Latvia vs Rwanda
On research quality in 2022-now, Rwanda ranks #69 in the world and Latvia #71, of 189 countries. Latvia stands higher in 9 of the 13 fields both publish in, Rwanda in 4.
Research profiles alike: 0.29somewhat alike shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Latvia
- World rank, 2022-now
- #71
- #97 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 13k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 6.8%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 57%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: General Energy, Political Science and International Relations, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance.
Rwanda
- World rank, 2022-now
- #69
- #72 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 4.6k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 10.2%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 73%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Chemical Health and Safety, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Developmental Biology.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Rwanda leads on 6 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Latvia leads on 2 of 9 measures: output and citations per work. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #71Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#69
- 0.66×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.99×
- 13kOutputfractional works, 2022-now4.6k
- 6.8%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited10.2%
- 9.4Citations per workall time, per fractional work8.2
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 57%Open accessof its works free to read, all time73%
- 30%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time57%
- +3%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+111%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Latvia stands higher in 9 of 13 fields, Rwanda in 4. Latvia leads most in Business, Management and Accounting (#65 against #78); Rwanda leads most in Environmental Science (#56 against #90). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- #75Agricultural and Biological Sciences#68
- #61Arts and Humanities-
- #71Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-
- #65Business, Management and Accounting#78
- #68Computer Science#75
- #72Economics, Econometrics and Finance-
- #68Engineering#81
- #90Environmental Science#56
- #77Health Professions-
- #61Materials Science-
- #71Medicine#56
- #72Psychology-
- #81Social Sciences#70
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Latvia rank | Rwanda rank | Latvia top 10% | Rwanda top 10% | Latvia works | Rwanda works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | #75 | #68 | 7.0% | 13.9% | 829 | 263 |
| Arts and Humanities | #61 | - | 8.9% | - | 458 | - |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | #71 | - | 5.3% | - | 487 | - |
| Business, Management and Accounting | #65 | #78 | 8.1% | 5.4% | 924 | 221 |
| Computer Science | #68 | #75 | 6.9% | 9.3% | 828 | 301 |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | #72 | - | 7.6% | - | 626 | - |
| Engineering | #68 | #81 | 5.4% | 8.8% | 1.9k | 331 |
| Environmental Science | #90 | #56 | 5.3% | 9.0% | 863 | 374 |
| Health Professions | #77 | - | 9.1% | - | 265 | - |
| Materials Science | #61 | - | 4.8% | - | 451 | - |
| Medicine | #71 | #56 | 7.8% | 10.4% | 1.4k | 890 |
| Psychology | #72 | - | 6.2% | - | 393 | - |
| Social Sciences | #81 | #70 | 7.7% | 11.6% | 2.4k | 799 |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Latvia
- Environmental Protection
- Resource Efficiency
- Postcolonial Theory
- Cold War
- Life Cycle Assessment
- Soviet Union
- Global Governance
- European Integration
- Digital Transformation
- European Union
- Corporate Governance
- Big Data
- Environmental Management
- Education
- Energy Efficiency
- Innovation
- Artificial Intelligence
- Renewable Energy
- Human Rights
- Sustainable Development
- Sustainability
- Climate Change
- Globalization
- Environmental Impact
- Machine Learning
- Epidemiology
- Economic Development
- Supply Chain Management
- Economic Growth
- International Law
- Social Capital
- International Relations
- Entrepreneurship
- Legal Regulation
- Criminal Justice
- Diplomacy
- Eastern Europe
- Cultural Integration
- Australia
- Financial Security
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Sustainability717▲ 2.0×112 topics
- Sustainable Development539▲ 2.3×96 topics
- Climate Change538▲ 1.35×116 topics
- Human Rights509▲ 3.4×76 topics
- Globalization452▲ 1.56×140 topics
- Renewable Energy451▲ 2.1×56 topics
- Environmental Impact389▲ 1.55×69 topics
- Artificial Intelligence388▲ 1.85×60 topics
- Machine Learning385▼ 0.79×87 topics
- Innovation379▲ 2.5×75 topics
- Epidemiology361▼ 0.62×133 topics
- Energy Efficiency304▲ 2.2×43 topics
- Economic Development288▲ 2.5×46 topics
- Education281◆ 1.11×120 topics
- Supply Chain Management260▲ 1.97×24 topics
- Environmental Management254▲ 4.2×19 topics
- Economic Growth238▲ 1.99×33 topics
- Big Data228▲ 1.62×31 topics
- International Law208▲ 4.5×31 topics
- Corporate Governance206▲ 1.90×28 topics
- Social Capital203▲ 2.7×18 topics
- European Union198▲ 6.0×25 topics
- International Relations187▲ 5.2×25 topics
