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University · Charleston · United States

Citadel

In research, Citadel stands highest in Social Sciences (#4,527 of 9,585 worldwide), Social Sciences (#3,682 of 5,988 worldwide) and Physical Sciences (#8,931 of 10,670 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Media Technology (Media Technology is 17.6× its share of world research).

citadel.edu/rootROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#9,085
of 22,385 · #8,002 all time
Rank in United States
#1,229
of 3,332
Research works
2.3k
▲ 9% vs 2018-21
Citations
29k
12.9 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
5.7%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.81×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
35%
world 40%
International
15%
world 18%
Citadel

What is Citadel known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
Social SciencesDomain #4,527 of 9,585 7.3%181 #6694
Social SciencesField #3,682 of 5,988 8.0%87 #5280
Physical SciencesDomain #8,931 of 10,670 3.9%130 #7809

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where Citadel sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which of those standings moved

The same fields on both windows: where it stood over the whole record, and where it stands in 2022-now. The distance is the story, and it is the one thing the two rank columns above cannot show.

  1. Social Sciences#6,694 #4,527
  2. Social Sciences#5,280 #3,682
  3. Physical Sciences#7,809 #8,931
all time2022-now, better2022-now, worse

A dot further right is a better standing. Fields it was not ranked in over the whole record are left out.

Which fields of science does Citadel work in?

In 2022-now, 52% of research at Citadel is in Social Sciences, 38% in Physical Sciences. Its largest fields are Social Sciences (25%), Engineering (16%), Computer Science (9%). It does 2.1× the world's share of Social Sciences.

