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Science in Eswatini

Eswatini ranks #158 of 189 countries on research quality in 2022-now (#149 all time), with 489 research works and 6.5% of them in the world's top 10%.

World rank, 2022-now
#158
of 189 · #149 all time
Works, 2022-now
489
▼ 3% vs 2018-21
Citations
19k
9.0 per fractional work, all time
Top-10% rate
6.5%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.93×
1.00× is exactly expected
In the world top 100
0
0 in the top 1,000
Open access
59%
world 40%
International
36%
world 18%
Eswatini

Which fields of science does Eswatini work in?

In 2022-now, 45% of research in Eswatini is in Social Sciences, 20% in Health Sciences. Its largest fields are Social Sciences (29%), Medicine (13%), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (13%). It does 1.8× the world's share of Social Sciences.

Social Sciences: 253 fractional works · 45.3% of its workSocial Sciences: 164 fractional works · 29.4% of its workEducation: 65 fractional works · 11.7% of its workSociology and Political Science: 39 fractional works · 6.9% of its workAnthropology: 11 fractional works · 2.0% of its workSafety Research: 10 fractional works · 1.9% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 8 fractional works · 1.5% of its workLinguistics and Language: 6 fractional works · 1.1% of its workLaw: 4 fractional works · 0.7% of its workGender Studies: 4 fractional works · 0.7% of its workCommunication: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDemography: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workUrban Studies: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPublic Administration: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCultural Studies: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 29 fractional works · 5.2% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 19 fractional works · 3.4% of its workFinance: 6 fractional works · 1.1% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 4 fractional works · 0.7% of its workArts and Humanities: 21 fractional works · 3.7% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 7 fractional works · 1.2% of its workLanguage and Linguistics: 7 fractional works · 1.2% of its workPhilosophy: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHistory: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workHistory and Philosophy of Science: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workVisual Arts and Performing Arts: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPsychology: 19 fractional works · 3.4% of its workClinical Psychology: 8 fractional works · 1.5% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 5 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSocial Psychology: 4 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 14 fractional works · 2.5% of its workAccounting: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workManagement Information Systems: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workStrategy and Management: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMarketing: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDecision Sciences: 6 fractional works · 1.0% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 3 fractional works · 0.6% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workHealth Sciences: 112 fractional works · 20.1% of its workMedicine: 74 fractional works · 13.3% of its workInfectious Diseases: 14 fractional works · 2.5% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 11 fractional works · 2.0% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 9 fractional works · 1.6% of its workEpidemiology: 7 fractional works · 1.3% of its workOncology: 4 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSurgery: 3 fractional works · 0.6% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workComplementary and alternative medicine: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workObstetrics and Gynecology: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEmergency Medicine: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysiology: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNephrology: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 10 fractional works · 1.8% of its workHealth Professions: 29 fractional works · 5.3% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 21 fractional works · 3.8% of its workSpeech and Hearing: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth Information Management: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNursing: 8 fractional works · 1.4% of its workNutrition and Dietetics: 7 fractional works · 1.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workDentistry: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workVeterinary: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workPhysical Sciences: 103 fractional works · 18.5% of its workComputer Science: 32 fractional works · 5.7% of its workInformation Systems: 10 fractional works · 1.9% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 6 fractional works · 1.1% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 6 fractional works · 1.1% of its workComputer Science Applications: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHuman-Computer Interaction: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnvironmental Science: 23 fractional works · 4.2% of its workEcology: 5 fractional works · 0.8% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 4 fractional works · 0.7% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workWater Science and Technology: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNature and Landscape Conservation: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPollution: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEcological Modeling: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEngineering: 22 fractional works · 4.0% of its workComputational Mechanics: 5 fractional works · 0.9% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 4 fractional works · 0.6% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMechanical Engineering: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOcean Engineering: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBuilding and Construction: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMathematics: 10 fractional works · 1.8% of its workModeling and Simulation: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workNumerical Analysis: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeometry and Topology: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMathematical Physics: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 6 fractional works · 1.0% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 4 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workChemistry: 3 fractional works · 0.6% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMaterials Science: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnergy: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workChemical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workLife Sciences: 90 fractional works · 16.1% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 71 fractional works · 12.7% of its workPlant Science: 23 fractional works · 4.1% of its workGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 12 fractional works · 2.2% of its workSoil Science: 8 fractional works · 1.5% of its workEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics: 7 fractional works · 1.3% of its workFood Science: 7 fractional works · 1.3% of its workAgronomy and Crop Science: 6 fractional works · 1.1% of its workInsect Science: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workForestry: 3 fractional works · 0.5% of its workAnimal Science and Zoology: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 10 fractional works · 1.8% of its workGenetics: 5 fractional works · 0.8% of its workMolecular Biology: 4 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 7 fractional works · 1.3% of its workVirology: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workImmunology: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNeuroscience: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workALL ITS WORKEswatini558fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences16%Physical Sciences19%Health Sciences20%Social Sciences45%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this country does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
    1. Social Sciences16429.4%
    2. Economics, Econometrics and Finance295.2%
    3. Arts and Humanities213.7%
    4. Psychology193.4%
    5. Business, Management and Accounting142.5%
    6. Decision Sciences61.0%
    1. Medicine7413.3%
    2. Health Professions295.3%
    3. Nursing81.4%
    4. Dentistry10.1%
    5. Veterinary00.0%
    1. Computer Science325.7%
    2. Environmental Science234.2%
    3. Engineering224.0%
    4. Mathematics101.8%
    5. Physics and Astronomy61.0%
    6. Chemistry30.6%
    7. Materials Science30.5%
    8. Earth and Planetary Sciences30.5%
    9. Energy10.1%
    10. Chemical Engineering00.1%
    1. Agricultural and Biological Sciences7112.7%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology101.8%
    3. Immunology and Microbiology71.3%
    4. Neuroscience10.1%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics10.1%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

