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Kazakhstan vs Oman

On research quality in 2022-now, Oman ranks #90 in the world and Kazakhstan #91, of 189 countries. Kazakhstan stands higher in 10 of the 21 fields both publish in, Oman in 11.

Research profiles alike: 0.51similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Kazakhstan

World rank, 2022-now
#91
#85 all time
Works, 2022-now
40k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.7%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
68%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Fuel Technology, General Energy, Nuclear Energy and Engineering.

Oman

World rank, 2022-now
#90
#101 all time
Works, 2022-now
12k
fractional
Top-10% rate
11.1%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
51%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Research and Theory, Health Informatics, Energy Engineering and Power Technology.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Oman leads on 5 of 9 measures: research quality, excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, citations per work and international co-authorship. Kazakhstan leads on 3 of 9 measures: output, open access and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Kazakhstan 31 level5 Oman
  1. #91Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#90
  2. 0.69×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.85×
  3. 40kOutputfractional works, 2022-now12k
  4. 7.7%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited11.1%
  5. 5.0Citations per workall time, per fractional work12.8
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 68%Open accessof its works free to read, all time51%
  8. 30%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time37%
  9. +81%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+49%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Kazakhstan stands higher in 10 of 21 fields, Oman in 11. Oman leads most in Business, Management and Accounting (#61 against #91); Kazakhstan leads most in Social Sciences (#74 against #99). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Kazakhstan 1011 Oman
  1. #96Agricultural and Biological Sciences#91
  2. #73Arts and Humanities#83
  3. #79Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#74
  4. #91Business, Management and Accounting#61
  5. #67Chemistry-
  6. #88Computer Science#70
  7. #71Decision Sciences#65
  8. #67Earth and Planetary Sciences-
  9. #89Economics, Econometrics and Finance#73
  10. #66Energy-
  11. #77Engineering#70
  12. #91Environmental Science#73
  13. #93Health Professions#83
  14. #64Immunology and Microbiology-
  15. #59Materials Science#69
  16. #61Mathematics-
  17. #132Medicine#121
  18. #58Neuroscience-
  19. #59Physics and Astronomy-
  20. #82Psychology#75
  21. #74Social Sciences#99

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Kazakhstan rankOman rank Kazakhstan top 10%Oman top 10% Kazakhstan worksOman works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #96 #91 8.7% 16.0% 2.8k 471
Arts and Humanities #73 #83 10.0% 12.8% 1.5k 262
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #79 #74 6.5% 8.2% 1.1k 361
Business, Management and Accounting #91 #61 8.2% 16.6% 1.4k 826
Chemistry #67 - 4.2% - 500 -
Computer Science #88 #70 8.6% 12.0% 3.3k 1.2k
Decision Sciences #71 #65 7.4% 13.9% 316 203
Earth and Planetary Sciences #67 - 6.3% - 608 -
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #89 #73 7.7% 15.2% 1.5k 360
Energy #66 - 6.0% - 522 -
Engineering #77 #70 6.6% 9.9% 7.1k 1.8k
Environmental Science #91 #73 6.8% 12.6% 1.8k 580
Health Professions #93 #83 8.2% 12.8% 708 294
Immunology and Microbiology #64 - 6.8% - 232 -
Materials Science #59 #69 6.1% 10.1% 1.4k 255
Mathematics #61 - 6.5% - 806 -
Medicine #132 #121 6.2% 6.5% 4.1k 2.1k
Neuroscience #58 - 7.0% - 239 -
Physics and Astronomy #59 - 6.2% - 736 -
Psychology #82 #75 7.3% 10.8% 1.1k 389
Social Sciences #74 #99 9.6% 12.2% 8.1k 1.3k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Kazakhstan

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Sustainable Development2,930▲ 4.0×107 topics
  2. Climate Change2,302▲ 1.83×125 topics
  3. Globalization2,060▲ 2.3×155 topics
  4. Innovation2,045▲ 4.3×77 topics
  5. Education1,859▲ 2.3×127 topics
  6. Sustainability1,598▲ 1.41×127 topics
  7. Educational Technology1,528▲ 2.8×47 topics
  8. Artificial Intelligence1,416▲ 2.1×65 topics
  9. Renewable Energy1,317▲ 1.96×59 topics
  10. Energy Efficiency1,275▲ 3.0×45 topics
  11. E-Learning1,254▲ 2.8×25 topics
  12. Digital Transformation1,221▲ 4.9×30 topics
  13. Online Learning1,056▲ 2.7×26 topics
  14. Pedagogy1,044▲ 4.5×27 topics
  15. Legal Regulation1,032▲ 9.9×8 topics
  16. Food Security1,014▲ 4.0×24 topics
  17. Economic Development995▲ 2.7×50 topics
  18. Economic Security965▲ 9.8×7 topics
  19. Digitalization959▲ 10×14 topics
  20. Teacher Training911▲ 3.2×26 topics
  21. Ethnicity894▲ 5.2×22 topics
  22. Digital Economy894▲ 9.6×19 topics
  23. Higher Education879▲ 3.6×30 topics
  24. Regional Development854▲ 5.4×21 topics
  25. Culture849▲ 3.5×33 topics
  26. Migration766▲ 4.8×30 topics
  27. Islam635▲ 6.6×5 topics
  28. Geopolitics627▲ 8.9×11 topics
  29. Strategic Planning618▲ 9.1×5 topics
  30. Foresight613▲ 10×2 topics
  31. International Trade Law612▲ 10×2 topics
  32. Public Oversight607▲ 11×1 topic
  33. Transport Policy607▲ 11×1 topic
  34. Modernization604▲ 7.1×5 topics
  35. Sharia Law592▲ 8.9×2 topics
  36. Malay Language592▲ 9.1×1 topic
  37. Design584▲ 7.7×6 topics
  38. Air Force572▲ 10×1 topic
  39. Warfare572▲ 10×1 topic
  40. Central Asia572▲ 17×4 topics

