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Topic · Biomedical Engineering

Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies

Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies is a research topic within Biomedical Engineering. Science Explorer counts 18k research works in it since 1951. 9.9% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the advancements in two-photon microfabrication techniques, utilizing two-photon absorption, nonlinear optical materials, femtosecond laser writing, and nanocomposite materials. The research covers topics such as photonic crystals, polymerization, and the development of hybrid materials for applications in microfabrication and optical limiting.

  • Two-Photon Absorption
  • Microfabrication
  • Nonlinear Optical Materials
  • Femtosecond Laser Writing
  • Photonic Crystals
  • Nanocomposite Materials
  • Polymerization
  • Optical Limiting
  • Hybrid Materials
  • Multiphoton Fabrication
Research works
18k
fractional, since 1951
In the world top 10%
1.7k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.9%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
-1%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
34% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies

Which countries lead Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies research?

By volume, China and India publish the most (745 and 441 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 745 works
  2. 2 India 441 works
  3. 3 United States 249 works
  4. 4 Russia 167 works
  5. 5 Germany 142 works
  6. 6 France 140 works
  7. 7 Japan 110 works
  8. 8 Iraq 71 works
  9. 9 Iran 71 works
  10. 10 Saudi Arabia 59 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 33.9%India: 20.1%United States: 11.3%Russia: 7.6%6 others listed: 27.1%34%largest
China745 · 33.9%India441 · 20.1%United States249 · 11.3%Russia167 · 7.6%6 others listed594 · 27.1%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies research?

By volume in 2022-now, Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes the most Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies research, followed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Russian Academy of Sciences.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 71 works
  2. 2 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 70 works
  3. 3 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 58 works
  4. 4 Bharathidasan UniversityIndia 33 works
  5. 5 Shandong UniversityChina 20 works
  6. 6 University of BasrahIraq 20 works
  7. 7 Harbin Institute of TechnologyChina 15 works
  8. 8 Zhejiang UniversityChina 15 works
  9. 9 Helmholtz Association of German Research CentresGermany 15 works
  10. 10 University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 15 works

Who are the leading researchers in Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies include Zhong Lin Wang, Kostya S. Novoselov and George M. Whitesides.

  1. 1 Zhong Lin Wang United States 491k citations
  2. 2 Kostya S. Novoselov United Kingdom 331k citations
  3. 3 George M. Whitesides United States 267k citations
  4. 4 Wei Huang China 267k citations
  5. 5 Ben Zhong Tang China 261k citations
  6. 6 Kenji Watanabe Japan 237k citations
  7. 7 Takashi Taniguchi Japan 227k citations
  8. 8 Kai You Wang China 224k citations
  9. 9 Lei Jiang China 214k citations
  10. 10 Younan Xia United States 207k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies?

The most cited paper in Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies is "Two-Photon Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy" (Winfried T. Denk, James H. Strickler, Watt W. Webb, 1990), with 9,531 citations. Next come "Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam" (9,073) and "Interactions between Light Waves in a Nonlinear Dielectric" (4,320).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Two-Photon Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy Winfried T. Denk, James H. Strickler, Watt W. Webb · Science 6 Apr 1990 9,531
2 Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam Mansoor Sheik‐Bahae, A. A. Said, Tai‐Huei Wei et al. · IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics Open access Apr 1990 9,073
3 Interactions between Light Waves in a Nonlinear Dielectric John A. Armstrong, N. Bloembergen, Jacques Ducuing et al. · Physical Review Open access 15 Sep 1962 4,320
4 Spectral Properties and Relaxation Dynamics of Surface Plasmon Electronic Oscillations in Gold and Silver Nanodots and Nanorods Stephan Link, Mostafa A. El‐Sayed · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 10 Sep 1999 3,893
5 Nanocrystalline materials H. Gleiter · Progress in Materials Science Open access 1989 3,685
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies research done?

The largest centres of Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Moscow (Russia), Shanghai (China) and Chennai (India). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Tiruchchirappalli.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 126 works
  2. 2 MoscowRussia 74 works
  3. 3 ShanghaiChina 55 works
  4. 4 ChennaiIndia 47 works
  5. 5 ParisFrance 40 works
  6. 6 TiruchchirappalliIndia 38 works
  7. 7 WuhanChina 35 works
  8. 8 Xi'anChina 32 works
  9. 9 ChangchunChina 29 works
  10. 10 NanjingChina 29 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. TiruchchirappalliIN · 38.1 works30×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies than the world average.

See Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies on the map

Where is the best place to study Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies?

Among universities, judged by research, Bharathidasan University, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore and King Khalid University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 15.83%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Indian Institute of …King Khalid UniversityUniversity of BasrahBharathidasan Univer…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Bharathidasan UniversityIndia 63.97.7%76.5×33 +185.3%
2Indian Institute of Science BangaloreIndia 61.935.8%8.2×8 +21.1%
3King Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia 57.017.6%12.2×12 -34.9%
4University of BasrahIraq 56.29.3%33.2×20 +19.4%
5Zhejiang UniversityChina 55.124.0%2.1×15 +32.8%
6King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia 48.919.2%3.8×10 +150.0%
7Shenzhen UniversityChina 47.011.7%5.8×11 -0.8%
8SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyIndia 44.515.0%4.8×13 +66.7%
9École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneSwitzerland 44.39.5%9.7×10 +55.1%
10Shandong UniversityChina 42.68.5%5.9×20 +2.6%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies, country by country

Is Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 1% lower than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.012% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%0.030%Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies0.013% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies9.8% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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