Social Sciences: 204 fractional works · 51.7% of its workSocial Sciences: 101 fractional works · 25.5% of its workSociology and Political Science: 33 fractional works · 8.4% of its workEducation: 30 fractional works · 7.7% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 15 fractional works · 3.8% of its workSafety Research: 4 fractional works · 1.0% of its workAnthropology: 4 fractional works · 0.9% of its workGender Studies: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workCultural Studies: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workCommunication: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDemography: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workLaw: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workTransportation: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workDevelopment: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPsychology: 33 fractional works · 8.5% of its workSocial Psychology: 13 fractional works · 3.3% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 13 fractional works · 3.2% of its workClinical Psychology: 4 fractional works · 1.1% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 24 fractional works · 6.2% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 5 fractional works · 1.3% of its workStrategy and Management: 5 fractional works · 1.3% of its workMarketing: 4 fractional works · 1.1% of its workAccounting: 4 fractional works · 0.9% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workManagement Information Systems: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 22 fractional works · 5.6% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 14 fractional works · 3.6% of its workFinance: 5 fractional works · 1.3% of its workGeneral Economics, Econometrics and Finance: 3 fractional works · 0.6% of its workArts and Humanities: 18 fractional works · 4.6% of its workHistory: 5 fractional works · 1.2% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 5 fractional works · 1.1% of its workPhilosophy: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHistory and Philosophy of Science: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workClassics: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMusic: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workVisual Arts and Performing Arts: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDecision Sciences: 6 fractional works · 1.4% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 3 fractional works · 0.6% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPhysical Sciences: 150 fractional works · 37.9% of its workEngineering: 62 fractional works · 15.6% of its workMedia Technology: 22 fractional works · 5.5% of its workArchitecture: 7 fractional works · 1.7% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 5 fractional works · 1.2% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 5 fractional works · 1.2% of its workMechanical Engineering: 4 fractional works · 1.0% of its workAerospace Engineering: 3 fractional works · 0.9% of its workComputational Mechanics: 3 fractional works · 0.8% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 3 fractional works · 0.6% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOcean Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.4% of its workBuilding and Construction: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMechanics of Materials: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSafety, Risk, Reliability and Quality: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workComputer Science: 36 fractional works · 9.2% of its workInformation Systems: 10 fractional works · 2.5% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 10 fractional works · 2.4% of its workComputer Science Applications: 6 fractional works · 1.6% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 4 fractional works · 1.1% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSignal Processing: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHardware and Architecture: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workMathematics: 18 fractional works · 4.6% of its workStatistics and Probability: 7 fractional works · 1.9% of its workApplied Mathematics: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workModeling and Simulation: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workGeometry and Topology: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workDiscrete Mathematics and Combinatorics: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNumerical Analysis: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Science: 14 fractional works · 3.6% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 3 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPollution: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workManagement, Monitoring, Policy and Law: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEcology: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNature and Landscape Conservation: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 7 fractional works · 1.8% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 4 fractional works · 0.9% of its workNuclear and High Energy Physics: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAstronomy and Astrophysics: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 6 fractional works · 1.4% of its workAtmospheric Science: 4 fractional works · 0.9% of its workOceanography: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemistry: 3 fractional works · 0.7% of its workPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workMaterials Science: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnergy: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workChemical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workHealth Sciences: 24 fractional works · 6.1% of its workMedicine: 18 fractional works · 4.5% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 4 fractional works · 1.0% of its workHealth Informatics: 3 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEpidemiology: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOrthopedics and Sports Medicine: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 5 fractional works · 1.4% of its workHealth Professions: 6 fractional works · 1.5% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 3 fractional works · 0.8% of its workOccupational Therapy: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNursing: 0 fractional works · 0.1% of its workLife Sciences: 17 fractional works · 4.3% of its workNeuroscience: 10 fractional works · 2.6% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 8 fractional works · 1.9% of its workNeurology: 2 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 4 fractional works · 1.0% of its workMolecular Biology: 3 fractional works · 0.8% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 2 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPlant Science: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.3% of its workALL ITS WORKCitadel395fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences4%Physical Sciences38%Health Sciences6%Social Sciences52%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 24 fields, with their numbers
    1. Social Sciences10125.5%
    2. Psychology338.5%
    3. Business, Management and Accounting246.2%
    4. Economics, Econometrics and Finance225.6%
    5. Arts and Humanities184.6%
    6. Decision Sciences61.4%
    1. Engineering6215.6%
    2. Computer Science369.2%
    3. Mathematics184.6%
    4. Environmental Science143.6%
    5. Physics and Astronomy71.8%
    6. Earth and Planetary Sciences61.4%
    7. Chemistry30.7%
    8. Materials Science20.5%
    9. Energy10.3%
    10. Chemical Engineering00.0%
    1. Medicine184.5%
    2. Health Professions61.5%
    3. Nursing00.1%
    1. Neuroscience102.6%
    2. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology41.0%
    3. Agricultural and Biological Sciences20.6%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology00.0%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics00.0%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What does Citadel specialise in?

Where its research is concentrated relative to its size: Media Technology takes 17.6× the share of its output that it takes of world research.

  1. Media TechnologySubfield · 21.7 works18×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient, a volume reading rather than an impact one. It surfaces small, lopsided specialities.

