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Ethiopia vs Peru

On research quality in 2022-now, Ethiopia ranks #51 in the world and Peru #53, of 189 countries. Ethiopia stands higher in 13 of the 23 fields both publish in, Peru in 10.

Research profiles alike: 0.32somewhat alike shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Ethiopia

World rank, 2022-now
#51
#51 all time
Works, 2022-now
43k
fractional
Top-10% rate
13.1%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
80%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Agronomy and Crop Science, Soil Science, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology.

Peru

World rank, 2022-now
#53
#44 all time
Works, 2022-now
54k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.2%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
78%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Horticulture, Computer Science Applications, General Social Sciences.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Ethiopia leads on 5 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work and international co-authorship. Peru leads on 1 of 9 measures: output. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100, open access and growth.

Ethiopia 53 level1 Peru
  1. #51Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#53
  2. 1.24×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.65×
  3. 43kOutputfractional works, 2022-now54k
  4. 13.1%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.2%
  5. 13.5Citations per workall time, per fractional work4.2
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 80%Open accessof its works free to read, all time78%
  8. 25%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time19%
  9. +36%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+35%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Ethiopia stands higher in 13 of 23 fields, Peru in 10. Ethiopia leads most in Materials Science (#55 against #78); Peru leads most in Arts and Humanities (#46 against #89). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Ethiopia 1310 Peru
  1. #40Agricultural and Biological Sciences#41
  2. #89Arts and Humanities#46
  3. #45Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#66
  4. #66Business, Management and Accounting#39
  5. #55Chemistry-
  6. #76Computer Science#59
  7. #63Decision Sciences#44
  8. -Dentistry#40
  9. #55Earth and Planetary Sciences#50
  10. #60Economics, Econometrics and Finance#38
  11. #59Energy#62
  12. #60Engineering#65
  13. #60Environmental Science#61
  14. #36Health Professions#37
  15. #37Immunology and Microbiology#46
  16. #55Materials Science#78
  17. #64Mathematics#70
  18. #39Medicine#46
  19. -Neuroscience#55
  20. #29Nursing#45
  21. #71Physics and Astronomy-
  22. #56Psychology#40
  23. #63Social Sciences#40

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Ethiopia rankPeru rank Ethiopia top 10%Peru top 10% Ethiopia worksPeru works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #40 #41 12.1% 6.7% 7.3k 3.8k
Arts and Humanities #89 #46 14.1% 8.0% 357 2k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #45 #66 11.3% 4.3% 1.6k 1k
Business, Management and Accounting #66 #39 16.5% 9.3% 999 3.4k
Chemistry #55 - 13.0% - 373 -
Computer Science #76 #59 13.1% 7.0% 1.3k 4.5k
Decision Sciences #63 #44 9.8% 8.4% 280 441
Dentistry - #40 - 3.1% - 553
Earth and Planetary Sciences #55 #50 12.8% 4.2% 336 532
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #60 #38 14.7% 9.0% 916 3k
Energy #59 #62 9.9% 5.4% 292 413
Engineering #60 #65 11.6% 3.8% 3.4k 3k
Environmental Science #60 #61 10.8% 6.1% 4.2k 3.7k
Health Professions #36 #37 20.6% 7.5% 1.7k 2.9k
Immunology and Microbiology #37 #46 12.3% 5.5% 842 342
Materials Science #55 #78 12.7% 4.1% 960 324
Mathematics #64 #70 12.8% 6.2% 452 264
Medicine #39 #46 13.2% 4.9% 11k 6.6k
Neuroscience - #55 - 4.2% - 291
Nursing #29 #45 15.0% 4.2% 1.2k 247
Physics and Astronomy #71 - 4.4% - 280 -
Psychology #56 #40 13.8% 7.4% 975 2.7k
Social Sciences #63 #40 15.6% 9.5% 3.7k 14k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Ethiopia

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology3,660▲ 1.85×137 topics
  2. Climate Change3,512▲ 2.6×115 topics
  3. Sustainability2,509▲ 2.1×109 topics
  4. Maternal Mortality1,469▲ 13×5 topics
  5. Sustainable Agriculture1,335▲ 8.7×17 topics
  6. Public Health1,292▲ 1.79×65 topics
  7. Child Development1,276▲ 6.3×8 topics
  8. Environmental Impact1,216▲ 1.44×69 topics
  9. Health Inequalities1,210▲ 20×5 topics
  10. Adaptation1,145▲ 7.7×14 topics
  11. Community Health Workers1,145▲ 26×2 topics
  12. Socio-economic Factors1,109▲ 20×3 topics
  13. Child Mortality1,108▲ 31×1 topic
  14. Health Systems1,108▲ 31×1 topic
  15. Genetic Diversity1,032▲ 4.8×22 topics
  16. Remote Sensing1,030▲ 1.70×39 topics
  17. Global Burden of Disease1,015▲ 8.3×4 topics
  18. Smallholder Farmers1,014▲ 9.7×6 topics
  19. Cardiovascular Disease996▲ 1.76×39 topics
  20. Land Use Change973▲ 6.6×8 topics
  21. Maternal and Child Undernutrition939▲ 23×1 topic
  22. Water Sanitation Hygiene939▲ 23×1 topic
  23. Biodiversity Conservation850▲ 4.6×17 topics
  24. Food Security826▲ 3.1×23 topics
  25. Global Burden812▲ 3.0×12 topics
  26. Drought Tolerance749▲ 11×9 topics
  27. Vaccine728▲ 3.7×11 topics
  28. Livelihoods703▲ 41×2 topics
  29. Social Networks690▲ 5.1×12 topics
  30. Rural Development682▲ 4.0×17 topics
  31. Drug Resistance655▲ 4.6×9 topics
  32. Antiretroviral Therapy617▲ 7.6×6 topics
  33. Ecological Knowledge617▲ 29×2 topics
  34. Land Management616▲ 36×2 topics
  35. Pastoralists614▲ 49×1 topic
  36. Rangeland Degradation614▲ 49×1 topic
  37. Breeding529▲ 14×5 topics
  38. Conflict524▲ 6.5×10 topics
  39. Genetic Improvement476▲ 11×4 topics
  40. Agricultural Sustainability475▲ 8.5×6 topics

