Bhutan vs Ghana
On research quality in 2022-now, Ghana ranks #58 in the world and Bhutan #140, of 189 countries. Bhutan stands higher in 0 of the 19 fields both publish in, Ghana in 19.
Research profiles alike: 0.87very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Bhutan
- World rank, 2022-now
- #140
- #160 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 917
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 4.9%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 74%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Ecological Modeling, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Virology.
Ghana
- World rank, 2022-now
- #58
- #68 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 27k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 10.8%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 65%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Library and Information Sciences, Horticulture, Research and Theory.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Ghana leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate, citations per work and growth. Bhutan leads on 2 of 9 measures: open access and international co-authorship. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #140Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#58
- 0.75×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected1.00×
- 917Outputfractional works, 2022-now27k
- 4.9%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited10.8%
- 8.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work12.1
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 74%Open accessof its works free to read, all time65%
- 35%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time33%
- +32%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+42%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Bhutan stands higher in 0 of 19 fields, Ghana in 19. Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- -Agricultural and Biological Sciences#43
- -Arts and Humanities#55
- -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#61
- -Business, Management and Accounting#46
- -Computer Science#62
- -Decision Sciences#45
- -Earth and Planetary Sciences#58
- -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#41
- -Energy#57
- -Engineering#72
- -Environmental Science#52
- -Health Professions#42
- -Immunology and Microbiology#40
- -Materials Science#70
- -Mathematics#60
- -Medicine#58
- -Nursing#40
- -Psychology#58
- -Social Sciences#59
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Bhutan rank | Ghana rank | Bhutan top 10% | Ghana top 10% | Bhutan works | Ghana works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | - | #43 | - | 11.0% | - | 2.3k |
| Arts and Humanities | - | #55 | - | 11.5% | - | 746 |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | - | #61 | - | 9.3% | - | 637 |
| Business, Management and Accounting | - | #46 | - | 12.9% | - | 2.3k |
| Computer Science | - | #62 | - | 10.8% | - | 1.4k |
| Decision Sciences | - | #45 | - | 9.5% | - | 458 |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | - | #58 | - | 11.4% | - | 207 |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | - | #41 | - | 13.1% | - | 1.6k |
| Energy | - | #57 | - | 9.8% | - | 235 |
| Engineering | - | #72 | - | 8.0% | - | 1.7k |
| Environmental Science | - | #52 | - | 9.1% | - | 1.9k |
| Health Professions | - | #42 | - | 13.2% | - | 1.1k |
| Immunology and Microbiology | - | #40 | - | 12.1% | - | 295 |
| Materials Science | - | #70 | - | 7.5% | - | 206 |
| Mathematics | - | #60 | - | 11.1% | - | 277 |
| Medicine | - | #58 | - | 10.1% | - | 4.3k |
| Nursing | - | #40 | - | 11.6% | - | 396 |
| Psychology | - | #58 | - | 8.7% | - | 1k |
| Social Sciences | - | #59 | - | 11.6% | - | 5k |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Bhutan
- Model Evaluation
- Occupancy Rates
- Vulnerability
- Higher-Order Thinking
- Nursing Education
- Population Dynamics
- Adaptation
- Biogeography
- Teacher Perception
- Conservation
- Higher Education
- Social Justice
- Meta-Analysis
- Teaching Strategies
- Remote Sensing
- Online Learning
- E-Learning
- Education
- Educational Technology
- Sustainability
- Climate Change
- Epidemiology
- Biodiversity
- Globalization
- Technology Integration
- Environmental Impact
- Renewable Energy
- Mobile Learning
- Invasive Species
- Student Satisfaction
- Student Engagement
- Google Classroom
- 21st Century Skills
- Habitat Fragmentation
- Global Change
- Critical Thinking Skills
- Habitat Selection
- Instructional Interventions
- Animal Movement
- Teacher Professional Development
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Climate Change90▲ 3.3×71 topics
- Sustainability48▲ 1.96×55 topics
- Epidemiology46▲ 1.16×75 topics
- Educational Technology40▲ 3.4×22 topics
- Biodiversity37▲ 4.9×22 topics
- Education37▲ 2.2×28 topics
- Globalization33▲ 1.65×37 topics
- E-Learning29▲ 3.0×11 topics
- Technology Integration28▲ 8.7×8 topics
- Online Learning27▲ 3.3×9 topics
- Environmental Impact27▲ 1.59×31 topics
- Remote Sensing27▲ 2.2×21 topics
- Renewable Energy25▲ 1.73×28 topics
- Teaching Strategies24▲ 8.4×5 topics
- Mobile Learning22▲ 6.3×4 topics
- Meta-Analysis21▲ 3.5×11 topics
- Invasive Species20▲ 4.8×16 topics
- Social Justice19▲ 3.2×13 topics
- Student Satisfaction19▲ 10×2 topics