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.13× its world share, 2 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.20× its world share, 4 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 0.02× its world share, 0 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 1.58× its world share, 10 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 0.03× its world share, 0 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.12× its world share, 0 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.44× its world share, 3 worksChemistryComputer Science: 1.18× its world share, 36 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.92× its world share, 6 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.37× its world share, 1 worksEnergyEngineering: 1.04× its world share, 62 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.73× its world share, 14 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.16× its world share, 2 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 3.92× its world share, 18 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.82× its world share, 7 worksPhysics and AstronomyHealth Professions: 0.59× its world share, 6 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 0.23× its world share, 18 worksMedicineNursing: 0.18× its world share, 0 worksNursingArts and Humanities: 1.59× its world share, 18 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 1.91× its world share, 24 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 1.47× its world share, 6 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 2.61× its world share, 22 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 2.78× its world share, 33 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 2.01× its world share, 101 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Mathematics, 3.9×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 24 fields, with their numbers
  1. Mathematics3.92×18 works
  2. Psychology2.78×33 works
  3. Economics, Econometrics and Finance2.61×22 works
  4. Social Sciences2.01×101 works
  5. Business, Management and Accounting1.91×24 works
  6. Arts and Humanities1.59×18 works
  7. Neuroscience1.58×10 works
  8. Decision Sciences1.47×6 works
  9. Computer Science1.18×36 works
  10. Engineering1.04×62 works
  11. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.92×6 works
  12. Physics and Astronomy0.82×7 works
  13. Environmental Science0.73×14 works
  14. Health Professions0.59×6 works
  15. Chemistry0.44×3 works
  16. Energy0.37×1 works
  17. Medicine0.23×18 works
  18. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.20×4 works
  19. Nursing0.18×0 works
  20. Materials Science0.16×2 works
  21. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.13×2 works
  22. Chemical Engineering0.12×0 works
  23. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics0.03×0 works
  24. Immunology and Microbiology0.02×0 works

Who are the top researchers at Citadel?

Ranked on the quality score, Russell S. Sobel, John E. Weinstein and L. G. Hummerstone lead among researchers whose main affiliation is Citadel.

  1. 1 Russell S. Sobel United States · #443,399 worldwide 6.9k citations · 191 works
  2. 2 John E. Weinstein United States · #773,742 worldwide 3.5k citations · 61 works
  3. 3 L. G. Hummerstone United States · #773,966 worldwide 2.6k citations · 16 works
  4. 4 Britnie Delinger Kane United States · #1,525,098 worldwide 698 citations · 58 works
  5. 5 Stephanie N. Laughton United States · #2,069,713 worldwide 796 citations · 22 works
  6. 6 Jordana N. Navarro United States · #2,107,421 worldwide 636 citations · 79 works
  7. 7 Steve A. Nida United States · #2,412,754 worldwide 1.7k citations · 23 works
  8. 8 Stavros Triantafyllidis United States · #2,620,679 worldwide 319 citations · 25 works
  9. 9 Gregory W. Caskey United States · #2,632,242 worldwide 135 citations · 23 works
  10. 10 Lloyd A. Taylor United States · #2,708,987 worldwide 999 citations · 20 works
All ranked researchers at Citadel

What are the most cited papers from Citadel?

