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Egypt vs Iran

On research quality in 2022-now, Iran ranks #45 in the world and Egypt #70, of 189 countries. Egypt stands higher in 2 of the 26 fields both publish in, Iran in 24.

Research profiles alike: 0.82very similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Egypt

World rank, 2022-now
#70
#67 all time
Works, 2022-now
169k
fractional
Top-10% rate
9.2%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
56%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Leadership and Management, Orthodontics, Oral Surgery.

Iran

World rank, 2022-now
#45
#43 all time
Works, 2022-now
268k
fractional
Top-10% rate
9.4%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
46%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Research and Theory, Molecular Medicine, Filtration and Separation.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Egypt leads on 3 of 9 measures: open access, international co-authorship and growth. Iran leads on 3 of 9 measures: research quality, output and citations per work. The two are level on excellence for its fields, top-10% rate and institutions in the world top 100.

Egypt 33 level3 Iran
  1. #70Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#45
  2. 0.87×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.85×
  3. 169kOutputfractional works, 2022-now268k
  4. 9.2%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited9.4%
  5. 12.0Citations per workall time, per fractional work14.5
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 56%Open accessof its works free to read, all time46%
  8. 23%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time13%
  9. +20%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change-17%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Egypt stands higher in 2 of 26 fields, Iran in 24. Iran leads most in Social Sciences (#76 against #126); Egypt leads most in Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (#46 against #55). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Egypt 224 Iran
  1. #64Agricultural and Biological Sciences#45
  2. #90Arts and Humanities#69
  3. #46Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#55
  4. #88Business, Management and Accounting#57
  5. #33Chemical Engineering#26
  6. #39Chemistry#30
  7. #50Computer Science#36
  8. #60Decision Sciences#47
  9. #45Dentistry#36
  10. #46Earth and Planetary Sciences#38
  11. #101Economics, Econometrics and Finance#71
  12. #28Energy#11
  13. #39Engineering#22
  14. #55Environmental Science#33
  15. #81Health Professions#47
  16. #51Immunology and Microbiology#54
  17. #44Materials Science#36
  18. #50Mathematics#45
  19. #77Medicine#67
  20. #56Neuroscience#42
  21. #55Nursing#47
  22. #29Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics#27
  23. #51Physics and Astronomy#41
  24. #87Psychology#60
  25. #126Social Sciences#76
  26. #26Veterinary#25

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Egypt rankIran rank Egypt top 10%Iran top 10% Egypt worksIran works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #64 #45 10.3% 10.7% 16k 15k
Arts and Humanities #90 #69 7.2% 10.5% 2.9k 3.2k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #46 #55 8.7% 8.4% 11k 17k
Business, Management and Accounting #88 #57 11.3% 8.8% 2.7k 5.3k
Chemical Engineering #33 #26 10.2% 7.9% 522 1.5k
Chemistry #39 #30 16.9% 10.5% 5.2k 7.9k
Computer Science #50 #36 13.1% 11.6% 8.1k 13k
Decision Sciences #60 #47 10.8% 9.6% 1.2k 2.7k
Dentistry #45 #36 8.1% 8.7% 3.2k 3k
Earth and Planetary Sciences #46 #38 11.6% 10.1% 2k 2.6k
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #101 #71 8.4% 7.1% 1.4k 3k
Energy #28 #11 14.3% 10.3% 2.2k 3.8k
Engineering #39 #22 11.9% 11.2% 24k 49k
Environmental Science #55 #33 10.7% 9.9% 7.3k 13k
Health Professions #81 #47 8.0% 10.7% 3.5k 7k
Immunology and Microbiology #51 #54 8.4% 8.3% 2.5k 3.5k
Materials Science #44 #36 12.3% 9.1% 7.7k 14k
Mathematics #50 #45 16.6% 7.8% 1.8k 4.1k
Medicine #77 #67 5.4% 8.2% 49k 60k
Neuroscience #56 #42 7.2% 7.1% 2.1k 4.9k
Nursing #55 #47 6.0% 9.2% 2k 2.4k
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics #29 #27 13.0% 10.3% 1.7k 1.6k
Physics and Astronomy #51 #41 11.5% 7.5% 2k 4.9k
Psychology #87 #60 7.0% 7.2% 3.2k 12k
Social Sciences #126 #76 8.1% 8.1% 6.4k 13k
Veterinary #26 #25 10.6% 8.1% 386 437

