Science Explorer Back to mapMap
Compare · Countries

Luxembourg vs South Sudan

On research quality in 2022-now, Luxembourg ranks #35 in the world and South Sudan #178, of 189 countries. Luxembourg stands higher in 12 of the 12 fields both publish in, South Sudan in 0.

Research profiles alike: 0.57similar shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

Compare other countries
vs

Luxembourg

World rank, 2022-now
#35
#33 all time
Works, 2022-now
7.7k
fractional
Top-10% rate
11.9%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
55%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Software, Industrial relations, Medical Terminology.

South Sudan

World rank, 2022-now
#178
#154 all time
Works, 2022-now
2.8k
fractional
Top-10% rate
8.5%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
63%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Gender Studies, Architecture, Library and Information Sciences.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Luxembourg leads on 4 of 9 measures: research quality, citation excellence for its fields, output and top-10% rate. South Sudan leads on 4 of 9 measures: citations per work, open access, international co-authorship and growth. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Luxembourg 41 level4 South Sudan
  1. #35Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#178
  2. 1.21×Citation excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.79×
  3. 7.7kOutputfractional works, 2022-now2.8k
  4. 11.9%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited8.5%
  5. 10.1Citations per workall time, per fractional work23.6
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 55%Open accessof its works free to read, all time63%
  8. 29%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time65%
  9. -22%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+16%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, citation excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Luxembourg stands higher in 12 of 12 fields, South Sudan in 0. Luxembourg leads most in Medicine (#38 against #144). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Luxembourg 120 South Sudan
  1. #44Arts and Humanities#98
  2. #39Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-
  3. #45Business, Management and Accounting-
  4. #35Computer Science#118
  5. #37Economics, Econometrics and Finance-
  6. #35Engineering#114
  7. #54Environmental Science-
  8. #46Materials Science-
  9. #38Medicine#144
  10. #32Physics and Astronomy-
  11. #43Psychology-
  12. #44Social Sciences#143

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Luxembourg rankSouth Sudan rank Luxembourg top 10%South Sudan top 10% Luxembourg worksSouth Sudan works
Arts and Humanities #44 #98 11.2% 9.8% 356 217
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology #39 - 12.7% - 281 -
Business, Management and Accounting #45 - 9.9% - 303 -
Computer Science #35 #118 12.6% 8.4% 1.1k 220
Economics, Econometrics and Finance #37 - 11.9% - 333 -
Engineering #35 #114 13.3% 9.6% 1.3k 290
Environmental Science #54 - 9.7% - 291 -
Materials Science #46 - 9.6% - 222 -
Medicine #38 #144 12.0% 8.7% 737 314
Physics and Astronomy #32 - 14.4% - 204 -
Psychology #43 - 11.1% - 292 -
Social Sciences #44 #143 11.3% 7.7% 1.3k 651

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Luxembourg

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Machine Learning428▲ 1.46×87 topics
  2. Deep Learning407▲ 1.34×75 topics
  3. Globalization289▲ 1.67×133 topics
  4. Epidemiology209▼ 0.60×135 topics
  5. Sustainability208◆ 0.97×104 topics
  6. Neural Networks188▲ 1.38×39 topics
  7. Climate Change174▼ 0.73×103 topics
  8. Energy Efficiency171▲ 2.1×36 topics
  9. Artificial Intelligence162▲ 1.29×48 topics
  10. Big Data158▲ 1.88×27 topics
  11. Mental Health156▲ 1.24×42 topics
  12. Human Rights154▲ 1.71×66 topics
  13. Public Health149▲ 1.16×64 topics
  14. Internet of Things140▲ 1.86×22 topics
  15. Healthcare137▲ 1.36×35 topics
  16. Security134▲ 2.3×26 topics
  17. European Union120▲ 6.1×25 topics
  18. Ethics95▲ 2.1×41 topics
  19. Gender94▲ 1.98×41 topics
  20. Governance87▲ 3.0×17 topics
  21. Colonialism86▲ 2.0×44 topics
  22. Democracy85▲ 2.8×24 topics
  23. Physical Layer Security84▲ 22×2 topics
  24. IoT Security78▲ 2.9×3 topics
  25. Cognitive Radio78▲ 25×2 topics
  26. Security Analysis78▲ 5.2×4 topics
  27. LEO Satellite Constellation76▲ 30×1 topic
  28. Satellite Communications76▲ 30×1 topic
  29. Territorial Governance73▲ 7.2×3 topics
  30. 5G Networks73▲ 4.1×5 topics
  31. Labor Market72▲ 2.9×15 topics
  32. Monetary Policy72▲ 3.5×12 topics
  33. Wireless Communication69▲ 5.4×7 topics
  34. Sociolinguistics62▲ 3.8×9 topics
  35. Channel Estimation58▲ 7.5×4 topics
  36. Wireless Networks58▲ 4.4×9 topics
  37. Local Development53▲ 5.8×2 topics
  38. European Integration50▲ 10×6 topics
  39. Institutionalization50▲ 6.2×5 topics
  40. MIMO Systems50▲ 7.2×3 topics

