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Topic · Infectious Diseases

Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research

Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research is a research topic within Infectious Diseases. Science Explorer counts 30k research works in it since 1950. 10.1% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the epidemiology, treatment, and prevention of Clostridium difficile infection, with a particular emphasis on fecal microbiota transplantation, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, healthcare-associated infections, toxin production, and clinical practice guidelines. It also explores the role of microbiome diversity, vancomycin and metronidazole treatment, risk factors for infection, and bacterial toxins associated with the disease.

  • Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
  • Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea
  • Healthcare-Associated Infections
  • Toxin Production
  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Practice Guidelines
  • Microbiome Diversity
  • Vancomycin and Metronidazole Treatment
  • Risk Factors
  • Bacterial Toxins
Research works
30k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
3k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.1%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+11%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
34% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research

This ranks research output and citation impact. It says nothing about the quality of diagnosis, treatment or care.

Which countries lead Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (1.7k and 1.6k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 1.7k works
  2. 2 China 1.6k works
  3. 3 India 290 works
  4. 4 United Kingdom 246 works
  5. 5 Japan 233 works
  6. 6 Germany 223 works
  7. 7 France 217 works
  8. 8 Italy 201 works
  9. 9 Canada 188 works
  10. 10 South Korea 172 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 33.9%China: 31.3%India: 5.7%United Kingdom: 4.8%6 others listed: 24.2%34%largest
United States1,726 · 33.9%China1,593 · 31.3%India290 · 5.7%United Kingdom246 · 4.8%6 others listed1,233 · 24.2%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research research?

By volume in 2022-now, Harvard University publishes the most Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research research, followed by Zhejiang University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Harvard UniversityUnited States 48 works
  2. 2 Zhejiang UniversityChina 44 works
  3. 3 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 39 works
  4. 4 Nanjing Medical UniversityChina 36 works
  5. 5 Sichuan UniversityChina 34 works
  6. 6 Mayo ClinicUnited States 33 works
  7. 7 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 33 works
  8. 8 University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUnited States 31 works
  9. 9 Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChina 31 works
  10. 10 United States Department of Veterans AffairsUnited States 29 works

Who are the leading researchers in Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research include Eric S. Lander, Rob Knight and Simon Iain Hay.

  1. 1 Eric S. Lander United States 524k citations
  2. 2 Rob Knight United States 468k citations
  3. 3 Simon Iain Hay United States 452k citations
  4. 4 Ali H. Mokdad United States 429k citations
  5. 5 Mark J. Daly United States 403k citations
  6. 6 Peer Bork Germany 396k citations
  7. 7 Guido Kroemer France 386k citations
  8. 8 Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta Pakistan 371k citations
  9. 9 Hermann Brenner Germany 343k citations
  10. 10 Jun Wang China 340k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research?

The most cited paper in Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research is "Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome" (Manimozhiyan Arumugam et al., 2011), with 7,806 citations. Next come "Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota" (5,727) and "Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells" (5,575).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome Manimozhiyan Arumugam et al. · Nature Open access 19 Apr 2011 7,806
2 Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota Catherine Lozupone, Jesse Stombaugh, Jeffrey I. Gordon et al. · Nature Open access Sep 2012 5,727
3 Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells Yukihiro Furusawa et al. · Nature 13 Nov 2013 5,575
4 Role of the Microbiota in Immunity and Inflammation Yasmine Belkaid, Timothy Wesley Hand · Cell Open access Mar 2014 5,511
5 The Microbial Metabolites, Short-Chain Fatty Acids, Regulate Colonic T reg Cell Homeostasis Patrick M. Smith, Michael R. Howitt, Nicolai S. Panikov et al. · Science Open access 5 Jul 2013 5,478
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research research done?

The largest centres of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Guangzhou (China) and Paris (France). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Charlottesville.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 220 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 110 works
  3. 3 GuangzhouChina 106 works
  4. 4 ParisFrance 98 works
  5. 5 HangzhouChina 79 works
  6. 6 SeoulSouth Korea 77 works
  7. 7 New YorkUnited States 69 works
  8. 8 NanjingChina 68 works
  9. 9 ChengduChina 66 works
  10. 10 TokyoJapan 65 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. CharlottesvilleUS · 21.1 works4.3×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research than the world average.

See Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research on the map

Where is the best place to study Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research?

Among universities, judged by research, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Harvard University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 18.8%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Chinese Academy of M…Chinese University o…Shanghai Jiao Tong U…Harvard University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Chinese University of Hong KongChina 81.024.4%4.5×20 +81.7%
2Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 72.620.7%2.2×39 +76.3%
3Harvard UniversityUnited States 68.316.6%2.4×48 -26.3%
4Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChina 68.124.7%3.0×20 +82.3%
5China Agricultural UniversityChina 66.020.3%5.0×18 +37.9%
6Nanjing Medical UniversityChina 64.814.2%6.5×36 +68.4%
7Southern Medical UniversityChina 64.618.4%5.5×22 +75.1%
8Zhejiang UniversityChina 63.911.1%2.6×44 +73.1%
9Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 62.618.0%1.9×26 +59.0%
10Nanchang UniversityChina 62.619.6%4.1×19 +75.4%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research, country by country

Is Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 11% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.029% in 2024.

still counting0.020%0.040%Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research0.030% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

Discussion

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