- Digital Transformation182▲ 2.3×28 topics
- Entrepreneurship176▲ 3.0×21 topics
- European Integration149▲ 18×5 topics
- Legal Regulation137▲ 4.2×8 topics
- Global Governance136▲ 3.9×25 topics
- Criminal Justice135▲ 4.1×8 topics
- Soviet Union129▲ 16×3 topics
- Diplomacy127▲ 9.3×7 topics
- Life Cycle Assessment122▲ 3.0×8 topics
- Eastern Europe118▲ 15×3 topics
- Cold War118▲ 13×5 topics
- Cultural Integration114▲ 3.6×3 topics
- Postcolonial Theory108▲ 28×3 topics
- Australia106▲ 45×1 topic
- Resource Efficiency100▲ 5.0×3 topics
- Financial Security98▲ 6.3×3 topics
- Environmental Protection93▲ 13×10 topics
Rwanda
- Surgical Care
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
- Global Health
- Technology Integration
- Student Engagement
- Ethical Considerations
- Higher Education
- Health Systems
- Socio-economic Factors
- Risk Management
- Rwanda
- Middle East
- Risk Factors
- Politics
- Supply Chain Management
- Globalization
- Public Health
- Education
- Sustainability
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Machine Learning
- Deep Learning
- Environmental Impact
- Educational Technology
- Remote Sensing
- Genocide
- Maternal Mortality
- Media
- Qatar
- Community Health Workers
- Health Inequalities
- Child Mortality
- Teaching Strategies
- Child Development
- Global Burden of Disease
- Medical Education
- Vaccine
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Poverty Reduction
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Climate Change299▲ 1.99×104 topics
- Epidemiology291▲ 1.32×127 topics
- Machine Learning221▲ 1.20×84 topics
- Sustainability200▲ 1.48×92 topics
- Deep Learning169◆ 0.88×79 topics
- Education164▲ 1.73×70 topics
- Environmental Impact144▲ 1.53×58 topics
- Public Health141▲ 1.75×56 topics
- Educational Technology133▲ 2.0×30 topics
- Globalization129▲ 1.19×75 topics
- Remote Sensing123▲ 1.82×40 topics
- Supply Chain Management122▲ 2.5×21 topics
- Genocide120▲ 41×3 topics
- Politics114▲ 7.9×12 topics
- Maternal Mortality108▲ 8.7×5 topics
- Risk Factors106▲ 1.74×35 topics
- Media105▲ 13×5 topics
- Middle East105▲ 31×2 topics
- Qatar104▲ 104×1 topic
- Rwanda104▲ 104×1 topic
- Community Health Workers100▲ 20×2 topics
- Risk Management94▲ 3.6×14 topics
- Health Inequalities92▲ 14×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors89▲ 14×3 topics
- Child Mortality89▲ 22×1 topic
- Health Systems89▲ 22×1 topic
- Teaching Strategies84▲ 5.4×5 topics
- Higher Education82▲ 2.8×22 topics
- Child Development82▲ 3.6×8 topics
- Ethical Considerations75▲ 3.9×15 topics
- Global Burden of Disease75▲ 5.5×4 topics
- Student Engagement74▲ 3.4×16 topics
- Medical Education71▲ 4.8×11 topics
- Technology Integration70▲ 4.0×10 topics
- Vaccine69▲ 3.1×11 topics
- Global Health68▲ 7.9×7 topics
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition63▲ 14×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene63▲ 14×1 topic
- Poverty Reduction60▲ 8.4×5 topics
- Surgical Care46▲ 15×2 topics
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Latvia has out-published Rwanda every year since 1980.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Latvia or Rwanda?
Latvia publishes 2.9× as much research as Rwanda in 2022-now (13k against 4.6k fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Latvia or Rwanda?
10.2% of Rwanda's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 6.8% for Latvia.
Is Latvia or Rwanda growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +111% against 2018-21 for Rwanda, and +3% for Latvia.
Which has more open access research, Latvia or Rwanda?
73% of Rwanda's research is free to read, against 57% of Latvia's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Latvia or Rwanda?
Latvia holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Rwanda 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Latvia
- 1Riga Technical University5.8% top 10% · 2.3k works
- 2University of Latvia6.1% top 10% · 2.9k works
- 3College of Business Administration14.5% top 10% · 444 works
- 4College of Law5.7% top 10% · 1k works
- 5Riga Stradiņš University9.9% top 10% · 1k works
- 6Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies3.9% top 10% · 844 works
Rwanda
- 1University of Rwanda11.0% top 10% · 1.6k works
- 2University of Kigali6.7% top 10% · 612 works
- 3Ministry of Natural Resources12.5% top 10% · 458 works
- 4Rwanda Biomedical Center13.9% top 10% · 207 works
- 5University of Global Health Equity13.5% top 10% · 218 works
- 6Ministry of Education12.9% top 10% · 231 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Latvia
- 1 Andrejs Ērglis #117,746 worldwide 36k citations · 513 works
- 2 Kristaps Klavins #165,683 worldwide 3.6k citations · 104 works
- 3 Laima Tihomirova #186,734 worldwide 4.7k citations · 46 works
- 4 Liene Ņikitina-Zaķe #227,666 worldwide 18k citations · 108 works
- 5 Oskar Faix #233,046 worldwide 11k citations · 135 works
Rwanda
- 1 Corine Karema #100,026 worldwide 84k citations · 83 works
- 2 Claude Mambo Muvunyi #103,506 worldwide 4.7k citations · 224 works
- 3 Agnès Binagwaho #112,520 worldwide 24k citations · 297 works
- 4 Ainhoa Costas‐Chavarri #144,195 worldwide 4.1k citations · 51 works
- 5 Pierre Gashema #164,832 worldwide 531 citations · 71 works