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Germany vs Tajikistan

On research quality in 2022-now, Germany ranks #3 in the world and Tajikistan #189, of 189 countries. Germany stands higher in 26 of the 26 fields both publish in, Tajikistan in 0.

Research profiles alike: 0.34somewhat alike shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Germany

World rank, 2022-now
#3
#3 all time
Works, 2022-now
708k
fractional
Top-10% rate
10.3%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
31%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Theoretical Computer Science, Structural Biology, Classics.

Tajikistan

World rank, 2022-now
#189
#203 all time
Works, 2022-now
7.1k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.3%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
44%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Development, Filtration and Separation, Fuel Technology.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Germany leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate, citations per work and institutions in the world top 100. Tajikistan leads on 3 of 9 measures: open access, international co-authorship and growth.

Germany 63 Tajikistan
  1. #3Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#189
  2. 1.22×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.35×
  3. 708kOutputfractional works, 2022-now7.1k
  4. 10.3%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.3%
  5. 21.9Citations per workall time, per fractional work5.4
  6. 7World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 31%Open accessof its works free to read, all time44%
  8. 20%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time73%
  9. -2%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+48%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Germany stands higher in 26 of 26 fields, Tajikistan in 0. Germany leads most in Computer Science (#3 against #128). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Germany 260 Tajikistan
  1. #3Agricultural and Biological Sciences#124
  2. #2Arts and Humanities#100
  3. #3Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#105
  4. #3Business, Management and Accounting#110
  5. #4Chemical Engineering-
  6. #3Chemistry-
  7. #3Computer Science#128
  8. #4Decision Sciences-
  9. #3Dentistry-
  10. #5Earth and Planetary Sciences#75
  11. #4Economics, Econometrics and Finance#106
  12. #7Energy-
  13. #4Engineering#131
  14. #3Environmental Science#122
  15. #3Health Professions-
  16. #4Immunology and Microbiology-
  17. #4Materials Science#86
  18. #4Mathematics#77
  19. #4Medicine#149
  20. #4Neuroscience-
  21. #4Nursing-
  22. #4Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-
  23. #3Physics and Astronomy#76
  24. #4Psychology-
  25. #4Social Sciences#141
  26. #5Veterinary-

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Germany rankTajikistan rank Germany top 10%Tajikistan top 10% Germany worksTajikistan works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #3 #124 13.6% 8.6% 18k 301
Arts and Humanities #2 #100 10.2% 8.4% 34k 428
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #3 #105 10.8% 6.9% 41k 294
Business, Management and Accounting #3 #110 10.4% 6.9% 27k 223
Chemical Engineering #4 - 7.1% - 2.8k -
Chemistry #3 - 9.8% - 13k -
Computer Science #3 #128 9.4% 7.2% 48k 354
Decision Sciences #4 - 10.6% - 7.1k -
Dentistry #3 - 16.7% - 2.3k -
Earth and Planetary Sciences #5 #75 11.9% 4.1% 11k 315
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #4 #106 11.2% 10.0% 13k 291
Energy #7 - 8.3% - 4.9k -
Engineering #4 #131 7.4% 6.7% 107k 689
Environmental Science #3 #122 11.6% 8.2% 28k 317
Health Professions #3 - 10.9% - 18k -
Immunology and Microbiology #4 - 11.0% - 7.5k -
Materials Science #4 #86 7.9% 6.6% 20k 204
Mathematics #4 #77 10.9% 6.4% 9.1k 248
Medicine #4 #149 11.3% 5.7% 137k 733
Neuroscience #4 - 10.2% - 17k -
Nursing #4 - 11.7% - 1.7k -
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics #4 - 8.8% - 1.6k -
Physics and Astronomy #3 #76 11.1% 6.7% 26k 273
Psychology #4 - 11.5% - 27k -
Social Sciences #4 #141 10.5% 8.2% 85k 1.8k
Veterinary #5 - 11.3% - 1.1k -

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Germany

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology27k▼ 0.85×140 topics
  2. Machine Learning22k▼ 0.80×97 topics
  3. Climate Change21k◆ 0.96×131 topics
  4. Deep Learning20k▼ 0.73×85 topics
  5. Sustainability20k◆ 1.02×140 topics
  6. Inflammation15k◆ 0.88×83 topics
  7. Sustainable Development14k◆ 1.14×113 topics
  8. Big Data13k▲ 1.66×37 topics
  9. Globalization13k▼ 0.80×186 topics
  10. Artificial Intelligence12k◆ 1.07×67 topics
  11. Renewable Energy12k◆ 1.04×61 topics
  12. Public Health12k◆ 1.00×77 topics
  13. Identity10k▲ 1.77×80 topics
  14. Governance10k▲ 3.9×20 topics
  15. Digital Transformation9,308▲ 2.1×32 topics
  16. Gender8,935▲ 2.1×58 topics
  17. History8,678▲ 1.55×66 topics
  18. Leadership7,673▲ 1.95×42 topics
  19. Ethics7,501▲ 1.84×62 topics
  20. Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse7,246▲ 23×2 topics
  21. Bildungsungleichheit5,174▲ 23×1 topic
  22. Ethnografisches Schreiben5,174▲ 23×1 topic
  23. Mobile Health5,091▲ 4.3×3 topics
  24. Customer Experience4,931▲ 3.7×4 topics
  25. Fluid Dynamics4,685▲ 4.1×6 topics
  26. Business Models4,055▲ 6.9×4 topics
  27. Organizational Change3,925▲ 6.2×10 topics
  28. Socioeconomic Status3,797▲ 9.1×4 topics
  29. Epidemiological Study3,750▲ 6.8×4 topics
  30. Bildung3,692▲ 15×3 topics
  31. Technology Innovation3,652▲ 13×3 topics
  32. Omni-Channel Strategy3,586▲ 21×1 topic
  33. Data Collection3,486▲ 15×3 topics
  34. Materials Science3,439▲ 11×4 topics
  35. Strategic Marketing3,399▲ 20×2 topics
  36. Digital Capital3,382▲ 24×1 topic
  37. Value Chains3,382▲ 24×1 topic
  38. Germany3,367▲ 22×1 topic
  39. Health Surveys3,367▲ 22×1 topic
  40. Engineering3,346▲ 9.1×7 topics

