Eritrea vs Ethiopia
On research quality in 2022-now, Ethiopia ranks #51 in the world and Eritrea #174, of 189 countries. Eritrea stands higher in 0 of the 21 fields both publish in, Ethiopia in 21.
Research profiles alike: 0.76very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Eritrea
- World rank, 2022-now
- #174
- #175 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 213
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 8.2%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 73%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Family Practice, Toxicology.
Ethiopia
- World rank, 2022-now
- #51
- #51 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 43k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 13.1%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 80%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Agronomy and Crop Science, Soil Science, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Ethiopia leads on 7 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate, citations per work, open access and growth. Eritrea leads on 1 of 9 measures: international co-authorship. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #174Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#51
- 1.01×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected1.24×
- 213Outputfractional works, 2022-now43k
- 8.2%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited13.1%
- 13.0Citations per workall time, per fractional work13.5
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 73%Open accessof its works free to read, all time80%
- 34%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time25%
- -22%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+36%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Eritrea stands higher in 0 of 21 fields, Ethiopia in 21. Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- -Agricultural and Biological Sciences#40
- -Arts and Humanities#89
- -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#45
- -Business, Management and Accounting#66
- -Chemistry#55
- -Computer Science#76
- -Decision Sciences#63
- -Earth and Planetary Sciences#55
- -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#60
- -Energy#59
- -Engineering#60
- -Environmental Science#60
- -Health Professions#36
- -Immunology and Microbiology#37
- -Materials Science#55
- -Mathematics#64
- -Medicine#39
- -Nursing#29
- -Physics and Astronomy#71
- -Psychology#56
- -Social Sciences#63
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Eritrea rank | Ethiopia rank | Eritrea top 10% | Ethiopia top 10% | Eritrea works | Ethiopia works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | - | #40 | - | 12.1% | - | 7.3k |
| Arts and Humanities | - | #89 | - | 14.1% | - | 357 |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | - | #45 | - | 11.3% | - | 1.6k |
| Business, Management and Accounting | - | #66 | - | 16.5% | - | 999 |
| Chemistry | - | #55 | - | 13.0% | - | 373 |
| Computer Science | - | #76 | - | 13.1% | - | 1.3k |
| Decision Sciences | - | #63 | - | 9.8% | - | 280 |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | - | #55 | - | 12.8% | - | 336 |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | - | #60 | - | 14.7% | - | 916 |
| Energy | - | #59 | - | 9.9% | - | 292 |
| Engineering | - | #60 | - | 11.6% | - | 3.4k |
| Environmental Science | - | #60 | - | 10.8% | - | 4.2k |
| Health Professions | - | #36 | - | 20.6% | - | 1.7k |
| Immunology and Microbiology | - | #37 | - | 12.3% | - | 842 |
| Materials Science | - | #55 | - | 12.7% | - | 960 |
| Mathematics | - | #64 | - | 12.8% | - | 452 |
| Medicine | - | #39 | - | 13.2% | - | 11k |
| Nursing | - | #29 | - | 15.0% | - | 1.2k |
| Physics and Astronomy | - | #71 | - | 4.4% | - | 280 |
| Psychology | - | #56 | - | 13.8% | - | 975 |
| Social Sciences | - | #63 | - | 15.6% | - | 3.7k |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Eritrea
- Water Scarcity
- Global Health
- Infertility
- Sustainability Assessment
- Insulin Resistance
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Community Health Workers
- Poverty Reduction
- Vaccine
- Antiretroviral Therapy
- Ethiopia
- Human Rights
- Politics
- COVID-19
- Immune Response
- Child Development
- Religion
- Environmental Impact
- Diagnosis
- Climate Change
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Conflict
- Maternal Mortality
- History
- Treatment
- Culture
- Drug Resistance
- Society
- Eritrea
- Migration
- Global Governance
- Health Inequalities
- Child Mortality
- Health Systems
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
- Infectious Diseases
- HIV Infection
- Gender Inequality
- Security Council
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology19▲ 2.0×58 topics
- Climate Change9▲ 1.34×25 topics
- Public Health7▲ 2.1×18 topics
- Diagnosis7▲ 3.3×16 topics
- Conflict7▲ 19×5 topics
- Environmental Impact7▲ 1.75×20 topics
- Maternal Mortality6▲ 12×5 topics
- Religion6▲ 5.9×5 topics
- History6▲ 3.8×5 topics
- Child Development6▲ 6.2×4 topics
- Treatment6▲ 2.1×17 topics
- Immune Response6▲ 4.3×11 topics
- Culture6▲ 4.7×4 topics
- COVID-195▲ 1.74×15 topics
- Drug Resistance5▲ 7.8×6 topics
- Politics5▲ 8.6×2 topics
- Society5▲ 12×2 topics
- Human Rights5▲ 2.2×11 topics
