 99×2 topics
- Ethnicity165▲ 6.1×19 topics
- Education158▲ 1.28×97 topics
- Conflict158▲ 14×11 topics
- Mental Health152▲ 1.48×42 topics
- Memory152▲ 8.6×15 topics
- Renewable Energy151▲ 1.45×47 topics
- Innovation139▲ 1.86×65 topics
- Eastern Europe138▲ 37×2 topics
- Post-war136▲ 162×1 topic
- Yugoslavia136▲ 162×1 topic
- European Union126▲ 7.8×23 topics
- Economic Development120▲ 2.1×42 topics
- Governance117▲ 5.0×12 topics
- Democracy106▲ 4.2×19 topics
- Global Governance98▲ 5.7×22 topics
- International Law96▲ 4.2×24 topics
- Social Capital96▲ 2.6×18 topics
- Environmental Management90▲ 3.1×16 topics
- Regional Development89▲ 3.6×16 topics
- Labor Market80▲ 3.9×16 topics
- Judicial Review78▲ 13×3 topics
- Fiscal Policy76▲ 5.2×9 topics
- Constitutionalism67▲ 11×2 topics
- ECHR67▲ 27×1 topic
- European Legal Systems67▲ 27×1 topic
- Geopolitics64▲ 5.8×10 topics
- Knowledge Economy62▲ 8.0×9 topics
Croatia
- Youth Subcultures
- Cultural Integration
- Spirituality
- Integrated Management
- Water Resources Management
- Hydrological Analysis
- Environmental Policy
- Resilience
- Leadership Emergence
- Agricultural Sustainability
- Innovation Management
- Financial Performance
- Regional Development
- Religion
- Commercial Diplomacy
- Sovereign Debt Crises
- Nation-Building
- International Relations
- Climate Change
- Sustainable Development
- Epidemiology
- Sustainability
- Economic Growth
- International Trade
- Foreign Policy
- Negotiation
- Economic Diplomacy
- Artificial Intelligence
- Organizational Culture
- Ethics
- Small and Medium Enterprises
- Rural Tourism
- Identity
- Climate Change Impact
- Water Quality Monitoring
- Socio-economic Factors
- Global Water Resources
- Media
- Social Change
- Communication Technology
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology1,625◆ 0.95×139 topics
- Sustainable Development1,368▲ 2.0×105 topics
- Sustainability1,296▲ 1.23×127 topics
- Climate Change1,230◆ 1.05×124 topics
- Economic Growth1,129▲ 3.2×35 topics
- International Relations1,106▲ 11×28 topics
- International Trade1,024▲ 17×12 topics
- Nation-Building1,018▲ 45×4 topics
- Foreign Policy1,008▲ 62×4 topics
- Sovereign Debt Crises1,002▲ 58×2 topics
- Negotiation992▲ 65×4 topics
- Commercial Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
- Economic Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
- Religion893▲ 4.5×43 topics
- Artificial Intelligence889▲ 1.45×62 topics
- Regional Development810▲ 5.5×19 topics
- Organizational Culture800▲ 4.8×16 topics
- Financial Performance799▲ 3.3×16 topics
- Ethics774▲ 3.6×58 topics
- Innovation Management742▲ 11×9 topics
- Small and Medium Enterprises722▲ 9.5×10 topics
- Agricultural Sustainability716▲ 15×6 topics
- Rural Tourism696▲ 52×3 topics
- Leadership Emergence693▲ 117×1 topic
- Identity680▲ 2.2×75 topics
- Resilience629▲ 3.0×17 topics
- Climate Change Impact621▲ 6.3×8 topics
- Environmental Policy580▲ 6.7×14 topics
- Water Quality Monitoring549▲ 16×3 topics
- Hydrological Analysis530▲ 34×2 topics
- Socio-economic Factors524▲ 11×3 topics
- Water Resources Management523▲ 92×2 topics
- Global Water Resources517▲ 127×1 topic
- Integrated Management517▲ 127×1 topic
- Media478▲ 7.4×18 topics
- Spirituality468▲ 11×7 topics
- Social Change455▲ 8.6×19 topics
- Cultural Integration449▲ 4.9×3 topics
- Communication Technology422▲ 79×1 topic
- Youth Subcultures422▲ 79×1 topic
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Croatia has out-published Albania every year since 1980.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Albania or Croatia?
Croatia publishes 6.2× as much research as Albania in 2022-now (38k against 6.1k fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Albania or Croatia?
6.5% of Croatia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 5.7% for Albania.
Is Albania or Croatia growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +64% against 2018-21 for Albania, and +2% for Croatia.
Which has more open access research, Albania or Croatia?
75% of Albania's research is free to read, against 61% of Croatia's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Albania or Croatia?
Albania holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Croatia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Albania
- 1University of Tirana5.0% top 10% · 907 works
- 2Aleksandër Moisiu University8.3% top 10% · 693 works
- 3University of Arts7.6% top 10% · 253 works
- 4Polytechnic University of Tirana4.7% top 10% · 471 works
- 5Albanian University6.0% top 10% · 280 works
- 6University of Elbasan7.1% top 10% · 182 works
Croatia
- 1University of Zagreb6.5% top 10% · 14k works
- 2University of Split8.1% top 10% · 3.2k works
- 3University of Osijek7.3% top 10% · 2.8k works
- 4University of Rijeka7.2% top 10% · 3k works
- 5University North9.0% top 10% · 597 works
- 6Institut za filozofiju3.7% top 10% · 1.5k works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Albania
- 1 Enkeleint Aggelos Mechili #183,280 worldwide 15k citations · 108 works
- 2 Iris Hoxha #190,137 worldwide 2.9k citations · 34 works
- 3 Eglantina Hysa #227,622 worldwide 2k citations · 99 works
- 4 Naltin Shuka #367,228 worldwide 17k citations · 27 works
- 5 Skënder Topi #454,509 worldwide 2.3k citations · 68 works
Croatia
- 1 D. Mekterović #10,978 worldwide 52k citations · 552 works
- 2 Ozren Polašek #21,112 worldwide 75k citations · 684 works
- 3 R. Gupta #26,416 worldwide 7.7k citations · 106 works
- 4 G. I. Veres #32,507 worldwide 16k citations · 246 works
- 5 T. Virdee #36,724 worldwide 11k citations · 145 works