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Ghana vs Timor-Leste

On research quality in 2022-now, Ghana ranks #58 in the world and Timor-Leste #162, of 189 countries. Ghana stands higher in 19 of the 19 fields both publish in, Timor-Leste in 0.

Research profiles alike: 0.86very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Ghana

World rank, 2022-now
#58
#68 all time
Works, 2022-now
27k
fractional
Top-10% rate
10.8%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
65%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Library and Information Sciences, Horticulture, Research and Theory.

Timor-Leste

World rank, 2022-now
#162
#182 all time
Works, 2022-now
673
fractional
Top-10% rate
5.1%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
83%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Linguistics and Language, Law, Human Factors and Ergonomics.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Ghana leads on 5 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, output, top-10% rate and citations per work. Timor-Leste leads on 3 of 9 measures: open access, international co-authorship and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Ghana 51 level3 Timor-Leste
  1. #58Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#162
  2. 1.00×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.66×
  3. 27kOutputfractional works, 2022-now673
  4. 10.8%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited5.1%
  5. 12.1Citations per workall time, per fractional work2.7
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 65%Open accessof its works free to read, all time83%
  8. 33%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time46%
  9. +42%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+194%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Ghana stands higher in 19 of 19 fields, Timor-Leste in 0. Ghana leads most in Social Sciences (#59 against #111). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Ghana 190 Timor-Leste
  1. #43Agricultural and Biological Sciences-
  2. #55Arts and Humanities-
  3. #61Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-
  4. #46Business, Management and Accounting-
  5. #62Computer Science-
  6. #45Decision Sciences-
  7. #58Earth and Planetary Sciences-
  8. #41Economics, Econometrics and Finance-
  9. #57Energy-
  10. #72Engineering-
  11. #52Environmental Science-
  12. #42Health Professions-
  13. #40Immunology and Microbiology-
  14. #70Materials Science-
  15. #60Mathematics-
  16. #58Medicine-
  17. #40Nursing-
  18. #58Psychology-
  19. #59Social Sciences#111

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Ghana rankTimor-Leste rank Ghana top 10%Timor-Leste top 10% Ghana worksTimor-Leste works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #43 - 11.0% - 2.3k -
Arts and Humanities #55 - 11.5% - 746 -
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #61 - 9.3% - 637 -
Business, Management and Accounting #46 - 12.9% - 2.3k -
Computer Science #62 - 10.8% - 1.4k -
Decision Sciences #45 - 9.5% - 458 -
Earth and Planetary Sciences #58 - 11.4% - 207 -
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #41 - 13.1% - 1.6k -
Energy #57 - 9.8% - 235 -
Engineering #72 - 8.0% - 1.7k -
Environmental Science #52 - 9.1% - 1.9k -
Health Professions #42 - 13.2% - 1.1k -
Immunology and Microbiology #40 - 12.1% - 295 -
Materials Science #70 - 7.5% - 206 -
Mathematics #60 - 11.1% - 277 -
Medicine #58 - 10.1% - 4.3k -
Nursing #40 - 11.6% - 396 -
Psychology #58 - 8.7% - 1k -
Social Sciences #59 #111 11.6% 6.6% 5k 258

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Ghana

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology1,614▲ 1.30×136 topics
  2. Sustainability1,476▲ 1.93×109 topics
  3. Climate Change1,179▲ 1.39×111 topics
  4. Globalization1,054▲ 1.72×132 topics
  5. Environmental Impact932▲ 1.75×67 topics
  6. Renewable Energy815▲ 1.80×53 topics
  7. Sustainable Development808▲ 1.65×89 topics
  8. Education786▲ 1.46×101 topics
  9. Economic Growth786▲ 3.1×34 topics
  10. Social Capital700▲ 4.3×21 topics
  11. Public Health690▲ 1.52×65 topics
  12. Mental Health661▲ 1.48×43 topics
  13. Risk Management650▲ 4.4×18 topics
  14. Supply Chain Management597▲ 2.1×26 topics
  15. Maternal Mortality544▲ 7.8×5 topics
  16. Corporate Governance529▲ 2.3×27 topics
  17. Poverty Reduction517▲ 13×7 topics
  18. Consumer Behavior514▲ 2.6×18 topics
  19. Community Health Workers479▲ 17×2 topics
  20. Biodiversity Conservation456▲ 3.9×17 topics
  21. Health Inequalities456▲ 12×5 topics
  22. Urbanization456▲ 3.6×13 topics
  23. Child Development449▲ 3.5×8 topics
  24. Leadership447▲ 2.9×35 topics
  25. Socio-economic Factors435▲ 12×3 topics
  26. Child Mortality432▲ 19×1 topic
  27. Health Systems432▲ 19×1 topic
  28. Smallholder Farmers429▲ 6.5×6 topics
  29. Social Networks417▲ 4.9×13 topics
  30. Governance412▲ 4.0×15 topics
  31. Development397▲ 3.6×19 topics
  32. Sustainable Agriculture395▲ 4.1×15 topics
  33. Gender Inequality381▲ 8.8×6 topics
  34. Global Burden of Disease372▲ 4.8×4 topics
  35. Poverty Alleviation372▲ 12×3 topics
  36. Vulnerability370▲ 5.1×8 topics
  37. ICT305▲ 7.3×5 topics
  38. Maternal and Child Undernutrition305▲ 12×1 topic
  39. Water Sanitation Hygiene305▲ 12×1 topic
  40. Institutional Quality302▲ 9.2×3 topics

