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Kazakhstan vs Morocco

On research quality in 2022-now, Kazakhstan ranks #91 in the world and Morocco #94, of 189 countries. Kazakhstan stands higher in 9 of the 23 fields both publish in, Morocco in 14.

Research profiles alike: 0.44similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Kazakhstan

World rank, 2022-now
#91
#85 all time
Works, 2022-now
40k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
68%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Fuel Technology, General Energy, Nuclear Energy and Engineering.

Morocco

World rank, 2022-now
#94
#83 all time
Works, 2022-now
64k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
47%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Algebra and Number Theory, Applied Mathematics, Metals and Alloys.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Kazakhstan leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Morocco leads on 3 of 9 measures: excellence for its fields, output and citations per work. The two are level on top-10% rate and institutions in the world top 100.

Kazakhstan 42 level3 Morocco
  1. #91Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#94
  2. 0.69×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.79×
  3. 40kOutputfractional works, 2022-now64k
  4. 7.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.7%
  5. 5.0Citations per workall time, per fractional work9.7
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 68%Open accessof its works free to read, all time47%
  8. 30%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time23%
  9. +81%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+55%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Kazakhstan stands higher in 9 of 23 fields, Morocco in 14. Morocco leads most in Environmental Science (#65 against #91); Kazakhstan leads most in Social Sciences (#74 against #128). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Kazakhstan 914 Morocco
  1. #96Agricultural and Biological Sciences#84
  2. #73Arts and Humanities#93
  3. #79Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#83
  4. #91Business, Management and Accounting#77
  5. #67Chemistry#52
  6. #88Computer Science#74
  7. #71Decision Sciences#69
  8. -Dentistry#57
  9. #67Earth and Planetary Sciences#53
  10. #89Economics, Econometrics and Finance#94
  11. #66Energy#54
  12. #77Engineering#67
  13. #91Environmental Science#65
  14. #93Health Professions#92
  15. #64Immunology and Microbiology#66
  16. #59Materials Science#54
  17. #61Mathematics#55
  18. #132Medicine#133
  19. #58Neuroscience#59
  20. -Nursing#57
  21. #59Physics and Astronomy#66
  22. #82Psychology#94
  23. #74Social Sciences#128

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Kazakhstan rankMorocco rank Kazakhstan top 10%Morocco top 10% Kazakhstan worksMorocco works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #96 #84 8.7% 12.6% 2.8k 3.8k
Arts and Humanities #73 #93 10.0% 9.4% 1.5k 1.2k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #79 #83 6.5% 5.5% 1.1k 2k
Business, Management and Accounting #91 #77 8.2% 7.9% 1.4k 2.8k
Chemistry #67 #52 4.2% 15.4% 500 1k
Computer Science #88 #74 8.6% 8.8% 3.3k 7.1k
Decision Sciences #71 #69 7.4% 7.9% 316 712
Dentistry - #57 - 4.2% - 301
Earth and Planetary Sciences #67 #53 6.3% 11.1% 608 1k
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #89 #94 7.7% 7.3% 1.5k 1.3k
Energy #66 #54 6.0% 9.6% 522 1k
Engineering #77 #67 6.6% 8.5% 7.1k 9.9k
Environmental Science #91 #65 6.8% 10.1% 1.8k 3.4k
Health Professions #93 #92 8.2% 9.1% 708 1.2k
Immunology and Microbiology #64 #66 6.8% 2.9% 232 405
Materials Science #59 #54 6.1% 11.4% 1.4k 2.5k
Mathematics #61 #55 6.5% 8.1% 806 2.1k
Medicine #132 #133 6.2% 2.8% 4.1k 14k
Neuroscience #58 #59 7.0% 5.1% 239 509
Nursing - #57 - 8.5% - 232
Physics and Astronomy #59 #66 6.2% 10.5% 736 1.2k
Psychology #82 #94 7.3% 6.1% 1.1k 1.1k
Social Sciences #74 #128 9.6% 8.6% 8.1k 4.5k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Kazakhstan

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainable Development2,930▲ 4.0×107 topics
  2. Climate Change2,302▲ 1.83×125 topics
  3. Globalization2,060▲ 2.3×155 topics
  4. Innovation2,045▲ 4.3×77 topics
  5. Education1,859▲ 2.3×127 topics
  6. Sustainability1,598▲ 1.41×127 topics
  7. Educational Technology1,528▲ 2.8×47 topics
  8. Artificial Intelligence1,416▲ 2.1×65 topics
  9. Renewable Energy1,317▲ 1.96×59 topics
  10. Energy Efficiency1,275▲ 3.0×45 topics
  11. E-Learning1,254▲ 2.8×25 topics
  12. Digital Transformation1,221▲ 4.9×30 topics
  13. Online Learning1,056▲ 2.7×26 topics
  14. Pedagogy1,044▲ 4.5×27 topics
  15. Legal Regulation1,032▲ 9.9×8 topics
  16. Food Security1,014▲ 4.0×24 topics
  17. Economic Development995▲ 2.7×50 topics
  18. Economic Security965▲ 9.8×7 topics
  19. Digitalization959▲ 10×14 topics
  20. Teacher Training911▲ 3.2×26 topics
  21. Ethnicity894▲ 5.2×22 topics
  22. Digital Economy894▲ 9.6×19 topics
  23. Higher Education879▲ 3.6×30 topics
  24. Regional Development854▲ 5.4×21 topics
  25. Culture849▲ 3.5×33 topics
  26. Migration766▲ 4.8×30 topics
  27. Islam635▲ 6.6×5 topics
  28. Geopolitics627▲ 8.9×11 topics
  29. Strategic Planning618▲ 9.1×5 topics
  30. Foresight613▲ 10×2 topics
  31. International Trade Law612▲ 10×2 topics
  32. Public Oversight607▲ 11×1 topic
  33. Transport Policy607▲ 11×1 topic
  34. Modernization604▲ 7.1×5 topics
  35. Sharia Law592▲ 8.9×2 topics
  36. Malay Language592▲ 9.1×1 topic
  37. Design584▲ 7.7×6 topics
  38. Air Force572▲ 10×1 topic
  39. Warfare572▲ 10×1 topic
  40. Central Asia572▲ 17×4 topics

