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Topic · Materials Chemistry

Crystallization and Solubility Studies

Crystallization and Solubility Studies is a research topic within Materials Chemistry. Science Explorer counts 31k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the crystallization processes and control, including topics such as nucleation, solubility, polymorphism, ultrasound-assisted crystallization, process analytical technology, crystal growth, pharmaceutical crystallization, continuous crystallization, and crystal engineering.

  • Crystallization
  • Nucleation
  • Solubility
  • Polymorphism
  • Ultrasound-Assisted Crystallization
  • Process Analytical Technology
  • Crystal Growth
  • Pharmaceutical Crystallization
  • Continuous Crystallization
  • Crystal Engineering
Research works
31k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
3.1k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+1%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
34% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Crystallization and Solubility Studies

Which countries lead Crystallization and Solubility Studies research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (924 and 418 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 924 works
  2. 2 United States 418 works
  3. 3 India 411 works
  4. 4 Russia 175 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 161 works
  6. 6 Japan 158 works
  7. 7 Germany 154 works
  8. 8 France 124 works
  9. 9 Iran 96 works
  10. 10 Brazil 72 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 34.3%United States: 15.5%India: 15.3%Russia: 6.5%6 others listed: 28.4%34%largest
China924 · 34.3%United States418 · 15.5%India411 · 15.3%Russia175 · 6.5%6 others listed764 · 28.4%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Crystallization and Solubility Studies research?

By volume in 2022-now, Russian Academy of Sciences publishes the most Crystallization and Solubility Studies research, followed by Tianjin University and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 75 works
  2. 2 Tianjin UniversityChina 65 works
  3. 3 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 56 works
  4. 4 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 33 works
  5. 5 Tabriz University of Medical SciencesIran 29 works
  6. 6 State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringChina 29 works
  7. 7 Purdue University West LafayetteUnited States 22 works
  8. 8 Zhengzhou UniversityChina 21 works
  9. 9 East China University of Science and TechnologyChina 21 works
  10. 10 Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyChina 18 works

Who are the leading researchers in Crystallization and Solubility Studies?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Crystallization and Solubility Studies include Zhong Lin Wang, George M. Whitesides and Kai You Wang.

  1. 1 Zhong Lin Wang United States 491k citations
  2. 2 George M. Whitesides United States 267k citations
  3. 3 Kai You Wang China 224k citations
  4. 4 George M. Sheldrick Germany 220k citations
  5. 5 Guangming Zeng China 204k citations
  6. 6 Hua Zhang Singapore 196k citations
  7. 7 David Julian McClements United States 185k citations
  8. 8 Markus Antonietti Germany 185k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Crystallization and Solubility Studies?

The most cited paper in Crystallization and Solubility Studies is "Phaser crystallographic software" (Airlie J. McCoy, Ralf W. Grosse‐Kunstleve, Paul D. Adams et al., 2007), with 21,198 citations. Next come "ORTEP-3 for Windows - a version ofORTEP-III with a Graphical User Interface (GUI)" (19,952) and "WinGX suite for small-molecule single-crystal crystallography" (18,916).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Phaser crystallographic software Airlie J. McCoy, Ralf W. Grosse‐Kunstleve, Paul D. Adams et al. · Journal of Applied Crystallography Open access 13 Jul 2007 21,198
2 ORTEP-3 for Windows - a version ofORTEP-III with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) Louis J. Farrugia · Journal of Applied Crystallography Oct 1997 19,952
3 WinGX suite for small-molecule single-crystal crystallography Louis J. Farrugia · Journal of Applied Crystallography Aug 1999 18,916
4 Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings 1PII of original article: S0169-409X(96)00423-1. The article was originally published in Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 23 (1997) 3–25. 1 Christopher A. Lipinski, Franco Lombardo, Beryl W. Dominy et al. · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews Review Mar 2001 18,154
5 Structure validation in chemical crystallography Anthony L. Spek · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography Open access 19 Jan 2009 15,462
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Crystallization and Solubility Studies research done?

The largest centres of Crystallization and Solubility Studies research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Tianjin (China), Moscow (Russia) and Shanghai (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Ivanovo and Tabriz.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 111 works
  2. 2 TianjinChina 103 works
  3. 3 MoscowRussia 64 works
  4. 4 ShanghaiChina 56 works
  5. 5 HangzhouChina 53 works
  6. 6 NanjingChina 49 works
  7. 7 TokyoJapan 47 works
  8. 8 QingdaoChina 42 works
  9. 9 ZhengzhouChina 38 works
  10. 10 TabrizIran 37 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. IvanovoRU · 20.6 works62×
  2. TabrizIR · 36.7 works15×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Crystallization and Solubility Studies than the world average.

See Crystallization and Solubility Studies on the map

Where is the best place to study Crystallization and Solubility Studies?

Among universities, judged by research, China Pharmaceutical University, Tianjin University and Qingdao University of Science and Technology score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 16.14%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →China Pharmaceutical…Qingdao University o…Purdue University We…Tianjin University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1China Pharmaceutical UniversityChina 68.222.2%17.8×13 +53.1%
2Tianjin UniversityChina 61.312.4%16.5×65 -15.0%
3Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyChina 60.716.0%15.5×18 +216.6%
4Purdue University West LafayetteUnited States 59.214.6%7.1×22 -20.9%
5Tabriz University of Medical SciencesIran 57.48.9%33.4×29 +6.4%
6Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityPoland 54.925.5%10.9×8 +30.4%
7Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyChina 54.324.9%8.0×11 +40.8%
8University of LimerickIreland 49.213.7%22.0×14 -41.9%
9Ural Federal UniversityRussia 48.214.8%10.8×10 +3.9%
10Imperial College LondonUnited Kingdom 48.18.4%3.8×12 +13.1%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Crystallization and Solubility Studies, country by country

Is Crystallization and Solubility Studies research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 1% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2024. The fastest-growing topics are Crystallization and Solubility Studies.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Crystallization and Solubility Studies as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.018% in 2024.

still counting0.050%0.10%Crystallization and Solubility Studies0.016% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Crystallization and Solubility Studies over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Crystallization and Solubility Studies10.1% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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