Tajikistan

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization592▲ 3.7×123 topics
  2. Climate Change469▲ 2.1×104 topics
  3. Sustainable Development463▲ 3.6×85 topics
  4. Digital Transformation363▲ 8.3×24 topics
  5. Economic Development341▲ 5.3×45 topics
  6. Innovation332▲ 4.0×63 topics
  7. Artificial Intelligence313▲ 2.7×61 topics
  8. Social Media296▲ 2.6×34 topics
  9. Language273▲ 14×15 topics
  10. Regional Development264▲ 9.5×19 topics
  11. Digital Economy263▲ 16×18 topics
  12. Pedagogy235▲ 5.8×22 topics
  13. Ethnicity226▲ 7.5×21 topics
  14. Legal Regulation221▲ 12×8 topics
  15. Identity213▲ 3.6×62 topics
  16. Nationalism183▲ 5.0×30 topics
  17. Media181▲ 15×14 topics
  18. Linguistics174▲ 14×8 topics
  19. Migration173▲ 6.2×26 topics
  20. International Relations170▲ 8.7×23 topics
  21. Economic Security162▲ 9.4×7 topics
  22. Digital Education157▲ 13×6 topics
  23. Geopolitics157▲ 13×10 topics
  24. Educational Technologies156▲ 21×2 topics
  25. Language Teaching150▲ 7.0×8 topics
  26. Politics149▲ 7.0×21 topics
  27. Discourse Analysis147▲ 7.5×8 topics
  28. Youth140▲ 12×6 topics
  29. Phraseology139▲ 24×3 topics
  30. Teaching Methods138▲ 11×10 topics
  31. Tourism Development136▲ 12×2 topics
  32. Coronavirus135▲ 8.4×4 topics
  33. Arctic132▲ 15×4 topics
  34. Critical Thinking132▲ 14×4 topics
  35. Formative Assessment132▲ 19×2 topics
  36. Artistic Education131▲ 25×1 topic
  37. Student Competencies131▲ 25×1 topic
  38. Cultural Communication130▲ 47×1 topic
  39. Persuasion Strategies130▲ 47×1 topic
  40. Global Economy129▲ 12×6 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Germany has out-published Tajikistan every year since 1980.

still counting100k200kGermany185k in 2025Tajikistan1,828 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting2.5%5.0%7.5%Germany3.1% in 2025Tajikistan0.031% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Germany10.0% in 2025Tajikistan7.5% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Germany 50 Tajikistan
  1. 3In the world top 500
  2. 7In the top 1000
  3. 39In the top 5000
  4. 61In the top 1,0000
  5. #4Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Germany or Tajikistan?

Germany publishes 99.2× as much research as Tajikistan in 2022-now (708k against 7.1k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Germany or Tajikistan?

10.3% of Germany's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 7.3% for Tajikistan.

Is Germany or Tajikistan growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +48% against 2018-21 for Tajikistan, and -2% for Germany.

Which has more open access research, Germany or Tajikistan?

44% of Tajikistan's research is free to read, against 31% of Germany's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Germany or Tajikistan?

Germany holds 7 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Tajikistan 0; in the top 1,000 it is 61 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Germany

  1. 1Max Planck Society15.7% top 10% · 24k works
  2. 2Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres10.5% top 10% · 37k works
  3. 3Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München12.5% top 10% · 18k works
  4. 4Technical University of Munich12.7% top 10% · 18k works
  5. 5Heidelberg University12.9% top 10% · 16k works
  6. 6Universität Hamburg12.1% top 10% · 15k works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Germany

  1. 1 Matthias Mann #32 worldwide 308k citations · 1,470 works
  2. 2 Peer Bork #127 worldwide 396k citations · 955 works
  3. 3 Sebastiano Bernuzzi #129 worldwide 33k citations · 348 works
  4. 4 A. Ramos-Buades #173 worldwide 44k citations · 194 works
  5. 5 S. Husa #175 worldwide 108k citations · 420 works

Tajikistan

  1. 1 Farukh S. Sharopov #487,438 worldwide 8.9k citations · 136 works
  2. 2 V. Minaev #491,403 worldwide 1.7k citations · 27 works
  3. 3 Ilhomjon Oimahmadov #548,681 worldwide 1.7k citations · 63 works
  4. 4 Mustafo Gadoev #561,339 worldwide 1.8k citations · 78 works
  5. 5 Anatoly Ischuk #798,321 worldwide 1.2k citations · 49 works

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