Morocco

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning4,199▲ 1.69×97 topics
  2. Deep Learning4,074▲ 1.58×84 topics
  3. Epidemiology3,452▲ 1.16×137 topics
  4. Sustainability2,246▲ 1.23×120 topics
  5. Renewable Energy2,052▲ 1.90×55 topics
  6. Climate Change1,946◆ 0.96×115 topics
  7. Neural Networks1,735▲ 1.50×41 topics
  8. Supply Chain Management1,456▲ 2.2×26 topics
  9. Treatment1,456▲ 1.60×52 topics
  10. Diagnosis1,433▲ 2.1×41 topics
  11. Environmental Impact1,389◆ 1.09×72 topics
  12. Healthcare1,314▲ 1.54×35 topics
  13. Internet of Things1,229▲ 1.92×31 topics
  14. Remote Sensing1,192▲ 1.30×36 topics
  15. Big Data1,143▲ 1.60×34 topics
  16. Artificial Intelligence1,041◆ 0.98×62 topics
  17. Energy Efficiency947▲ 1.37×44 topics
  18. Surgical Management880▲ 2.9×20 topics
  19. Convolutional Neural Networks860▲ 1.58×14 topics
  20. Security854▲ 1.71×30 topics
  21. Management839▲ 1.41×39 topics
  22. Antioxidant Activity782▲ 1.68×32 topics
  23. Chemotherapy771▲ 1.45×25 topics
  24. Solar Energy754▲ 3.2×5 topics
  25. Medicinal Plants739▲ 2.5×20 topics
  26. Risk Management689▲ 1.94×19 topics
  27. Artificial Neural Networks664▲ 1.95×10 topics
  28. IoT Security664▲ 2.9×3 topics
  29. Prognostic Factors661▲ 2.0×14 topics
  30. Power Electronics569▲ 2.4×8 topics
  31. Nonlinear Equations439▲ 4.6×6 topics
  32. Parameter Estimation416▲ 4.4×6 topics
  33. Territorial Governance406▲ 4.7×4 topics
  34. Local Development399▲ 5.2×2 topics
  35. North Africa395▲ 15×2 topics
  36. Grid-Connected Inverters358▲ 6.6×2 topics
  37. Subduction352▲ 6.3×3 topics
  38. Controllability330▲ 10×2 topics
  39. Maximum Power Point Tracking323▲ 8.7×1 topic
  40. Photovoltaic Arrays323▲ 8.7×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Morocco has out-published Kazakhstan every year since 1980.

still counting10k20kMorocco19k in 2025Kazakhstan11k in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.20%0.40%Morocco0.32% in 2025Kazakhstan0.19% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Kazakhstan8.7% in 2025Morocco8.1% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Kazakhstan 05 level0 Morocco
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Kazakhstan or Morocco?

Morocco publishes 1.6× as much research as Kazakhstan in 2022-now (64k against 40k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Kazakhstan or Morocco?

7.7% of Kazakhstan's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 7.7% for Morocco.

Is Kazakhstan or Morocco growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +81% against 2018-21 for Kazakhstan, and +55% for Morocco.

Which has more open access research, Kazakhstan or Morocco?

68% of Kazakhstan's research is free to read, against 47% of Morocco's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Kazakhstan or Morocco?

Kazakhstan holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Morocco 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Kazakhstan

  1. 1Nazarbayev University14.3% top 10% · 3.1k works
  2. 2Suleyman Demirel University5.8% top 10% · 2.9k works
  3. 3L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University7.3% top 10% · 3.1k works
  4. 4Astana Medical University7.4% top 10% · 1.8k works
  5. 5Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University8.9% top 10% · 1.2k works
  6. 6Ahmet Yesevi University7.6% top 10% · 795 works

Morocco

  1. 1Université Mohammed VI Polytechnique16.8% top 10% · 1.8k works
  2. 2Université Ibn-Tofail7.0% top 10% · 4.1k works
  3. 3Université Hassan 1er9.8% top 10% · 1.5k works
  4. 4Abdelmalek Essaâdi University7.5% top 10% · 3.8k works
  5. 5Université Ibn Zohr9.1% top 10% · 2.9k works
  6. 6Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University9.6% top 10% · 5.6k works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Kazakhstan

  1. 1 Kairat Davletov #4,259 worldwide 125k citations · 151 works
  2. 2 Mukhtar Kulimbet #8,033 worldwide 26k citations · 91 works
  3. 3 Shazim Ali Memon #24,150 worldwide 9.8k citations · 153 works
  4. 4 Anas Hajar #24,262 worldwide 1.1k citations · 125 works
  5. 5 Mayowa Tosin Babalola #43,099 worldwide 3.7k citations · 74 works

Morocco

  1. 1 Aziz A. Bousfiha #12,714 worldwide 11k citations · 60 works
  2. 2 Muhammad Nabeel Ikram #15,633 worldwide 5.5k citations · 106 works
  3. 3 A. Allouhi #37,806 worldwide 7.7k citations · 134 works
  4. 4 Anass Cherrafi #64,369 worldwide 4.8k citations · 123 works
  5. 5 Asmae Berrada #72,405 worldwide 2.5k citations · 75 works