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Costa Rica vs Mongolia

On research quality in 2022-now, Costa Rica ranks #84 in the world and Mongolia #107, of 189 countries. Costa Rica stands higher in 10 of the 13 fields both publish in, Mongolia in 3.

Research profiles alike: 0.67similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Costa Rica

World rank, 2022-now
#84
#69 all time
Works, 2022-now
12k
fractional
Top-10% rate
5.6%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
70%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Horticulture, Life-span and Life-course Studies, General Social Sciences.

Mongolia

World rank, 2022-now
#107
#119 all time
Works, 2022-now
6.4k
fractional
Top-10% rate
5.0%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
55%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Fuel Technology, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Music.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Costa Rica leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate, citations per work and open access. Mongolia leads on 2 of 9 measures: international co-authorship and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Costa Rica 61 level2 Mongolia
  1. #84Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#107
  2. 0.68×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.52×
  3. 12kOutputfractional works, 2022-now6.4k
  4. 5.6%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited5.0%
  5. 5.3Citations per workall time, per fractional work4.7
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 70%Open accessof its works free to read, all time55%
  8. 25%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time39%
  9. -12%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+58%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Costa Rica stands higher in 10 of 13 fields, Mongolia in 3. Costa Rica leads most in Agricultural and Biological Sciences (#71 against #107); Mongolia leads most in Engineering (#95 against #113). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Costa Rica 103 Mongolia
  1. #71Agricultural and Biological Sciences#107
  2. #72Arts and Humanities#68
  3. #78Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#88
  4. #75Business, Management and Accounting#95
  5. #92Computer Science#105
  6. -Earth and Planetary Sciences#63
  7. #78Economics, Econometrics and Finance#91
  8. #113Engineering#95
  9. #71Environmental Science#98
  10. #78Health Professions-
  11. #80Medicine#101
  12. #74Psychology#84
  13. #75Social Sciences#88

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Costa Rica rankMongolia rank Costa Rica top 10%Mongolia top 10% Costa Rica worksMongolia works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #71 #107 4.9% 5.0% 1.2k 358
Arts and Humanities #72 #68 6.9% 6.3% 659 485
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #78 #88 5.2% 4.5% 415 209
Business, Management and Accounting #75 #95 6.9% 4.9% 428 269
Computer Science #92 #105 5.2% 3.9% 781 513
Earth and Planetary Sciences - #63 - 3.3% - 216
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #78 #91 6.1% 7.0% 388 246
Engineering #113 #95 3.4% 3.3% 453 603
Environmental Science #71 #98 5.7% 4.3% 905 556
Health Professions #78 - 6.2% - 463 -
Medicine #80 #101 3.9% 5.2% 1.5k 742
Psychology #74 #84 4.9% 4.8% 415 202
Social Sciences #75 #88 6.9% 6.1% 3.1k 1.2k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Costa Rica

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Education1,117▲ 4.8×120 topics
  2. Climate Change793▲ 2.2×110 topics
  3. Globalization791▲ 3.0×135 topics
  4. Sustainability722▲ 2.2×109 topics
  5. Innovation614▲ 4.4×66 topics
  6. Epidemiology600◆ 1.12×138 topics
  7. Public Health553▲ 2.8×73 topics
  8. Latin America514▲ 20×23 topics
  9. Educational Technology485▲ 3.1×39 topics
  10. Sustainable Development470▲ 2.2×77 topics
  11. E-Learning466▲ 3.6×20 topics
  12. COVID-19453▲ 2.6×30 topics
  13. Biodiversity426▲ 4.2×33 topics
  14. Knowledge Management412▲ 5.5×32 topics
  15. Pedagogy396▲ 5.9×23 topics
  16. Digital Marketing347▲ 6.7×5 topics
  17. Teacher Training345▲ 4.2×25 topics
  18. Distance Learning342▲ 7.4×12 topics
  19. Health Promotion338▲ 8.0×17 topics
  20. Technology318▲ 4.5×33 topics
  21. Urban Development272▲ 5.8×17 topics
  22. Nutrition272▲ 4.6×18 topics
  23. Social Movements269▲ 6.8×29 topics
  24. Public Policy268▲ 4.2×27 topics
  25. Digital Divide266▲ 7.7×8 topics
  26. Inclusive Education264▲ 5.5×18 topics
  27. Community Participation252▲ 5.3×15 topics
  28. Communication250▲ 5.9×19 topics
  29. ICT247▲ 14×5 topics
  30. Online Education246▲ 9.5×6 topics
  31. Digital Competence246▲ 21×3 topics
  32. Rural Development242▲ 5.2×17 topics
  33. Virtual Teaching242▲ 33×1 topic
  34. Social Responsibility233▲ 7.5×10 topics
  35. Innovation Ecosystems230▲ 17×4 topics
  36. Competitiveness230▲ 22×6 topics
  37. Small and Medium Enterprises228▲ 9.6×7 topics
  38. Informal Learning223▲ 13×6 topics
  39. Teacher Development207▲ 25×2 topics
  40. Student Performance199▲ 14×3 topics

