Rwanda vs Tanzania
On research quality in 2022-now, Tanzania ranks #64 in the world and Rwanda #69, of 189 countries. Rwanda stands higher in 3 of the 15 fields both publish in, Tanzania in 12.
Research profiles alike: 0.81very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured
Compare other countries
Rwanda
- World rank, 2022-now
- #69
- #72 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 4.6k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 10.2%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 73%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Chemical Health and Safety, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Developmental Biology.
Tanzania
- World rank, 2022-now
- #64
- #74 all time
- Works, 2022-now
- 17k
- fractional
- Top-10% rate
- 7.7%
- share of its work among the world's most cited
- Open access
- 69%
- of its works free to read
Strongest relative focus: Library and Information Sciences, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Parasitology.
Who leads, measure by measure?
Rwanda leads on 5 of 9 measures: excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Tanzania leads on 3 of 9 measures: research quality, output and citations per work. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.
- #69Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#64
- 0.99×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.90×
- 4.6kOutputfractional works, 2022-now17k
- 10.2%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.7%
- 8.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work14.6
- 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
- 73%Open accessof its works free to read, all time69%
- 57%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time30%
- +111%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+101%
A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.
Who leads in each field?
Rwanda stands higher in 3 of 15 fields, Tanzania in 12. Tanzania leads most in Business, Management and Accounting (#59 against #78); Rwanda leads most in Environmental Science (#56 against #66). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.
- #68Agricultural and Biological Sciences#50
- -Arts and Humanities#65
- -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#63
- #78Business, Management and Accounting#59
- #75Computer Science#78
- -Decision Sciences#51
- -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#62
- #81Engineering#84
- #56Environmental Science#66
- -Health Professions#50
- -Immunology and Microbiology#41
- #56Medicine#49
- -Nursing#44
- -Psychology#67
- #70Social Sciences#66
Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.
The numbers behind each field
Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.
| Field | Rwanda rank | Tanzania rank | Rwanda top 10% | Tanzania top 10% | Rwanda works | Tanzania works |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | #68 | #50 | 13.9% | 9.3% | 263 | 1.8k |
| Arts and Humanities | - | #65 | - | 9.3% | - | 341 |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | - | #63 | - | 7.8% | - | 451 |
| Business, Management and Accounting | #78 | #59 | 5.4% | 7.3% | 221 | 1.4k |
| Computer Science | #75 | #78 | 9.3% | 7.5% | 301 | 773 |
| Decision Sciences | - | #51 | - | 3.7% | - | 353 |
| Economics, Econometrics and Finance | - | #62 | - | 6.2% | - | 768 |
| Engineering | #81 | #84 | 8.8% | 6.5% | 331 | 964 |
| Environmental Science | #56 | #66 | 9.0% | 6.8% | 374 | 1.4k |
| Health Professions | - | #50 | - | 10.9% | - | 630 |
| Immunology and Microbiology | - | #41 | - | 10.6% | - | 256 |
| Medicine | #56 | #49 | 10.4% | 8.1% | 890 | 3.1k |
| Nursing | - | #44 | - | 8.3% | - | 220 |
| Psychology | - | #67 | - | 6.5% | - | 434 |
| Social Sciences | #70 | #66 | 11.6% | 7.4% | 799 | 3.4k |
What is each known for?
The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.