South Sudan

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Globalization159▲ 2.4×116 topics
  2. Human Rights122▲ 3.5×54 topics
  3. Education112▲ 1.93×95 topics
  4. Machine Learning110◆ 0.98×89 topics
  5. Deep Learning99▼ 0.85×74 topics
  6. Global Governance93▲ 11×19 topics
  7. Peacebuilding84▲ 36×6 topics
  8. Sustainable Development81▲ 1.53×65 topics
  9. Democracy79▲ 6.7×18 topics
  10. Neoliberalism70▲ 5.7×24 topics
  11. Economic Growth67▲ 2.4×29 topics
  12. History66▲ 2.8×47 topics
  13. Ethnic Conflict65▲ 41×4 topics
  14. Innovation64▲ 1.82×56 topics
  15. Authoritarianism57▲ 19×5 topics
  16. Economic Development56▲ 2.1×40 topics
  17. Transitional Justice55▲ 20×4 topics
  18. Social Justice55▲ 2.7×40 topics
  19. Identity54▲ 2.2×56 topics
  20. Civil War54▲ 51×2 topics
  21. Protest53▲ 41×3 topics
  22. Political Institutions53▲ 77×1 topic
  23. State Capacity53▲ 77×1 topic
  24. Colonialism51▲ 3.2×38 topics
  25. Gender Inequality51▲ 11×6 topics
  26. Culture47▲ 2.7×27 topics
  27. International Law46▲ 4.3×24 topics
  28. Religion45▲ 2.9×33 topics
  29. Nationalism44▲ 2.9×29 topics
  30. War Crimes44▲ 29×3 topics
  31. Gender-based Violence42▲ 21×3 topics
  32. Feminist Perspectives40▲ 43×3 topics
  33. Sexual Violence39▲ 15×2 topics
  34. Local Turn38▲ 74×1 topic
  35. Resilience Governance38▲ 74×1 topic
  36. Military Masculinity38▲ 81×1 topic
  37. UN Resolution 132538▲ 81×1 topic
  38. Poverty Reduction37▲ 8.4×6 topics
  39. Conflict32▲ 5.8×10 topics
  40. NGOs29▲ 9.1×4 topics

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Luxembourg has out-published South Sudan every year since 1997, when it overtook it.

still counting2k4kLuxembourg1,936 in 2025South Sudan726 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.050%0.10%Luxembourg0.033% in 2025South Sudan0.012% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting5%10%15%Luxembourg12.1% in 2025South Sudan7.9% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Luxembourg 32 level0 South Sudan
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 1In the top 5000
  4. 1In the top 1,0000
  5. #38Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Luxembourg or South Sudan?

Luxembourg publishes 2.8× as much research as South Sudan in 2022-now (7.7k against 2.8k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Luxembourg or South Sudan?

11.9% of Luxembourg's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 8.5% for South Sudan.

Is Luxembourg or South Sudan growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +16% against 2018-21 for South Sudan, and -22% for Luxembourg.

Which has more open access research, Luxembourg or South Sudan?

63% of South Sudan's research is free to read, against 55% of Luxembourg's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Luxembourg or South Sudan?

Luxembourg holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and South Sudan 0; in the top 1,000 it is 1 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Luxembourg

  1. 1University of Luxembourg12.3% top 10% · 4.9k works
  2. 2Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology10.5% top 10% · 813 works
  3. 3Luxembourg Institute of Health13.8% top 10% · 376 works
  4. 4Eurofins (Luxembourg)8.7% top 10% · 230 works
  5. 5Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research20.0% top 10% · 240 works
  6. 6INTRASOFT International (Luxembourg)9.9% top 10% · 129 works

South Sudan

  1. 1University of Juba4.9% top 10% · 254 works
  2. 2Bridge University9.2% top 10% · 2.4k works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Luxembourg

  1. 1 Lionel Briand #12,133 worldwide 30k citations · 620 works
  2. 2 Ala’a Alkerwi #22,987 worldwide 106k citations · 135 works
  3. 3 Emma Schymanski #23,172 worldwide 19k citations · 552 works
  4. 4 Mike Papadakis #25,871 worldwide 6.7k citations · 300 works
  5. 5 Elouise Botes #26,305 worldwide 2.1k citations · 101 works

South Sudan

  1. 1 Luka Biong Deng Kuol #1,484,511 worldwide 185 citations · 26 works
  2. 2 Lul Lojok Deng #1,685,030 worldwide 693 citations · 21 works
  3. 3 Denis Mubiru #2,538,397 worldwide 180 citations · 23 works
  4. 4 Nyagong Santino David Ladu #2,558,092 worldwide 212 citations · 21 works
  5. 5 Justin Bruno Tongun #2,574,350 worldwide 366 citations · 26 works

Other comparisons

Compare any two