Peru

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Education6,030▲ 5.7×138 topics
  2. Sustainability3,629▲ 2.4×118 topics
  3. Innovation3,591▲ 5.7×82 topics
  4. Globalization3,303▲ 2.7×158 topics
  5. Small and Medium Enterprises3,036▲ 28×9 topics
  6. Digital Marketing3,015▲ 13×6 topics
  7. COVID-192,806▲ 3.5×31 topics
  8. Social Responsibility2,602▲ 18×12 topics
  9. Public Health2,593▲ 2.9×74 topics
  10. E-Learning2,578▲ 4.4×25 topics
  11. Innovation Ecosystems2,516▲ 40×4 topics
  12. Knowledge Management2,451▲ 7.2×40 topics
  13. Urban Development2,447▲ 11×19 topics
  14. Competitiveness2,442▲ 50×8 topics
  15. Economic Impact2,432▲ 7.4×12 topics
  16. Globalization Effects2,335▲ 55×3 topics
  17. Tourism Management2,309▲ 54×2 topics
  18. City Branding2,308▲ 61×1 topic
  19. Psychopharmacology Education2,308▲ 61×1 topic
  20. Sustainable Development2,265▲ 2.4×101 topics
  21. Pedagogy2,264▲ 7.4×29 topics
  22. Educational Technology2,072▲ 2.9×44 topics
  23. Teacher Training2,045▲ 5.4×29 topics
  24. Human Rights1,986▲ 3.2×84 topics
  25. Distance Learning1,945▲ 9.1×13 topics
  26. Latin America1,902▲ 16×23 topics
  27. Health Promotion1,893▲ 9.8×17 topics
  28. Organizational Culture1,860▲ 7.9×17 topics
  29. Digital Divide1,632▲ 10×8 topics
  30. Online Education1,589▲ 13×7 topics
  31. ICT1,544▲ 19×5 topics
  32. Digital Competence1,543▲ 29×4 topics
  33. Public Policy1,528▲ 5.3×27 topics
  34. Virtual Teaching1,522▲ 46×1 topic
  35. Nutrition1,492▲ 5.5×19 topics
  36. Student Performance1,275▲ 20×4 topics
  37. Organizational Commitment1,268▲ 11×5 topics
  38. Curriculum Design1,262▲ 30×3 topics
  39. Teacher Development1,258▲ 33×2 topics
  40. Educational Leadership1,253▲ 16×4 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Peru has out-published Ethiopia every year since 1980.

still counting5k10k15kPeru14k in 2025Ethiopia12k in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.10%0.20%0.30%Peru0.24% in 2025Ethiopia0.20% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Ethiopia13.8% in 2025Peru8.1% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Ethiopia 05 level0 Peru
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Ethiopia or Peru?

Peru publishes 1.3× as much research as Ethiopia in 2022-now (54k against 43k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Ethiopia or Peru?

13.1% of Ethiopia's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 7.2% for Peru.

Is Ethiopia or Peru growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +36% against 2018-21 for Ethiopia, and +35% for Peru.

Which has more open access research, Ethiopia or Peru?

80% of Ethiopia's research is free to read, against 78% of Peru's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Ethiopia or Peru?

Ethiopia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Peru 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Ethiopia

  1. 1New Generation University College9.8% top 10% · 1k works
  2. 2Jimma University13.7% top 10% · 2.5k works
  3. 3University of Gondar17.8% top 10% · 3k works
  4. 4Bahir Dar University14.1% top 10% · 3k works
  5. 5Arba Minch University13.6% top 10% · 1.4k works
  6. 6Ministry of Education15.3% top 10% · 512 works

Peru

  1. 1Universidad César Vallejo12.0% top 10% · 5.7k works
  2. 2Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú8.2% top 10% · 3.1k works
  3. 3Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia6.2% top 10% · 1.4k works
  4. 4National University of San Marcos5.7% top 10% · 5.2k works
  5. 5Universidad de Lima6.1% top 10% · 1.4k works
  6. 6Universidad Nacional de San Martín8.2% top 10% · 984 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Ethiopia

  1. 1 Hadush Negash Meles #16,043 worldwide 11k citations · 69 works
  2. 2 Addisu Dagnaw Melese #17,267 worldwide 59k citations · 72 works
  3. 3 Sofonias Kifle Tessema #19,123 worldwide 3.7k citations · 120 works
  4. 4 Semaw Ferede Abera #19,266 worldwide 118k citations · 94 works
  5. 5 Gebre Teklemariam Demoz #20,104 worldwide 74k citations · 71 works

Peru

  1. 1 Abel Monteagudo Mendoza #9,966 worldwide 6.2k citations · 101 works
  2. 2 Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado #10,182 worldwide 16k citations · 197 works
  3. 3 Rodolfo Vásquez #14,133 worldwide 16k citations · 148 works
  4. 4 Percy Núñez Vargas #30,849 worldwide 8.3k citations · 55 works
  5. 5 Norma Salinas #37,475 worldwide 9.9k citations · 177 works