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Egypt

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology10k▲ 1.41×140 topics
  2. Inflammation7,132▲ 1.82×83 topics
  3. Oxidative Stress5,746▲ 1.89×63 topics
  4. Machine Learning5,279▼ 0.86×97 topics
  5. Deep Learning4,737▼ 0.74×84 topics
  6. Quality of Life4,412▲ 1.65×60 topics
  7. Cancer4,272▲ 1.72×59 topics
  8. Antioxidant4,237▲ 3.3×51 topics
  9. Environmental Impact4,065▲ 1.29×74 topics
  10. Climate Change3,926▼ 0.78×125 topics
  11. Nanoparticles3,816▲ 1.64×44 topics
  12. Nanomaterials3,688▲ 1.91×21 topics
  13. Biomedical Applications3,465▲ 1.59×36 topics
  14. Treatment3,254▲ 1.45×52 topics
  15. Cardiovascular Disease3,010▲ 1.43×39 topics
  16. Renewable Energy2,916◆ 1.09×61 topics
  17. Antioxidant Activity2,817▲ 2.5×32 topics
  18. Metabolic Syndrome2,771▲ 1.85×24 topics
  19. Toxicity2,491▲ 3.1×20 topics
  20. Diagnosis2,379▲ 1.38×41 topics
  21. Nanocomposites2,364▲ 1.62×22 topics
  22. Antioxidants2,230▲ 2.7×17 topics
  23. Antimicrobial2,172▲ 4.2×14 topics
  24. Tissue Engineering2,123▲ 1.89×13 topics
  25. Clinical Trials2,115▲ 1.72×19 topics
  26. Diabetes2,108▲ 2.3×22 topics
  27. Insulin Resistance2,079▲ 2.5×10 topics
  28. Immune Response2,025▲ 1.93×23 topics
  29. Synthesis2,008▲ 2.9×37 topics
  30. Complications1,857▲ 2.0×17 topics
  31. Anti-inflammatory1,812▲ 3.5×29 topics
  32. Self-Efficacy1,717▲ 3.6×11 topics
  33. Gut Microbiota1,668▲ 2.6×7 topics
  34. Anticancer Agents1,605▲ 5.8×12 topics
  35. Medicinal Chemistry1,560▲ 3.1×13 topics
  36. Wound Healing1,529▲ 3.1×12 topics
  37. Bioactive Compounds1,505▲ 3.3×15 topics
  38. Green Synthesis1,336▲ 3.8×5 topics
  39. Antimicrobial Activity1,271▲ 4.2×9 topics
  40. Heterocyclic Compounds1,089▲ 7.0×6 topics