Rwanda
- Surgical Care
- Water Sanitation Hygiene
- Global Health
- Technology Integration
- Student Engagement
- Ethical Considerations
- Higher Education
- Health Systems
- Socio-economic Factors
- Risk Management
- Rwanda
- Middle East
- Risk Factors
- Politics
- Supply Chain Management
- Globalization
- Public Health
- Education
- Sustainability
- Epidemiology
- Climate Change
- Machine Learning
- Deep Learning
- Environmental Impact
- Educational Technology
- Remote Sensing
- Genocide
- Maternal Mortality
- Media
- Qatar
- Community Health Workers
- Health Inequalities
- Child Mortality
- Teaching Strategies
- Child Development
- Global Burden of Disease
- Medical Education
- Vaccine
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition
- Poverty Reduction
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Climate Change299▲ 1.99×104 topics
- Epidemiology291▲ 1.32×127 topics
- Machine Learning221▲ 1.20×84 topics
- Sustainability200▲ 1.48×92 topics
- Deep Learning169◆ 0.88×79 topics
- Education164▲ 1.73×70 topics
- Environmental Impact144▲ 1.53×58 topics
- Public Health141▲ 1.75×56 topics
- Educational Technology133▲ 2.0×30 topics
- Globalization129▲ 1.19×75 topics
- Remote Sensing123▲ 1.82×40 topics
- Supply Chain Management122▲ 2.5×21 topics
- Genocide120▲ 41×3 topics
- Politics114▲ 7.9×12 topics
- Maternal Mortality108▲ 8.7×5 topics
- Risk Factors106▲ 1.74×35 topics
- Media105▲ 13×5 topics
- Middle East105▲ 31×2 topics
- Qatar104▲ 104×1 topic
- Rwanda104▲ 104×1 topic
- Community Health Workers100▲ 20×2 topics
- Risk Management94▲ 3.6×14 topics
- Health Inequalities92▲ 14×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors89▲ 14×3 topics
- Child Mortality89▲ 22×1 topic
- Health Systems89▲ 22×1 topic
- Teaching Strategies84▲ 5.4×5 topics
- Higher Education82▲ 2.8×22 topics
- Child Development82▲ 3.6×8 topics
- Ethical Considerations75▲ 3.9×15 topics
- Global Burden of Disease75▲ 5.5×4 topics
- Student Engagement74▲ 3.4×16 topics
- Medical Education71▲ 4.8×11 topics
- Technology Integration70▲ 4.0×10 topics
- Vaccine69▲ 3.1×11 topics
- Global Health68▲ 7.9×7 topics
- Maternal and Child Undernutrition63▲ 14×1 topic
- Water Sanitation Hygiene63▲ 14×1 topic
- Poverty Reduction60▲ 8.4×5 topics
- Surgical Care46▲ 15×2 topics
Tanzania
- Microfinance
- Poverty Alleviation
- Conditional Cash Transfers
- Empowerment
- Livelihood Diversification
- Antiretroviral Therapy
- Child Mortality
- Technology Adoption
- Health Inequalities
- Technology Integration
- Social Networks
- Community Health Workers
- Gender Equality
- Rural Development
- Sustainable Agriculture
- Supply Chain Management
- Social Capital
- Sustainable Development
- Globalization
- Climate Change
- Epidemiology
- Sustainability
- Environmental Impact
- Education
- Poverty Reduction
- Economic Development
- Smallholder Farmers
- Risk Management
- Maternal Mortality
- Food Security
- Gender Inequality
- Development
- Socio-economic Factors
- Adaptation
- Health Systems
- Agricultural Innovation
- Market Participation
- Primary Education
- School Subsidies
- Financial Inclusion
All 40 words, with their numbers
- Epidemiology1,175▲ 1.47×137 topics
- Climate Change1,053▲ 1.93×111 topics
- Sustainability1,002▲ 2.0×102 topics
- Globalization626▲ 1.58×121 topics
- Environmental Impact569▲ 1.66×66 topics
- Sustainable Development542▲ 1.72×94 topics
- Education539▲ 1.56×102 topics
- Social Capital536▲ 5.1×20 topics
- Poverty Reduction482▲ 18×6 topics
- Supply Chain Management418▲ 2.3×25 topics
- Economic Development413▲ 2.6×37 topics
- Sustainable Agriculture403▲ 6.5×16 topics
- Smallholder Farmers396▲ 9.3×6 topics
- Rural Development392▲ 5.7×18 topics
- Risk Management370▲ 3.9×16 topics
- Gender Equality364▲ 6.4×16 topics
- Maternal Mortality351▲ 7.8×5 topics
- Community Health Workers335▲ 19×2 topics
- Food Security334▲ 3.1×23 topics
- Social Networks325▲ 6.0×10 topics
- Gender Inequality310▲ 11×7 topics
- Technology Integration307▲ 4.8×11 topics
- Development289▲ 4.0×21 topics
- Health Inequalities284▲ 12×5 topics
- Socio-economic Factors278▲ 12×3 topics
- Technology Adoption276▲ 7.4×6 topics
- Adaptation273▲ 4.5×14 topics
- Child Mortality272▲ 19×1 topic
- Health Systems272▲ 19×1 topic
- Antiretroviral Therapy235▲ 7.2×6 topics
- Agricultural Innovation233▲ 25×2 topics
- Livelihood Diversification229▲ 36×1 topic
- Market Participation229▲ 36×1 topic
- Empowerment222▲ 11×6 topics
- Primary Education218▲ 27×2 topics
- Conditional Cash Transfers218▲ 31×1 topic
- School Subsidies218▲ 31×1 topic
- Poverty Alleviation215▲ 11×3 topics
- Financial Inclusion209▲ 20×1 topic
- Microfinance209▲ 20×1 topic
Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.
