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Topic · Infectious Diseases

HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment

HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment is a research topic within Infectious Diseases. Science Explorer counts 46k research works in it since 1950. 9.9% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the efficacy and safety of antiretroviral therapy for HIV infection, including the development of drug resistance, the use of integrase inhibitors and reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and the adverse effects such as hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. It also explores the use of nucleoside analogues for treating viral diseases.

  • Antiretroviral Therapy
  • HIV Infection
  • Drug Resistance
  • Integrase Inhibitors
  • Nucleoside Analogues
  • Adverse Effects
  • Viral Diseases
  • Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Renal Toxicity
Research works
46k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
4.6k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.9%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
-15%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
40% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment

This ranks research output and citation impact. It says nothing about the quality of diagnosis, treatment or care.

Which countries lead HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (1.4k and 585 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 1.4k works
  2. 2 China 585 works
  3. 3 India 341 works
  4. 4 Italy 213 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 199 works
  6. 6 France 181 works
  7. 7 Spain 169 works
  8. 8 South Africa 169 works
  9. 9 Japan 115 works
  10. 10 Brazil 111 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 40.0%China: 16.9%India: 9.8%Italy: 6.1%6 others listed: 27.2%40%largest
United States1,387 · 40.0%China585 · 16.9%India341 · 9.8%Italy213 · 6.1%6 others listed943 · 27.2%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment research?

By volume in 2022-now, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill publishes the most HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment research, followed by Harvard University and Johns Hopkins University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUnited States 82 works
  2. 2 Harvard UniversityUnited States 59 works
  3. 3 Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 49 works
  4. 4 National Institutes of HealthUnited States 49 works
  5. 5 InsermFrance 32 works
  6. 6 Gilead Sciences (United States)United States 32 works
  7. 7 Emory UniversityUnited States 31 works
  8. 8 KU LeuvenBelgium 28 works
  9. 9 University of California, San FranciscoUnited States 28 works
  10. 10 University of Cape TownSouth Africa 27 works

Who are the leading researchers in HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment?

The most-cited researchers publishing on HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment include Simon Iain Hay, George Davey Smith and Guido Kroemer.

  1. 1 Simon Iain Hay United States 452k citations
  2. 2 George Davey Smith United Kingdom 435k citations
  3. 3 Guido Kroemer France 386k citations
  4. 4 Gad A. Getz United States 364k citations
  5. 5 Jun Wang China 340k citations
  6. 6 Giuseppe Remuzzi Italy 328k citations
  7. 7 Matthias Egger Switzerland 326k citations
  8. 8 John P. A. Ioannidis United States 317k citations
  9. 9 Gordon Henry Guyatt Canada 315k citations
  10. 10 Dan J. Stein South Africa 306k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment?

The most cited paper in HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment is "AutoDock4 and AutoDockTools4: Automated docking with selective receptor flexibility" (Garrett M. Morris, Ruth Huey, William Lindstrom et al., 2009), with 25,864 citations. Next come "Declining Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection" (9,545) and "Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy" (7,006).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 AutoDock4 and AutoDockTools4: Automated docking with selective receptor flexibility Garrett M. Morris, Ruth Huey, William Lindstrom et al. · Journal of Computational Chemistry Open access 27 Apr 2009 25,864
2 Declining Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Frank Joseph Palella, Kathleen M. Delaney, Anne C. Moorman et al. · New England Journal of Medicine 26 Mar 1998 9,545
3 Prevention of HIV-1 Infection with Early Antiretroviral Therapy Myron S. Cohen et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 18 Jul 2011 7,006
4 A Trial of Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19 Bin Cao et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 18 Mar 2020 5,526
5 Preexposure Chemoprophylaxis for HIV Prevention in Men Who Have Sex with Men Robert M. Grant et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 23 Nov 2010 5,186
All 101 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment research done?

The largest centres of HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), London (United Kingdom), Paris (France) and Chapel Hill (United States). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Foster City, Kampala and Cape Town.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 103 works
  2. 2 LondonUnited Kingdom 96 works
  3. 3 ParisFrance 86 works
  4. 4 Chapel HillUnited States 82 works
  5. 5 MadridSpain 64 works
  6. 6 BaltimoreUnited States 63 works
  7. 7 AtlantaUnited States 56 works
  8. 8 New YorkUnited States 55 works
  9. 9 BostonUnited States 55 works
  10. 10 ShanghaiChina 53 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. Foster CityUS · 32.3 works214×
  2. KampalaUG · 48.6 works21×
  3. Cape TownZA · 29.7 works15×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment than the world average.

See HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment on the map

Where is the best place to study HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, Johns Hopkins University and University of California, San Francisco score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 15.01%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Harvard UniversityUniversity of Califo…University of Cape T…Johns Hopkins Univer…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harvard UniversityUnited States 75.416.3%4.2×59 -26.3%
2Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 64.412.1%7.3×49 -31.0%
3University of California, San FranciscoUnited States 61.614.5%8.9×28 -23.0%
4University of Cape TownSouth Africa 56.712.6%18.0×27 -29.7%
5Makerere UniversityUganda 54.19.8%22.0×17 +29.0%
6Emory UniversityUnited States 54.012.4%8.7×31 -1.7%
7University of BaselSwitzerland 52.824.2%5.7×9 -18.4%
8University of OxfordUnited Kingdom 52.316.7%2.2×14 -16.4%
9Yale UniversityUnited States 51.520.2%3.0×14 -29.4%
10University of the WitwatersrandSouth Africa 50.911.3%14.4×27 -16.9%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment, country by country

Is HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 15% lower than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2014.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.020% in 2024.

still counting0.050%0.10%HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment0.019% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment9.9% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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