- Eritrea5▲ 159×1 topic
- Ethiopia5▲ 159×1 topic
- Migration5▲ 6.3×2 topics
- Antiretroviral Therapy5▲ 12×6 topics
- Global Governance4▲ 7.9×8 topics
- Vaccine4▲ 4.7×10 topics
- Health Inequalities4▲ 15×2 topics
- Poverty Reduction4▲ 13×3 topics
- Child Mortality4▲ 23×1 topic
- Community Health Workers4▲ 19×2 topics
- Health Systems4▲ 23×1 topic
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition4▲ 20×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene4▲ 20×1 topic
- Insulin Resistance4▲ 3.5×8 topics
- Infectious Diseases4▲ 4.5×7 topics
- Sustainability Assessment3▲ 9.4×2 topics
- HIV Infection3▲ 12×3 topics
- Infertility3▲ 8.0×3 topics
- Gender Inequality3▲ 8.1×4 topics
- Global Health3▲ 7.2×2 topics
- Security Council2▲ 21×2 topics
- Water Scarcity2▲ 13×2 topics
Ethiopia
- Agricultural Sustainability
- Conflict
- Rangeland Degradation
- Land Management
- Antiretroviral Therapy
- Rural Development
- Livelihoods
- Drought Tolerance
- Food Security
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
- Land Use Change
- Smallholder Farmers
- Remote Sensing
- Health Systems
- Socio-economic Factors
- Adaptation
- Environmental Impact
- Public Health
- Maternal Mortality
- Climate Change
- Epidemiology
- Sustainability
- Sustainable Agriculture
- Child Development
- Health Inequalities
- Community Health Workers
- Child Mortality
- Genetic Diversity
- Global Burden of Disease
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Biodiversity Conservation
- Global Burden
- Vaccine
- Social Networks
- Drug Resistance
- Ecological Knowledge
- Pastoralists
- Breeding
- Genetic Improvement
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology3,660▲ 1.85×137 topics
- Climate Change3,512▲ 2.6×115 topics
- Sustainability2,509▲ 2.1×109 topics
- Maternal Mortality1,469▲ 13×5 topics
- Sustainable Agriculture1,335▲ 8.7×17 topics
- Public Health1,292▲ 1.79×65 topics
- Child Development1,276▲ 6.3×8 topics
- Environmental Impact1,216▲ 1.44×69 topics
- Health Inequalities1,210▲ 20×5 topics
- Adaptation1,145▲ 7.7×14 topics
- Community Health Workers1,145▲ 26×2 topics
- Socio-economic Factors1,109▲ 20×3 topics
- Child Mortality1,108▲ 31×1 topic
- Health Systems1,108▲ 31×1 topic
- Genetic Diversity1,032▲ 4.8×22 topics
- Remote Sensing1,030▲ 1.70×39 topics
- Global Burden of Disease1,015▲ 8.3×4 topics
- Smallholder Farmers1,014▲ 9.7×6 topics
- Cardiovascular Disease996▲ 1.76×39 topics
- Land Use Change973▲ 6.6×8 topics
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition939▲ 23×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene939▲ 23×1 topic
- Biodiversity Conservation850▲ 4.6×17 topics
- Food Security826▲ 3.1×23 topics
- Global Burden812▲ 3.0×12 topics
- Drought Tolerance749▲ 11×9 topics
- Vaccine728▲ 3.7×11 topics
- Livelihoods703▲ 41×2 topics
- Social Networks690▲ 5.1×12 topics
- Rural Development682▲ 4.0×17 topics
- Drug Resistance655▲ 4.6×9 topics
- Antiretroviral Therapy617▲ 7.6×6 topics
- Ecological Knowledge617▲ 29×2 topics
- Land Management616▲ 36×2 topics
- Pastoralists614▲ 49×1 topic
- Rangeland Degradation614▲ 49×1 topic
- Breeding529▲ 14×5 topics
- Conflict524▲ 6.5×10 topics
- Genetic Improvement476▲ 11×4 topics
- Agricultural Sustainability475▲ 8.5×6 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Ethiopia has out-published Eritrea every year since 1984.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Eritrea or Ethiopia?
Ethiopia publishes 204.1× as much research as Eritrea in 2022-now (43k against 213 fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Eritrea or Ethiopia?
13.1% of Ethiopia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 8.2% for Eritrea.
Is Eritrea or Ethiopia growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +36% against 2018-21 for Ethiopia, and -22% for Eritrea.
Which has more open access research, Eritrea or Ethiopia?
80% of Ethiopia's research is free to read, against 73% of Eritrea's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Eritrea or Ethiopia?
Eritrea holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Ethiopia 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Eritrea
- 1University of Asmara8.2% top 10% · 213 works
Ethiopia
- 1New Generation University College9.8% top 10% · 1k works
- 2Jimma University13.7% top 10% · 2.5k works
- 3University of Gondar17.8% top 10% · 3k works
- 4Bahir Dar University14.1% top 10% · 3k works
- 5Arba Minch University13.6% top 10% · 1.4k works
- 6Ministry of Education15.3% top 10% · 512 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Eritrea
- 1 Selam Mihreteab #1,183,860 worldwide 1.1k citations · 28 works
- 2 Ghebrebrhan Ogubazghi #1,338,523 worldwide 1.3k citations · 65 works
- 3 Eyasu Habte Tesfamariam #1,384,050 worldwide 286 citations · 20 works
- 4 Araia Berhane #1,422,903 worldwide 896 citations · 32 works
- 5 Meron Mehari Kifle #1,474,057 worldwide 804 citations · 23 works
Ethiopia
- 1 Hadush Negash Meles #16,043 worldwide 11k citations · 69 works
- 2 Addisu Dagnaw Melese #17,267 worldwide 59k citations · 72 works
- 3 Sofonias Kifle Tessema #19,123 worldwide 3.7k citations · 120 works
- 4 Semaw Ferede Abera #19,266 worldwide 118k citations · 94 works
- 5 Gebre Teklemariam Demoz #20,104 worldwide 74k citations · 71 works