Iran

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology15k▲ 1.26×139 topics
  2. Inflammation9,380▲ 1.50×83 topics
  3. Machine Learning7,841▼ 0.80×97 topics
  4. Biomedical Applications7,578▲ 2.2×36 topics
  5. Nanoparticles7,578▲ 2.0×44 topics
  6. Oxidative Stress7,558▲ 1.56×63 topics
  7. Quality of Life7,073▲ 1.66×61 topics
  8. Cancer6,841▲ 1.73×59 topics
  9. Deep Learning6,820▼ 0.67×85 topics
  10. Mental Health6,664▲ 1.58×48 topics
  11. Depression6,460▲ 2.5×26 topics
  12. Climate Change6,426▼ 0.80×128 topics
  13. Nanomaterials6,398▲ 2.1×21 topics
  14. Cardiovascular Disease5,268▲ 1.57×39 topics
  15. Environmental Impact5,204◆ 1.04×73 topics
  16. Antioxidant5,082▲ 2.5×51 topics
  17. Renewable Energy5,075▲ 1.19×61 topics
  18. Drug Delivery4,938▲ 3.1×16 topics
  19. Nanocomposites4,905▲ 2.1×22 topics
  20. Mechanical Properties4,612▲ 1.60×39 topics
  21. Tissue Engineering4,586▲ 2.6×13 topics
  22. Graphene4,490▲ 2.3×12 topics
  23. COVID-194,287◆ 1.12×34 topics
  24. Social Support4,224▲ 2.7×20 topics
  25. Metabolic Syndrome4,106▲ 1.72×24 topics
  26. Treatment3,983◆ 1.11×52 topics
  27. Catalysis3,957▲ 2.0×29 topics
  28. Pandemic3,667▲ 1.26×14 topics
  29. Stress3,476▲ 3.2×11 topics
  30. Toxicity3,284▲ 2.6×20 topics
  31. Obesity3,279▲ 1.45×29 topics
  32. Self-Efficacy3,248▲ 4.2×11 topics
  33. Antioxidant Activity3,120▲ 1.70×32 topics
  34. Cancer Therapy3,095▲ 1.85×20 topics
  35. Anxiety2,756▲ 1.97×12 topics
  36. Carbon Nanotubes2,542▲ 2.6×9 topics
  37. Elderly2,301▲ 3.2×8 topics
  38. Nursing2,113▲ 3.8×8 topics
  39. Educational Achievement1,862▲ 11×1 topic
  40. Job Stress1,862▲ 11×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Iran has out-published Egypt every year since 2004, when it overtook it.

still counting50k100kIran69k in 2025Egypt40k in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting1.0%2.0%Iran1.2% in 2025Egypt0.68% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Egypt10.7% in 2025Iran9.9% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Egypt 03 level2 Iran
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0001
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#45

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Egypt or Iran?

Iran publishes 1.6× as much research as Egypt in 2022-now (268k against 169k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Egypt or Iran?

9.4% of Iran's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 9.2% for Egypt.

Is Egypt or Iran growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +20% against 2018-21 for Egypt, and -17% for Iran.

Which has more open access research, Egypt or Iran?

56% of Egypt's research is free to read, against 46% of Iran's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Egypt or Iran?

Egypt holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Iran 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 1.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Egypt

  1. 1Arab Academy for Science, Technology, and Maritime Transport12.5% top 10% · 1.5k works
  2. 2Higher Institute of Engineering13.7% top 10% · 1.4k works
  3. 3British University in Egypt10.1% top 10% · 1.4k works
  4. 4American University in Cairo10.6% top 10% · 1.5k works
  5. 5Kafrelsheikh University16.1% top 10% · 2.4k works
  6. 6Helwan University8.1% top 10% · 4.3k works

Iran

  1. 1University of Tehran11.7% top 10% · 12k works
  2. 2Sharif University of Technology11.0% top 10% · 4.2k works
  3. 3Tarbiat Modares University10.3% top 10% · 6k works
  4. 4Shahid Beheshti University9.6% top 10% · 4.9k works
  5. 5Iran University of Science and Technology13.9% top 10% · 5.6k works
  6. 6Amirkabir University of Technology11.7% top 10% · 5.2k works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Egypt

  1. 1 Mohamed Abdel‐Basset #3,651 worldwide 17k citations · 391 works
  2. 2 Swellam Wafa Sharshir #4,091 worldwide 16k citations · 243 works
  3. 3 Foad Abd-Allah #8,448 worldwide 187k citations · 173 works
  4. 4 Ahmed I Hasaballah #8,671 worldwide 74k citations · 126 works
  5. 5 Ibrahim Saad Agwa #10,278 worldwide 5.2k citations · 89 works

Iran

  1. 1 Ali Derakhshan #555 worldwide 12k citations · 318 works
  2. 2 Jalal Arabloo #591 worldwide 173k citations · 286 works
  3. 3 Sadaf Ghajarieh Sepanlou #1,137 worldwide 282k citations · 280 works
  4. 4 Mortaza Aghbashlo #1,278 worldwide 27k citations · 380 works
  5. 5 Nima Jafari Navimipour #1,362 worldwide 14k citations · 246 works