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Croatia vs Iceland

On research quality in 2022-now, Iceland ranks #50 in the world and Croatia #52, of 189 countries. Croatia stands higher in 15 of the 23 fields both publish in, Iceland in 8.

Research profiles alike: 0.35somewhat alike shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Croatia

World rank, 2022-now
#52
#59 all time
Works, 2022-now
38k
fractional
Top-10% rate
6.5%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
61%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Industrial relations, Library and Information Sciences, Space and Planetary Science.

Iceland

World rank, 2022-now
#50
#42 all time
Works, 2022-now
5.2k
fractional
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
46%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Chemical Health and Safety, Classics, Geophysics.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Iceland leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work, international co-authorship and growth. Croatia leads on 2 of 9 measures: output and open access. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Croatia 21 level6 Iceland
  1. #52Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#50
  2. 0.76×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.95×
  3. 38kOutputfractional works, 2022-now5.2k
  4. 6.5%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited10.0%
  5. 8.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work25.7
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 61%Open accessof its works free to read, all time46%
  8. 16%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time42%
  9. +2%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+11%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Croatia stands higher in 15 of 23 fields, Iceland in 8. Croatia leads most in Computer Science (#61 against #69); Iceland leads most in Earth and Planetary Sciences (#34 against #48). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Croatia 158 Iceland
  1. #54Agricultural and Biological Sciences-
  2. #51Arts and Humanities#40
  3. #51Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#37
  4. #47Business, Management and Accounting-
  5. #47Chemistry-
  6. #61Computer Science#69
  7. #49Decision Sciences-
  8. #38Dentistry-
  9. #48Earth and Planetary Sciences#34
  10. #48Economics, Econometrics and Finance-
  11. #45Energy-
  12. #56Engineering#54
  13. #62Environmental Science#49
  14. #65Health Professions-
  15. #43Immunology and Microbiology-
  16. #49Materials Science-
  17. #53Mathematics-
  18. #54Medicine#40
  19. #53Neuroscience-
  20. #43Nursing-
  21. #44Physics and Astronomy-
  22. #52Psychology#41
  23. #69Social Sciences#55

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Croatia rankIceland rank Croatia top 10%Iceland top 10% Croatia worksIceland works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #54 - 9.1% - 1.8k -
Arts and Humanities #51 #40 4.9% 12.6% 2.4k 249
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #51 #37 7.2% 12.4% 1.5k 228
Business, Management and Accounting #47 - 8.5% - 1.3k -
Chemistry #47 - 6.3% - 490 -
Computer Science #61 #69 7.8% 5.8% 2.2k 255
Decision Sciences #49 - 8.2% - 374 -
Dentistry #38 - 12.7% - 294 -
Earth and Planetary Sciences #48 #34 5.8% 11.0% 646 221
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #48 - 5.5% - 2.4k -
Energy #45 - 8.1% - 229 -
Engineering #56 #54 6.2% 11.3% 4.3k 443
Environmental Science #62 #49 5.9% 9.1% 2.2k 428
Health Professions #65 - 5.9% - 882 -
Immunology and Microbiology #43 - 7.9% - 314 -
Materials Science #49 - 5.4% - 691 -
Mathematics #53 - 5.2% - 443 -
Medicine #54 #40 7.2% 11.3% 7.3k 971
Neuroscience #53 - 5.7% - 473 -
Nursing #43 - 6.6% - 217 -
Physics and Astronomy #44 - 7.0% - 518 -
Psychology #52 #41 5.5% 9.0% 1.5k 304
Social Sciences #69 #55 5.5% 9.1% 5.8k 831

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Croatia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology1,625◆ 0.95×139 topics
  2. Sustainable Development1,368▲ 2.0×105 topics
  3. Sustainability1,296▲ 1.23×127 topics
  4. Climate Change1,230◆ 1.05×124 topics
  5. Economic Growth1,129▲ 3.2×35 topics
  6. International Relations1,106▲ 11×28 topics
  7. International Trade1,024▲ 17×12 topics
  8. Nation-Building1,018▲ 45×4 topics
  9. Foreign Policy1,008▲ 62×4 topics
  10. Sovereign Debt Crises1,002▲ 58×2 topics
  11. Negotiation992▲ 65×4 topics
  12. Commercial Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
  13. Economic Diplomacy976▲ 193×1 topic
  14. Religion893▲ 4.5×43 topics
  15. Artificial Intelligence889▲ 1.45×62 topics
  16. Regional Development810▲ 5.5×19 topics
  17. Organizational Culture800▲ 4.8×16 topics
  18. Financial Performance799▲ 3.3×16 topics
  19. Ethics774▲ 3.6×58 topics
  20. Innovation Management742▲ 11×9 topics
  21. Small and Medium Enterprises722▲ 9.5×10 topics
  22. Agricultural Sustainability716▲ 15×6 topics
  23. Rural Tourism696▲ 52×3 topics
  24. Leadership Emergence693▲ 117×1 topic
  25. Identity680▲ 2.2×75 topics
  26. Resilience629▲ 3.0×17 topics
  27. Climate Change Impact621▲ 6.3×8 topics
  28. Environmental Policy580▲ 6.7×14 topics
  29. Water Quality Monitoring549▲ 16×3 topics
  30. Hydrological Analysis530▲ 34×2 topics
  31. Socio-economic Factors524▲ 11×3 topics
  32. Water Resources Management523▲ 92×2 topics
  33. Global Water Resources517▲ 127×1 topic
  34. Integrated Management517▲ 127×1 topic
  35. Media478▲ 7.4×18 topics
  36. Spirituality468▲ 11×7 topics
  37. Social Change455▲ 8.6×19 topics
  38. Cultural Integration449▲ 4.9×3 topics
  39. Communication Technology422▲ 79×1 topic
  40. Youth Subcultures422▲ 79×1 topic

