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Kazakhstan vs Uzbekistan

On research quality in 2022-now, Kazakhstan ranks #91 in the world and Uzbekistan #121, of 189 countries. Kazakhstan stands higher in 14 of the 21 fields both publish in, Uzbekistan in 7.

Research profiles alike: 0.72very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Kazakhstan

World rank, 2022-now
#91
#85 all time
Works, 2022-now
40k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
68%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Fuel Technology, General Energy, Nuclear Energy and Engineering.

Uzbekistan

World rank, 2022-now
#121
#164 all time
Works, 2022-now
48k
fractional
Top-10% rate
6.1%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
68%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Aquatic Science, Anatomy, Nuclear Energy and Engineering.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Kazakhstan leads on 5 of 9 measures: research quality, citation excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work and international co-authorship. Uzbekistan leads on 2 of 9 measures: output and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100 and open access.

Kazakhstan 52 level2 Uzbekistan
  1. #91Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#121
  2. 0.69×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.46×
  3. 40kOutputfractional works, 2022-now48k
  4. 7.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited6.1%
  5. 5.0Citations per workall time, per fractional work2.1
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 68%Open accessof its works free to read, all time68%
  8. 30%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time13%
  9. +81%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+108%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Kazakhstan stands higher in 14 of 21 fields, Uzbekistan in 7. Kazakhstan leads most in Social Sciences (#74 against #115); Uzbekistan leads most in Economics, Econometrics and Finance (#74 against #89). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Kazakhstan 147 Uzbekistan
  1. #96Agricultural and Biological Sciences#88
  2. #73Arts and Humanities#87
  3. #79Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#99
  4. #91Business, Management and Accounting#102
  5. #67Chemistry#66
  6. #88Computer Science#96
  7. #71Decision Sciences#74
  8. #67Earth and Planetary Sciences#76
  9. #89Economics, Econometrics and Finance#74
  10. #66Energy#64
  11. #77Engineering#78
  12. #91Environmental Science#117
  13. #93Health Professions#91
  14. #64Immunology and Microbiology-
  15. #59Materials Science#62
  16. #61Mathematics#57
  17. #132Medicine#151
  18. #58Neuroscience#70
  19. #59Physics and Astronomy#56
  20. #82Psychology#103
  21. #74Social Sciences#115

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Kazakhstan rankUzbekistan rank Kazakhstan top 10%Uzbekistan top 10% Kazakhstan worksUzbekistan works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #96 #88 8.7% 8.0% 2.8k 3.9k
Arts and Humanities #73 #87 10.0% 4.9% 1.5k 2.5k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #79 #99 6.5% 3.2% 1.1k 774
Business, Management and Accounting #91 #102 8.2% 5.8% 1.4k 1.6k
Chemistry #67 #66 4.2% 2.9% 500 571
Computer Science #88 #96 8.6% 6.5% 3.3k 3.1k
Decision Sciences #71 #74 7.4% 5.9% 316 263
Earth and Planetary Sciences #67 #76 6.3% 5.8% 608 318
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #89 #74 7.7% 7.6% 1.5k 3k
Energy #66 #64 6.0% 7.9% 522 558
Engineering #77 #78 6.6% 7.9% 7.1k 6.6k
Environmental Science #91 #117 6.8% 5.5% 1.8k 1.4k
Health Professions #93 #91 8.2% 5.0% 708 1.4k
Immunology and Microbiology #64 - 6.8% - 232 -
Materials Science #59 #62 6.1% 6.0% 1.4k 1.4k
Mathematics #61 #57 6.5% 8.0% 806 1.2k
Medicine #132 #151 6.2% 1.7% 4.1k 4.2k
Neuroscience #58 #70 7.0% 3.4% 239 282
Physics and Astronomy #59 #56 6.2% 10.6% 736 1.1k
Psychology #82 #103 7.3% 3.3% 1.1k 1k
Social Sciences #74 #115 9.6% 6.3% 8.1k 12k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Kazakhstan

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainable Development2,930▲ 4.0×107 topics
  2. Climate Change2,302▲ 1.83×125 topics
  3. Globalization2,060▲ 2.3×155 topics
  4. Innovation2,045▲ 4.3×77 topics
  5. Education1,859▲ 2.3×127 topics
  6. Sustainability1,598▲ 1.41×127 topics
  7. Educational Technology1,528▲ 2.8×47 topics
  8. Artificial Intelligence1,416▲ 2.1×65 topics
  9. Renewable Energy1,317▲ 1.96×59 topics
  10. Energy Efficiency1,275▲ 3.0×45 topics
  11. E-Learning1,254▲ 2.8×25 topics
  12. Digital Transformation1,221▲ 4.9×30 topics
  13. Online Learning1,056▲ 2.7×26 topics
  14. Pedagogy1,044▲ 4.5×27 topics
  15. Legal Regulation1,032▲ 9.9×8 topics
  16. Food Security1,014▲ 4.0×24 topics
  17. Economic Development995▲ 2.7×50 topics
  18. Economic Security965▲ 9.8×7 topics
  19. Digitalization959▲ 10×14 topics
  20. Teacher Training911▲ 3.2×26 topics
  21. Ethnicity894▲ 5.2×22 topics
  22. Digital Economy894▲ 9.6×19 topics
  23. Higher Education879▲ 3.6×30 topics
  24. Regional Development854▲ 5.4×21 topics
  25. Culture849▲ 3.5×33 topics
  26. Migration766▲ 4.8×30 topics
  27. Islam635▲ 6.6×5 topics
  28. Geopolitics627▲ 8.9×11 topics
  29. Strategic Planning618▲ 9.1×5 topics
  30. Foresight613▲ 10×2 topics
  31. International Trade Law612▲ 10×2 topics
  32. Public Oversight607▲ 11×1 topic
  33. Transport Policy607▲ 11×1 topic
  34. Modernization604▲ 7.1×5 topics
  35. Sharia Law592▲ 8.9×2 topics
  36. Malay Language592▲ 9.1×1 topic
  37. Design584▲ 7.7×6 topics
  38. Air Force572▲ 10×1 topic
  39. Warfare572▲ 10×1 topic
  40. Central Asia572▲ 17×4 topics