Mongolia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Climate Change527▲ 2.6×105 topics
  2. Sustainability358▲ 1.97×106 topics
  3. Globalization307▲ 2.1×132 topics
  4. Artificial Intelligence271▲ 2.5×62 topics
  5. Machine Learning257◆ 1.04×88 topics
  6. Sustainable Development249▲ 2.1×83 topics
  7. Epidemiology227▼ 0.76×130 topics
  8. Deep Learning220▼ 0.86×81 topics
  9. Education190▲ 1.49×115 topics
  10. Adaptation165▲ 7.4×14 topics
  11. Ecological Knowledge164▲ 52×2 topics
  12. Innovation162▲ 2.1×71 topics
  13. Economic Development157▲ 2.6×41 topics
  14. Livelihoods149▲ 58×2 topics
  15. Land Management148▲ 57×2 topics
  16. Pastoralists147▲ 78×1 topic
  17. Rangeland Degradation147▲ 78×1 topic
  18. Economic Growth132▲ 2.2×33 topics
  19. Linguistics127▲ 11×9 topics
  20. History126▲ 2.4×45 topics
  21. Biodiversity114▲ 2.0×35 topics
  22. Etymology112▲ 32×2 topics
  23. Historical Phonology112▲ 32×2 topics
  24. Morphology111▲ 8.3×11 topics
  25. Language Contact104▲ 15×5 topics
  26. Virtual Reality103▲ 2.8×19 topics
  27. Syntax100▲ 19×3 topics
  28. Turkic94▲ 48×1 topic
  29. oral epics94▲ 48×1 topic
  30. Central Asia90▲ 17×4 topics
  31. Multimedia Technology83▲ 18×2 topics
  32. Economic Security80▲ 5.1×7 topics
  33. Arctic75▲ 9.1×4 topics
  34. Financial Security73▲ 9.2×3 topics
  35. Human-Computer Interaction70▲ 5.2×7 topics
  36. Eurasian Exchange61▲ 40×1 topic
  37. Silk Roads61▲ 40×1 topic
  38. Graphic Design59▲ 20×2 topics
  39. Digital Media Technology59▲ 21×1 topic
  40. Visual Communication Design59▲ 21×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Costa Rica has out-published Mongolia every year since 1980.

still counting2k4kCosta Rica3,351 in 2025Mongolia1,989 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.050%0.10%Costa Rica0.057% in 2025Mongolia0.034% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Costa Rica6.0% in 2025Mongolia5.3% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Costa Rica 05 level0 Mongolia
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Costa Rica or Mongolia?

Costa Rica publishes 1.8× as much research as Mongolia in 2022-now (12k against 6.4k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Costa Rica or Mongolia?

5.6% of Costa Rica's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 5.0% for Mongolia.

Is Costa Rica or Mongolia growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +58% against 2018-21 for Mongolia, and -12% for Costa Rica.

Which has more open access research, Costa Rica or Mongolia?

70% of Costa Rica's research is free to read, against 55% of Mongolia's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Costa Rica or Mongolia?

Costa Rica holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Mongolia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Costa Rica

  1. 1Universidad de Costa Rica5.5% top 10% · 3.8k works
  2. 2Universidad Independiente5.5% top 10% · 842 works
  3. 3Universidad Nacional5.4% top 10% · 1.1k works
  4. 4Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica4.5% top 10% · 891 works
  5. 5Universidad de Ciencias Medicas3.3% top 10% · 630 works
  6. 6Distance State University5.4% top 10% · 570 works

Mongolia

  1. 1National University of Mongolia4.4% top 10% · 1.2k works
  2. 2University of Finance and Economics4.8% top 10% · 561 works
  3. 3University of the Humanities9.3% top 10% · 603 works
  4. 4Mongolian Academy of Sciences2.2% top 10% · 827 works
  5. 5National Academy of Governance8.6% top 10% · 375 works
  6. 6Ider University5.8% top 10% · 187 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Costa Rica

  1. 1 Luciano Ciravegna #118,588 worldwide 3.6k citations · 112 works
  2. 2 Juan Robalino #140,153 worldwide 4.1k citations · 83 works
  3. 3 Carolina Porras #144,308 worldwide 7.9k citations · 170 works
  4. 4 Célia A. Harvey #194,862 worldwide 14k citations · 233 works
  5. 5 María A. Maglianesi #245,024 worldwide 1.6k citations · 50 works

Mongolia

  1. 1 Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu #26,249 worldwide 24k citations · 79 works
  2. 2 Yanjinlkham Munkhsaikhan #149,169 worldwide 3.7k citations · 25 works
  3. 3 Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar #171,998 worldwide 17k citations · 37 works
  4. 4 Болормаа Норов #173,089 worldwide 2.7k citations · 45 works
  5. 5 Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan #177,653 worldwide 2.4k citations · 82 works