Iceland

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Climate Change398▲ 2.5×100 topics
  2. Epidemiology292▲ 1.23×130 topics
  3. Sustainability196▲ 1.35×88 topics
  4. Globalization185▲ 1.58×95 topics
  5. Mental Health156▲ 1.83×41 topics
  6. Inflammation143◆ 1.13×76 topics
  7. Remote Sensing110▲ 1.52×31 topics
  8. Environmental Impact109◆ 1.08×52 topics
  9. Public Health104▲ 1.20×59 topics
  10. Quality of Life97◆ 1.13×52 topics
  11. Cardiovascular Disease96▲ 1.41×37 topics
  12. Treatment93▲ 1.29×49 topics
  13. Risk Factors87▲ 1.33×36 topics
  14. Depression87▲ 1.66×22 topics
  15. Biodiversity78▲ 1.72×34 topics
  16. Literature72▲ 2.2×37 topics
  17. Meta-Analysis67▲ 1.92×18 topics
  18. Resilience67▲ 2.3×17 topics
  19. Invasive Species66▲ 2.6×20 topics
  20. Religion64▲ 2.3×29 topics
  21. Prevalence63▲ 2.6×14 topics
  22. Arctic62▲ 9.4×4 topics
  23. Fisheries Sustainability60▲ 12×2 topics
  24. Labor Market58▲ 3.5×14 topics
  25. Governance56▲ 2.9×16 topics
  26. Aquaculture51▲ 3.4×8 topics
  27. International Relations49▲ 3.4×17 topics
  28. Hydrology45▲ 5.8×4 topics
  29. Plate Tectonics44▲ 4.9×3 topics
  30. Medieval43▲ 21×3 topics
  31. Financial Crisis41▲ 6.2×12 topics
  32. Holocene40▲ 6.0×3 topics
  33. Freshwater Biodiversity36▲ 9.9×2 topics
  34. Shipping35▲ 12×2 topics
  35. Banking Sector34▲ 43×3 topics
  36. Iceland34▲ 138×1 topic
  37. Socioeconomic Inequality34▲ 69×1 topic
  38. Oil and Gas33▲ 16×2 topics
  39. Maritime Transport33▲ 21×1 topic
  40. Northern Sea Route33▲ 21×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Croatia has out-published Iceland every year since 1980.

still counting5k10k15kCroatia10k in 2025Iceland1,335 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%Croatia0.18% in 2025Iceland0.023% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting10%20%Iceland10.3% in 2025Croatia7.0% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Croatia 03 level2 Iceland
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0001
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#42

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Croatia or Iceland?

Croatia publishes 7.4× as much research as Iceland in 2022-now (38k against 5.2k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Croatia or Iceland?

10.0% of Iceland's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 6.5% for Croatia.

Is Croatia or Iceland growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +11% against 2018-21 for Iceland, and +2% for Croatia.

Which has more open access research, Croatia or Iceland?

61% of Croatia's research is free to read, against 46% of Iceland's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Croatia or Iceland?

Croatia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Iceland 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 1.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Croatia

  1. 1University of Zagreb6.5% top 10% · 14k works
  2. 2University of Split8.1% top 10% · 3.2k works
  3. 3University of Osijek7.3% top 10% · 2.8k works
  4. 4University of Rijeka7.2% top 10% · 3k works
  5. 5University North9.0% top 10% · 597 works
  6. 6Institut za filozofiju3.7% top 10% · 1.5k works

Iceland

  1. 1University of Iceland10.7% top 10% · 2.7k works
  2. 2Reykjavík University13.8% top 10% · 690 works
  3. 3Directorate of Health4.1% top 10% · 610 works
  4. 4University of Akureyri7.6% top 10% · 236 works
  5. 5Matís (Iceland)3.4% top 10% · 84 works
  6. 6Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies8.9% top 10% · 70 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Croatia

  1. 1 D. Mekterović #10,978 worldwide 52k citations · 552 works
  2. 2 Ozren Polašek #21,112 worldwide 75k citations · 684 works
  3. 3 R. Gupta #26,416 worldwide 7.7k citations · 106 works
  4. 4 G. I. Veres #32,507 worldwide 16k citations · 246 works
  5. 5 T. Virdee #36,724 worldwide 11k citations · 145 works

Iceland

  1. 1 Unnur Arna Thorsteinsdottir #13 worldwide 144k citations · 597 works
  2. 2 Kāri Stefánsson #43 worldwide 211k citations · 1,140 works
  3. 3 Augustine Kong #84 worldwide 97k citations · 293 works
  4. 4 Guðmar Þorleifsson #122 worldwide 120k citations · 579 works
  5. 5 Daniel Fannar Gudbjartsson #133 worldwide 88k citations · 524 works