Uzbekistan

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Pedagogy7,132▲ 21×26 topics
  2. Language Teaching6,555▲ 37×8 topics
  3. Digital Education6,332▲ 64×7 topics
  4. Educational Technologies6,278▲ 104×2 topics
  5. Tourism Development6,095▲ 67×2 topics
  6. Teaching Methods6,091▲ 57×10 topics
  7. Critical Thinking6,061▲ 79×5 topics
  8. Formative Assessment6,046▲ 109×2 topics
  9. Artistic Education6,019▲ 139×1 topic
  10. Student Competencies6,019▲ 139×1 topic
  11. Globalization5,596▲ 4.3×147 topics
  12. Sustainability4,687▲ 2.9×125 topics
  13. Digital Economy4,324▲ 32×18 topics
  14. Entrepreneurship4,139▲ 16×22 topics
  15. Economic Development4,107▲ 7.7×48 topics
  16. Renewable Energy3,494▲ 3.6×60 topics
  17. Sustainable Development3,486▲ 3.4×102 topics
  18. Investment3,309▲ 44×6 topics
  19. Industrial Enterprises3,228▲ 143×1 topic
  20. Innovation Economics3,228▲ 143×1 topic
  21. Innovation2,735▲ 4.0×81 topics
  22. Education2,463▲ 2.2×132 topics
  23. Educational Technology2,452▲ 3.1×45 topics
  24. Energy Consumption2,050▲ 14×8 topics
  25. E-Learning2,039▲ 3.2×26 topics
  26. History2,007▲ 4.3×50 topics
  27. Climate Change Impact1,988▲ 13×8 topics
  28. Irrigation1,929▲ 150×1 topic
  29. Water Efficiency1,929▲ 150×1 topic
  30. Online Learning1,812▲ 3.3×26 topics
  31. Language1,754▲ 11×15 topics
  32. Philosophy1,753▲ 6.0×39 topics
  33. Digitalization1,460▲ 11×14 topics
  34. Ethnicity1,436▲ 5.8×22 topics
  35. Global Governance1,426▲ 8.9×23 topics
  36. Migration1,397▲ 6.2×31 topics
  37. Legal Regulation1,363▲ 9.1×8 topics
  38. Economic Security1,301▲ 9.2×7 topics
  39. Islam1,195▲ 8.7×5 topics
  40. Social Influence1,194▲ 8.5×3 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Uzbekistan has out-published Kazakhstan every year since 2025, when it overtook it.

still counting10k20kUzbekistan14k in 2025Kazakhstan11k in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%Uzbekistan0.24% in 2025Kazakhstan0.19% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%Kazakhstan8.7% in 2025Uzbekistan5.4% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Kazakhstan 05 level0 Uzbekistan
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Kazakhstan or Uzbekistan?

Uzbekistan publishes 1.2× as much research as Kazakhstan in 2022-now (48k against 40k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Kazakhstan or Uzbekistan?

7.7% of Kazakhstan's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 6.1% for Uzbekistan.

Is Kazakhstan or Uzbekistan growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +108% against 2018-21 for Uzbekistan, and +81% for Kazakhstan.

Which has more open access research, Kazakhstan or Uzbekistan?

68% of Kazakhstan's research is free to read, against 68% of Uzbekistan's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Kazakhstan or Uzbekistan?

Kazakhstan holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Uzbekistan 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Kazakhstan

  1. 1Nazarbayev University14.3% top 10% · 3.1k works
  2. 2Suleyman Demirel University5.8% top 10% · 2.9k works
  3. 3L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University7.3% top 10% · 3.1k works
  4. 4Astana Medical University7.4% top 10% · 1.8k works
  5. 5Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University8.9% top 10% · 1.2k works
  6. 6Ahmet Yesevi University7.6% top 10% · 795 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Kazakhstan

  1. 1 Kairat Davletov #4,259 worldwide 125k citations · 151 works
  2. 2 Mukhtar Kulimbet #8,033 worldwide 26k citations · 91 works
  3. 3 Shazim Ali Memon #24,150 worldwide 9.8k citations · 153 works
  4. 4 Anas Hajar #24,262 worldwide 1.1k citations · 125 works
  5. 5 Mayowa Tosin Babalola #43,099 worldwide 3.7k citations · 74 works

Uzbekistan

  1. 1 Farruh Atamurotov #8,102 worldwide 5.7k citations · 283 works
  2. 2 Javlon Rayimbaev #10,233 worldwide 3.6k citations · 178 works
  3. 3 Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov #23,455 worldwide 7.2k citations · 268 works
  4. 4 Inomjon Ibragimov #46,540 worldwide 554 citations · 53 works
  5. 5 Bobomurat J. Ahmedov #76,306 worldwide 8.6k citations · 318 works