The most cited paper from Citadel is "Detection of Water in the LCROSS Ejecta Plume" (A. Colaprete, P. H. Schultz, Jennifer L. Heldmann et al., 2010), with 969 citations. Next come "FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider" (950) and "The Decline of the Gastropod Nucella Lapillus Around South-West England: Evidence for the Effect of Tributyltin from Antifouling Paints" (784).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Detection of Water in the LCROSS Ejecta Plume A. Colaprete, P. H. Schultz, Jennifer L. Heldmann et al. · Science 21 Oct 2010 969
2 FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider Asmâa Abada et al. · The European Physical Journal Special Topics Open access1,362 authors Jun 2019 950
3 The Decline of the Gastropod Nucella Lapillus Around South-West England: Evidence for the Effect of Tributyltin from Antifouling Paints Geoffrey W. Bryan, Peter Gibbs, L. G. Hummerstone et al. · Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom Open access Aug 1986 784
4 FCC Physics Opportunities A. Abada et al. · The European Physical Journal C Open access1,363 authors Jun 2019 691
5 FCC-hh: The Hadron Collider A. Abada et al. · The European Physical Journal Special Topics Open access1,363 authors Jul 2019 654
All 60 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at Citadel?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Engineering Education, Curriculum Development, Student Engagement, Globalization, Lifelong Learning, STEM Education, Assessment Methods and Outcome-Based Education.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Engineering Education29▲ 84×4 topics
  2. Globalization23▲ 3.0×29 topics
  3. Curriculum Development20▲ 7.7×5 topics
  4. Educational Technology16▲ 3.5×13 topics
  5. Student Engagement16▲ 10×11 topics
  6. Lifelong Learning14▲ 18×6 topics
  7. STEM Education14▲ 7.8×6 topics
  8. Assessment Methods14▲ 32×3 topics
  9. Education13▲ 1.86×23 topics
  10. Higher Education12▲ 5.8×10 topics
  11. Outcome-Based Education12▲ 123×1 topic
  12. Professional Skills12▲ 94×1 topic
  13. Distance Learning11▲ 7.9×4 topics
  14. History10▲ 3.5×16 topics
  15. Neoliberalism10▲ 6.7×8 topics
  16. Innovation9▲ 2.2×13 topics
  17. Entrepreneurship9▲ 5.6×5 topics
  18. Project-Based Learning9▲ 57×3 topics
  19. Remote Laboratories8▲ 81×1 topic
  20. Virtual Labs8▲ 81×1 topic
  21. Gender8▲ 3.7×16 topics
  22. Colonialism8▲ 4.2×14 topics
  23. Middle East8▲ 32×2 topics
  24. Leadership8▲ 3.9×9 topics
  25. Motivation7▲ 4.5×3 topics
  26. Politics7▲ 7.0×5 topics
  27. Learning Outcomes7▲ 4.4×6 topics
  28. Religion7▲ 3.9×12 topics
  29. Teaching Strategies7▲ 6.3×4 topics
  30. Hands-On Learning7▲ 204×1 topic
  31. Integrated First-Year Curriculum7▲ 204×1 topic
  32. Gender Differences6▲ 4.3×11 topics
  33. Feminism6▲ 5.3×8 topics
  34. Peacebuilding6▲ 23×3 topics
  35. Active Learning6▲ 8.7×4 topics
  36. Teacher Professional Development6▲ 9.5×4 topics
  37. Genocide6▲ 27×2 topics
  38. Learning Analytics5▲ 11×2 topics
  39. Cognitive Development5▲ 10×6 topics
  40. Local Turn5▲ 80×1 topic

Which research topics does Citadel publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Engineering Education and Curriculum Development, Experimental Learning in Engineering, Engineering Education and Pedagogy and Peacebuilding and International Security.

Engineering Education an…12Engineering Education and Curriculum Development: 12 fractional worksExperimental Learning in Engineering: 8 fractional worksEngineering Education and Pedagogy: 7 fractional worksPeacebuilding and International Security: 5 fractional worksInnovative Teaching Methods: 4 fractional worksMiddle East and Rwanda Conflicts: 4 fractional worksEducational Games and Gamification: 4 fractional worksIslamic Studies and History: 4 fractional worksInnovative Teaching and Learning Methods: 3 fractional worksTeaching and Learning Programming: 3 fractional works
Media TechnologyArchitectureSociology and Political ScienceEducation3 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Engineering Education and Curriculum Development Media Technology 12 works
  2. 2 Experimental Learning in Engineering Media Technology 8 works
  3. 3 Engineering Education and Pedagogy Architecture 7 works
  4. 4 Peacebuilding and International Security Sociology and Political Science 5 works
  5. 5 Innovative Teaching Methods Education 4 works
  6. 6 Middle East and Rwanda Conflicts Sociology and Political Science 4 works
  7. 7 Educational Games and Gamification Developmental and Educational Psychology 4 works
  8. 8 Islamic Studies and History Political Science and International Relations 4 works
  9. 9 Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods Developmental and Educational Psychology 3 works
  10. 10 Teaching and Learning Programming Computer Science Applications 3 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available34.7%not open65.3%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors15.3%domestic only84.7%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has Citadel's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 9% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Citadel as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0019% in 2024.

still counting0.0025%0.0050%0.0075%Citadel0.0016% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Citadel over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting10%20%all institutions10.0% in 2025Citadel4.4% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 17.3% in 1994.

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Citadel on Science Explorer

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