Oman

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning975▲ 2.1×94 topics
  2. Deep Learning626▲ 1.33×83 topics
  3. Epidemiology490◆ 0.90×133 topics
  4. Sustainability473▲ 1.42×94 topics
  5. Healthcare439▲ 2.8×33 topics
  6. Renewable Energy439▲ 2.2×50 topics
  7. Supply Chain Management400▲ 3.3×25 topics
  8. Artificial Intelligence348▲ 1.79×53 topics
  9. Education336▲ 1.43×84 topics
  10. Environmental Impact312▲ 1.34×61 topics
  11. Internet of Things284▲ 2.4×30 topics
  12. Online Learning271▲ 2.4×23 topics
  13. Big Data266▲ 2.0×32 topics
  14. Educational Technology263▲ 1.63×39 topics
  15. Digital Transformation237▲ 3.2×24 topics
  16. IoT225▲ 4.4×19 topics
  17. Smart Cities224▲ 6.2×8 topics
  18. E-Learning222▲ 1.68×23 topics
  19. Corporate Governance212▲ 2.1×27 topics
  20. Security212▲ 2.3×28 topics
  21. Social Capital200▲ 2.8×17 topics
  22. Risk Management199▲ 3.1×17 topics
  23. Energy Efficiency198▲ 1.57×42 topics
  24. Customer Satisfaction193▲ 4.4×10 topics
  25. Knowledge Management185▲ 2.4×27 topics
  26. Organizational Performance179▲ 5.0×12 topics
  27. Technology Integration174▲ 4.0×12 topics
  28. Consumer Behavior174▲ 2.0×18 topics
  29. Student Engagement172▲ 3.2×17 topics
  30. Higher Education158▲ 2.2×27 topics
  31. Human Resource Management155▲ 7.3×6 topics
  32. Social Networks150▲ 4.1×12 topics
  33. Student Satisfaction142▲ 5.7×3 topics
  34. Localization124▲ 7.6×4 topics
  35. Social Media Marketing123▲ 18×1 topic
  36. Guanxi116▲ 40×1 topic
  37. Wasta116▲ 40×1 topic
  38. Learning Analytics96▲ 5.8×3 topics
  39. Educational Data Mining87▲ 7.5×1 topic
  40. Massive Open Online Courses87▲ 7.5×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Kazakhstan has out-published Oman every year since 2013, when it overtook it.

still counting5k10k15kKazakhstan11k in 2025Oman3,679 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.10%0.20%Kazakhstan0.19% in 2025Oman0.063% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Oman11.6% in 2025Kazakhstan8.7% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Kazakhstan 05 level0 Oman
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Kazakhstan or Oman?

Kazakhstan publishes 3.5× as much research as Oman in 2022-now (40k against 12k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Kazakhstan or Oman?

11.1% of Oman's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 7.7% for Kazakhstan.

Is Kazakhstan or Oman growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +81% against 2018-21 for Kazakhstan, and +49% for Oman.

Which has more open access research, Kazakhstan or Oman?

68% of Kazakhstan's research is free to read, against 51% of Oman's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Kazakhstan or Oman?

Kazakhstan holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Oman 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Kazakhstan

  1. 1Nazarbayev University14.3% top 10% · 3.1k works
  2. 2Suleyman Demirel University5.8% top 10% · 2.9k works
  3. 3L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University7.3% top 10% · 3.1k works
  4. 4Astana Medical University7.4% top 10% · 1.8k works
  5. 5Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University8.9% top 10% · 1.2k works
  6. 6Ahmet Yesevi University7.6% top 10% · 795 works

Oman

  1. 1Sohar University15.8% top 10% · 836 works
  2. 2Sultan Qaboos University11.4% top 10% · 3.9k works
  3. 3Dhofar University18.0% top 10% · 659 works
  4. 4College of Applied Sciences, Nizwa13.1% top 10% · 634 works
  5. 5Muscat College7.5% top 10% · 948 works
  6. 6University of Nizwa14.7% top 10% · 832 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Kazakhstan

  1. 1 Kairat Davletov #4,259 worldwide 125k citations · 151 works
  2. 2 Mukhtar Kulimbet #8,033 worldwide 26k citations · 91 works
  3. 3 Shazim Ali Memon #24,150 worldwide 9.8k citations · 153 works
  4. 4 Anas Hajar #24,262 worldwide 1.1k citations · 125 works
  5. 5 Mayowa Tosin Babalola #43,099 worldwide 3.7k citations · 74 works

Oman

  1. 1 Ali Tarhini #6,779 worldwide 11k citations · 160 works
  2. 2 S. K. Maurya #12,340 worldwide 9k citations · 388 works
  3. 3 Walid Mensi #15,702 worldwide 12k citations · 242 works
  4. 4 Sathish Kumar Jayapal #16,435 worldwide 54k citations · 90 works
  5. 5 Ala'a Hamed Al-Muhtaseb #17,011 worldwide 22k citations · 276 works