Which keywords describe research in Eswatini?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Colonialism, Nationalism, Sustainable Agriculture, Higher Education, Technology Integration, Development, Online Learning and Globalization.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this country's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Colonialism27▲ 10×10 topics
  2. Globalization23▲ 2.1×40 topics
  3. Nationalism21▲ 8.5×9 topics
  4. Education18▲ 1.93×24 topics
  5. Online Learning17▲ 3.7×11 topics
  6. E-Learning16▲ 3.0×9 topics
  7. Higher Education16▲ 5.3×13 topics
  8. Sustainable Agriculture15▲ 9.0×10 topics
  9. Human Rights14▲ 2.5×15 topics
  10. Social Justice14▲ 4.1×13 topics
  11. Development13▲ 6.7×8 topics
  12. Technology Integration13▲ 7.5×8 topics
  13. History12▲ 3.2×8 topics
  14. Rural Development12▲ 6.4×9 topics
  15. Land Reform11▲ 43×2 topics
  16. Smallholder Farmers11▲ 9.5×5 topics
  17. Antiretroviral Therapy11▲ 12×6 topics
  18. Postcolonialism11▲ 14×6 topics
  19. Student Satisfaction11▲ 11×2 topics
  20. Social Networks11▲ 7.1×5 topics
  21. Social Impact11▲ 4.9×8 topics
  22. Gender Equality10▲ 6.6×8 topics
  23. Blended Learning10▲ 13×4 topics
  24. Political Economy10▲ 7.0×5 topics
  25. Mortality Rates10▲ 18×2 topics
  26. Poverty Reduction10▲ 14×5 topics
  27. Reflective Practice10▲ 9.3×6 topics
  28. Gender Inequality10▲ 13×6 topics
  29. Distance Education9▲ 8.7×3 topics
  30. Technology Adoption9▲ 8.7×3 topics
  31. Community Health Workers9▲ 18×2 topics
  32. Agrarian Relations8▲ 165×1 topic
  33. Instructional Design8▲ 20×2 topics
  34. Zimbabwe8▲ 165×1 topic
  35. Community of Inquiry8▲ 27×1 topic
  36. Maternal Mortality8▲ 6.6×5 topics
  37. Social Presence8▲ 27×1 topic
  38. Multilingualism8▲ 8.8×5 topics
  39. Gender Dynamics8▲ 13×2 topics
  40. Imperialism8▲ 17×2 topics

Which research topics does Eswatini publish the most in?

Its largest topics in 2022-now are African studies and sociopolitical issues, Online and Blended Learning, African history and culture studies.

African studies and sociopolitical issues: 8 fractional worksOnline and Blended Learning: 8 fractional worksAfrican history and cult…7African history and culture studies: 7 fractional worksAgricultural Innovations and Practices: 7 fractional worksGlobal Maternal and Child Health: 7 fractional worksHIV/AIDS Research and In…6HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions: 6 fractional worksAdolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health: 6 fractional worksAfrican cultural and philosophical studies: 6 fractional worksPoverty, Education, and …6Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare: 6 fractional worksTeacher Education and Leadership Studies: 6 fractional worksEducation Systems and Policy: 5 fractional worksMultilingual Education and Policy: 4 fractional works
Sociology and Political ScienceEducationAnthropologyGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences5 others

Area is fractional works in 2022-now; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to. Every tile is a topic page.

