Science Explorer Interactive view Map

Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry

Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry is a research topic within Materials Chemistry. Science Explorer counts 26k research works in it since 1950. 17.1% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the development, properties, and applications of photochromic materials and molecular switches, including diarylethenes, azobenzenes, and spiropyrans. The research covers areas such as fluorescence modulation, optical control, nanoparticles, and their diverse biological applications.

  • Photochromic
  • Molecular Switches
  • Diarylethenes
  • Azobenzene
  • Spiropyran
  • Fluorescence Modulation
  • Optical Control
  • Nanoparticles
  • Biological Applications
  • Light-Activated
Research works
26k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
4.5k
per year above
Top-10% rate
17.1%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2013–17 → 2018–22
+8%
the tick is no change

Which countries lead Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (1.3k and 377 works in 2022–2025).

By volume, 2022–2025

  1. 1 China 1.3k works
  2. 2 United States 377 works
  3. 3 India 338 works
  4. 4 Japan 307 works
  5. 5 Germany 249 works
  6. 6 France 188 works
  7. 7 Russia 167 works
  8. 8 South Korea 101 works
  9. 9 Italy 90 works
  10. 10 United Kingdom 85 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 41.2%United States: 11.7%India: 10.4%Japan: 9.5%6 others listed: 27.2%41%largest
China1,331 · 41.2%United States377 · 11.7%India338 · 10.4%Japan307 · 9.5%6 others listed879 · 27.2%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry research?

By volume in 2022–2025, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique publishes the most Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry research, followed by East China University of Science and Technology and Sichuan University.

Who are the leading researchers in Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry include Ben Zhong Tang, Wei Huang and Krzysztof Matyjaszewski.

  1. 1 Ben Zhong Tang Hong Kong 7k citations
  2. 2 Wei Huang China 5.5k citations
  3. 3 Krzysztof Matyjaszewski United States 4.4k citations
  4. 4 Vincenzo Barone Italy 3.9k citations
  5. 5 Peter G. Jones Germany 3.6k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

Where is Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry research done?

The largest centres of Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry research in 2022–2025 are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Tokyo (Japan) and Nanjing (China).

Largest cities, 2022–2025

  1. 1 Beijing China 200 works
  2. 2 Shanghai China 116 works
  3. 3 Tokyo Japan 73 works
  4. 4 Nanjing China 69 works
  5. 5 Moscow Russia 64 works
  6. 6 Paris France 63 works
  7. 7 Guangzhou China 59 works
  8. 8 Hangzhou China 57 works
  9. 9 Xi'an China 51 works
  10. 10 Chengdu China 48 works
See Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry on the map

Where is the best place to study Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry?

Among universities, judged by research, East China University of Science and Technology, University of Groningen and Zhejiang Sci-Tech University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 22.48%fractional works in this node (log) →share in the world top 10% →East China University of Science and Technology: 27, 25.6%University of Groningen: 16, 31.0%Zhejiang Sci-Tech University: 18, 31.5%Beijing University of Chemical Technology: 24, 23.1%University of Münster: 14, 13.9%Karlsruhe Institute of Technology: 19, 13.6%Luoyang Normal University: 8, 20.5%University of Würzburg: 11, 27.8%Qingdao University: 11, 28.9%Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata: 12, 8.9%Zhejiang Sci-Tech Un…University of Gronin…East China Universit…Beijing University o…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the table below. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1 East China University of Science and TechnologyChina 63.725.6%13.6×27 +27.9%
2 University of GroningenNetherlands 62.331.0%8.3×16 +17.4%
3 Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityChina 60.831.5%14.5×18 +4.5%
4 Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyChina 60.723.1%13.5×24 +36.7%
5 University of MünsterGermany 59.713.9%10.0×14 +226.4%
6 Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyGermany 58.013.6%8.8×19 +141.2%
7 Luoyang Normal UniversityChina 54.420.5%46.9×8 +384.4%
8 University of WürzburgGermany 53.027.8%12.0×11 -45.1%
9 Qingdao UniversityChina 48.728.9%4.9×11 +186.6%
10 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research KolkataIndia 48.08.9%42.1×12 +118.2%

Universities only. Score blends excellence (30%), specialisation (25%), size (20%), growth (15%) and international reach (10%), 2015–2022; growth compares 2010–14 with 2015–19.

Is Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry research growing?

Output in 2018–2022 was 8% higher than in 2013–2017, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Photochromic and Fluorescence Chemistry.

19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon — one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.