- Higher Education18▲ 3.3×14 topics
- Student Engagement18▲ 4.4×10 topics
- Conservation17▲ 3.9×16 topics
- Google Classroom16▲ 16×1 topic
- Teacher Perception16▲ 15×1 topic
- 21st Century Skills16▲ 5.6×6 topics
- Biogeography16▲ 5.6×13 topics
- Habitat Fragmentation15▲ 7.0×5 topics
- Adaptation15▲ 4.9×6 topics
- Global Change15▲ 5.5×5 topics
- Population Dynamics14▲ 5.6×8 topics
- Critical Thinking Skills14▲ 7.8×2 topics
- Nursing Education14▲ 10×2 topics
- Habitat Selection12▲ 17×2 topics
- Higher-Order Thinking12▲ 16×1 topic
- Instructional Interventions12▲ 16×1 topic
- Vulnerability12▲ 5.4×7 topics
- Animal Movement12▲ 23×1 topic
- Occupancy Rates12▲ 23×1 topic
- Teacher Professional Development12▲ 7.2×5 topics
- Model Evaluation11▲ 8.7×2 topics
Ghana
- Institutional Quality
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Vulnerability
- Global Burden of Disease
- Sustainable Agriculture
- Governance
- Smallholder Farmers
- Child Mortality
- Leadership
- Urbanization
- Biodiversity Conservation
- Consumer Behavior
- Corporate Governance
- Supply Chain Management
- Mental Health
- Social Capital
- Education
- Renewable Energy
- Globalization
- Sustainability
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Environmental Impact
- Sustainable Development
- Economic Growth
- Public Health
- Risk Management
- Maternal Mortality
- Poverty Reduction
- Community Health Workers
- Health Inequalities
- Child Development
- Socio-economic Factors
- Health Systems
- Social Networks
- Development
- Gender Inequality
- Poverty Alleviation
- ICT
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology1,614▲ 1.30×136 topics
- Sustainability1,476▲ 1.93×109 topics
- Climate Change1,179▲ 1.39×111 topics
- Globalization1,054▲ 1.72×132 topics
- Environmental Impact932▲ 1.75×67 topics
- Renewable Energy815▲ 1.80×53 topics
- Sustainable Development808▲ 1.65×89 topics
- Education786▲ 1.46×101 topics
- Economic Growth786▲ 3.1×34 topics
- Social Capital700▲ 4.3×21 topics
- Public Health690▲ 1.52×65 topics
- Mental Health661▲ 1.48×43 topics
- Risk Management650▲ 4.4×18 topics
- Supply Chain Management597▲ 2.1×26 topics
- Maternal Mortality544▲ 7.8×5 topics
- Corporate Governance529▲ 2.3×27 topics
- Poverty Reduction517▲ 13×7 topics
- Consumer Behavior514▲ 2.6×18 topics
- Community Health Workers479▲ 17×2 topics
- Biodiversity Conservation456▲ 3.9×17 topics
- Health Inequalities456▲ 12×5 topics
- Urbanization456▲ 3.6×13 topics
- Child Development449▲ 3.5×8 topics
- Leadership447▲ 2.9×35 topics
- Socio-economic Factors435▲ 12×3 topics
- Child Mortality432▲ 19×1 topic
- Health Systems432▲ 19×1 topic
- Smallholder Farmers429▲ 6.5×6 topics
- Social Networks417▲ 4.9×13 topics
- Governance412▲ 4.0×15 topics
- Development397▲ 3.6×19 topics
- Sustainable Agriculture395▲ 4.1×15 topics
- Gender Inequality381▲ 8.8×6 topics
- Global Burden of Disease372▲ 4.8×4 topics
- Poverty Alleviation372▲ 12×3 topics
- Vulnerability370▲ 5.1×8 topics
- ICT305▲ 7.3×5 topics
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition305▲ 12×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene305▲ 12×1 topic
- Institutional Quality302▲ 9.2×3 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Ghana has out-published Bhutan every year since 1981.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Bhutan or Ghana?
Ghana publishes 29.0× as much research as Bhutan in 2022-now (27k against 917 fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Bhutan or Ghana?
10.8% of Ghana's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 4.9% for Bhutan.
Is Bhutan or Ghana growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +42% against 2018-21 for Ghana, and +32% for Bhutan.
Which has more open access research, Bhutan or Ghana?
74% of Bhutan's research is free to read, against 65% of Ghana's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Bhutan or Ghana?
Bhutan holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Ghana 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Bhutan
- 1Royal University of Bhutan4.9% top 10% · 586 works
- 2Ministry of Agriculture and Forests5.1% top 10% · 159 works
- 3Centre for Bhutan Studies and GNH Research4.6% top 10% · 103 works
Ghana
- 1University of Ghana11.0% top 10% · 5.3k works
- 2University of Cape Coast12.8% top 10% · 2.8k works
- 3Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology10.8% top 10% · 4.5k works
- 4University for Development Studies11.1% top 10% · 1.9k works
- 5University of Education, Winneba8.0% top 10% · 1.4k works
- 6Takoradi Technical University13.8% top 10% · 404 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Bhutan
- 1 Sonam Wangchuk #879,489 worldwide 2.1k citations · 81 works
- 2 Karma Tempa #1,298,054 worldwide 366 citations · 27 works
- 3 Rajnish Ratna #1,299,859 worldwide 567 citations · 23 works
- 4 Pem Chuki #1,519,786 worldwide 503 citations · 21 works
- 5 Binay Thapa #1,532,348 worldwide 745 citations · 15 works
Ghana
- 1 Richard Gyan Aboagye #22,347 worldwide 39k citations · 250 works
- 2 Emmanuel Joel Aikins Abakah #27,882 worldwide 4.7k citations · 132 works
- 3 Martin Amogre Ayanore #33,207 worldwide 54k citations · 181 works
- 4 Robert Kokou Dowou #33,244 worldwide 25k citations · 109 works
- 5 Hubert Amu #37,771 worldwide 49k citations · 190 works