Timor-Leste

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization46▲ 3.0×53 topics
  2. Community Empowerment46▲ 8.2×12 topics
  3. Sustainability38▲ 2.0×54 topics
  4. Health Education36▲ 11×10 topics
  5. Sustainable Development32▲ 2.7×34 topics
  6. Human Rights31▲ 4.0×26 topics
  7. Neoliberalism30▲ 11×11 topics
  8. Education29▲ 2.2×49 topics
  9. Corporate Governance29▲ 5.1×14 topics
  10. Social Justice28▲ 6.0×22 topics
  11. Non-Communicable Diseases25▲ 12×3 topics
  12. Maternal Health24▲ 12×4 topics
  13. Environmental Law24▲ 15×6 topics
  14. COVID-1924▲ 2.4×18 topics
  15. Educational Technology24▲ 2.6×24 topics
  16. Social Media24▲ 2.2×19 topics
  17. Breastfeeding24▲ 13×2 topics
  18. Public Health Policy23▲ 12×2 topics
  19. Peacebuilding23▲ 44×4 topics
  20. Child Nutrition23▲ 16×1 topic
  21. Stunting23▲ 16×1 topic
  22. Indonesia22▲ 6.6×5 topics
  23. Economic Development22▲ 3.6×19 topics
  24. Criminal Justice22▲ 13×6 topics
  25. Local Turn21▲ 180×1 topic
  26. Resilience Governance21▲ 180×1 topic
  27. Community Participation21▲ 7.8×8 topics
  28. Colonialism19▲ 5.1×14 topics
  29. Economic Impact18▲ 4.3×7 topics
  30. Child Development18▲ 5.5×8 topics
  31. International Law17▲ 6.9×9 topics
  32. Islamic Banking16▲ 5.6×3 topics
  33. Healthcare Access15▲ 7.0×7 topics
  34. Governance14▲ 5.7×8 topics
  35. Patient Satisfaction14▲ 5.8×6 topics
  36. Restorative Justice14▲ 13×3 topics
  37. Patient Experience13▲ 16×3 topics
  38. Corruption13▲ 10×5 topics
  39. Organizational Behavior13▲ 11×2 topics
  40. Legal Pluralism12▲ 20×3 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Ghana has out-published Timor-Leste every year since 2001.

still counting2.5k5k7.5kGhana7,317 in 2025Timor-Leste260 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.050%0.10%0.15%Ghana0.12% in 2025Timor-Leste0.0044% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Ghana11.1% in 2025Timor-Leste4.8% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Ghana 05 level0 Timor-Leste
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Ghana or Timor-Leste?

Ghana publishes 39.6× as much research as Timor-Leste in 2022-now (27k against 673 fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Ghana or Timor-Leste?

10.8% of Ghana's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 5.1% for Timor-Leste.

Is Ghana or Timor-Leste growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +194% against 2018-21 for Timor-Leste, and +42% for Ghana.

Which has more open access research, Ghana or Timor-Leste?

83% of Timor-Leste's research is free to read, against 65% of Ghana's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Ghana or Timor-Leste?

Ghana holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Timor-Leste 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Ghana

  1. 1University of Ghana11.0% top 10% · 5.3k works
  2. 2University of Cape Coast12.8% top 10% · 2.8k works
  3. 3Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology10.8% top 10% · 4.5k works
  4. 4University for Development Studies11.1% top 10% · 1.9k works
  5. 5University of Education, Winneba8.0% top 10% · 1.4k works
  6. 6Takoradi Technical University13.8% top 10% · 404 works

Timor-Leste

  1. 1Universidade da Paz6.1% top 10% · 342 works
  2. 2National University of East Timor4.0% top 10% · 330 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Ghana

  1. 1 Richard Gyan Aboagye #22,347 worldwide 39k citations · 250 works
  2. 2 Emmanuel Joel Aikins Abakah #27,882 worldwide 4.7k citations · 132 works
  3. 3 Martin Amogre Ayanore #33,207 worldwide 54k citations · 181 works
  4. 4 Robert Kokou Dowou #33,244 worldwide 25k citations · 109 works
  5. 5 Hubert Amu #37,771 worldwide 49k citations · 190 works

Timor-Leste

  1. 1 João Soares Martins #225,608 worldwide 3.1k citations · 53 works
  2. 2 Seguito Monteiro #2,276,815 worldwide 36 citations · 24 works
  3. 3 Salvador Amaral #2,597,992 worldwide 499 citations · 46 works
  4. 4 Juvinal Ximenes Guterres #2,767,071 worldwide 24 citations · 14 works
  5. 5 Joanita Bendita da Costa Jong #2,958,778 worldwide 368 citations · 23 works