How has their output grown?
Tanzania has out-published Rwanda every year since 1980.
Fractional works per year.
Their share of all research
Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.
Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.
How much of it reaches the world top 10%
The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).
A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.
Who holds more of the world's best institutions?
A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.
- 0In the world top 500
- 0In the top 1000
- 0In the top 5000
- 0In the top 1,0000
- #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51
Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.
Which publishes more research, Rwanda or Tanzania?
Tanzania publishes 3.8× as much research as Rwanda in 2022-now (17k against 4.6k fractional works).
Whose research has more impact, Rwanda or Tanzania?
10.2% of Rwanda's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 7.7% for Tanzania.
Is Rwanda or Tanzania growing faster?
Output in 2022-25 was +111% against 2018-21 for Rwanda, and +101% for Tanzania.
Which has more open access research, Rwanda or Tanzania?
73% of Rwanda's research is free to read, against 69% of Tanzania's.
Which has more world-class institutions, Rwanda or Tanzania?
Rwanda holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Tanzania 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.
Which institutions lead in each country?
The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.
Rwanda
- 1University of Rwanda11.0% top 10% · 1.6k works
- 2University of Kigali6.7% top 10% · 612 works
- 3Ministry of Natural Resources12.5% top 10% · 458 works
- 4Rwanda Biomedical Center13.9% top 10% · 207 works
- 5University of Global Health Equity13.5% top 10% · 218 works
- 6Ministry of Education12.9% top 10% · 231 works
Tanzania
- 1University of Dar es Salaam7.5% top 10% · 2.6k works
- 2The University of Dodoma12.5% top 10% · 1.8k works
- 3Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences8.3% top 10% · 928 works
- 4Mzumbe University8.5% top 10% · 684 works
- 5Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology11.1% top 10% · 566 works
- 6Mbeya University of Science and Technology7.2% top 10% · 439 works
The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.
Who are the top researchers on each side?
The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.
Rwanda
- 1 Corine Karema #100,026 worldwide 84k citations · 83 works
- 2 Claude Mambo Muvunyi #103,506 worldwide 4.7k citations · 224 works
- 3 Agnès Binagwaho #112,520 worldwide 24k citations · 297 works
- 4 Ainhoa Costas‐Chavarri #144,195 worldwide 4.1k citations · 51 works
- 5 Pierre Gashema #164,832 worldwide 531 citations · 71 works
Tanzania
- 1 Andrew R. Williamson #1,536 worldwide 85k citations · 325 works
- 2 Audax Z. P. Mabulla #25,355 worldwide 9.3k citations · 201 works
- 3 Susan F. Rumisha #33,455 worldwide 37k citations · 167 works
- 4 Gerry F. Killeen #34,603 worldwide 16k citations · 207 works
- 5 Fredros O. Okumu #46,417 worldwide 6.3k citations · 186 works