  1. 1 African studies and sociopolitical issues Sociology and Political Science 8 works
  2. 2 Online and Blended Learning Education 8 works
  3. 3 African history and culture studies Anthropology 7 works
  4. 4 Agricultural Innovations and Practices General Agricultural and Biological Sciences 7 works
  5. 5 Global Maternal and Child Health Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health 7 works
  6. 6 HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions Infectious Diseases 6 works
  7. 7 Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health General Health Professions 6 works
  8. 8 African cultural and philosophical studies Education 6 works
  9. 9 Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare Safety Research 6 works
  10. 10 Teacher Education and Leadership Studies Education 6 works
  11. 11 Education Systems and Policy Education 5 works
  12. 12 Multilingual Education and Policy Linguistics and Language 4 works

Which universities in Eswatini lead research?

University of Eswatini rank highest in Eswatini on research quality in 2022-now.

  1. 1University of EswatiniUniversity · Kwaluseni · #6,125 worldwide6.6% top 10% · 404 works

The track on each row is its top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below.

All ranked institutions in Eswatini

Who are the top researchers in Eswatini?

Elliot Mbunge, Gugu P. Maphalala and Priscilla S. Dlamini rank highest among researchers based in Eswatini.

  1. 1 Elliot Mbunge #521,149 worldwide 3k citations · 117 works
  2. 2 Gugu P. Maphalala #624,085 worldwide 2.2k citations · 74 works
  3. 3 Priscilla S. Dlamini #986,631 worldwide 2.1k citations · 38 works
  4. 4 Benhildah Muchemwa #997,821 worldwide 944 citations · 19 works
  5. 5 Welile Sikhondze #1,158,740 worldwide 818 citations · 34 works
  6. 6 Velephi Okello #1,443,370 worldwide 1.4k citations · 55 works
  7. 7 Stephen Gbenga Fashoto #1,484,994 worldwide 1.2k citations · 66 works
  8. 8 Debrah Vambe #1,571,094 worldwide 692 citations · 40 works
  9. 9 Xolisile Dlamini #1,641,753 worldwide 294 citations · 28 works
  10. 10 Sindy Matse #1,728,424 worldwide 443 citations · 41 works
Top researchers in Eswatini

How open and international is Eswatini's research?

59% of its research is openly available (world: 40%), and 36% is written with international co-authors (world: 18%).

openly available58.9%not open41.1%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors35.6%domestic only64.4%

World: 18% is written across borders.

In 2022-now, 72% of its research is openly available (world 63%) and 49% is written with co-authors abroad (world 22%). Against what its own mix of topics predicts, that is 1.03× the expected open access and 1.66× the expected international share, which puts it #115 of 173 countries on openness.

How has Eswatini's research grown?

Output in 2022-2025 was 3% lower than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Eswatini as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0021% in 2024.

still counting0.0020%0.0040%Eswatini0.0021% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Eswatini over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Over the whole record, 6.3% of its 2.1k works since 1951 reached the world top 10% for their field and year.

still counting5%10%15%all institutions10.0% in 2025Eswatini7.0% in 202520102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 8.8% in 2018.

Which countries have research most like Eswatini's?

Mozambique is Eswatini's closest research twin: of all countries, its research is spread across the fields most like Eswatini's, with both strong in Social Sciences.

  1. 1 MozambiqueBoth strong in Social Sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Agricultural and Biological Sciences 0.81 Compare
  2. 2 Democratic Republic of the CongoBoth strong in Nursing, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Economics, Econometrics and Finance 0.79 Compare
  3. 3 KenyaBoth strong in Nursing, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Agricultural and Biological Sciences 0.79 Compare
  4. 4 Sierra LeoneBoth strong in Nursing, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Agricultural and Biological Sciences 0.78 Compare
  5. 5 GhanaBoth strong in Nursing, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Agricultural and Biological Sciences 0.77 Compare

Similarity is the correlation of each side's location quotients across every field it publishes in, on a log scale: 1 is the same shape of research, 0 is unrelated. It ignores size. How it is measured.

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Eswatini on Science Explorer

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Research fields in Eswatini

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