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Architecture and Computational Design

Architecture and Computational Design is a research topic within Architecture. Science Explorer counts 22k research works in it since 1950. 10.2% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers explores the intersection of architecture, urban design, and technology, with a focus on parametricism, digital fabrication, biomimetic materials, and virtual reality. It delves into the use of computational design and artificial intelligence to create sustainable and innovative architectural solutions, contributing to a new global style in architecture and urban design.

  • Parametricism
  • Digital Fabrication
  • Urban Morphology
  • Architectural Design
  • Biomimetic Materials
  • Virtual Reality
  • Computational Design
  • Sustainable Architecture
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Global Style
Research works
22k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
2.2k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.2%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+22%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
23% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Architecture and Computational Design

Which countries lead Architecture and Computational Design research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (718 and 460 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 718 works
  2. 2 China 460 works
  3. 3 Italy 412 works
  4. 4 Brazil 297 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 252 works
  6. 6 Türkiye 220 works
  7. 7 India 216 works
  8. 8 Germany 184 works
  9. 9 Egypt 184 works
  10. 10 Indonesia 170 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 23.1%China: 14.8%Italy: 13.2%Brazil: 9.5%6 others listed: 39.4%23%largest
United States718 · 23.1%China460 · 14.8%Italy412 · 13.2%Brazil297 · 9.5%6 others listed1,225 · 39.4%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Architecture and Computational Design research?

By volume in 2022-now, Politecnico di Milano publishes the most Architecture and Computational Design research, followed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Sapienza University of Rome.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Politecnico di MilanoItaly 64 works
  2. 2 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 43 works
  3. 3 Sapienza University of RomeItaly 35 works
  4. 4 Helwan UniversityEgypt 27 works
  5. 5 Universidade de São PauloBrazil 26 works
  6. 6 Istanbul Technical UniversityTürkiye 26 works
  7. 7 Politecnico di TorinoItaly 25 works
  8. 8 University College LondonUnited Kingdom 25 works
  9. 9 Delft University of TechnologyNetherlands 24 works
  10. 10 University of Naples Federico IIItaly 23 works

Who are the leading researchers in Architecture and Computational Design?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Architecture and Computational Design include Seeram Ramakrishna.

  1. 1 Seeram Ramakrishna Singapore 186k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Architecture and Computational Design?

The most cited paper in Architecture and Computational Design is "Cellpose 2.0: how to train your own model" (Marius Pachitariu, Carsen Stringer, 2022), with 1,507 citations. Next come "The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction" (1,384) and "‘Living’ Polymers" (1,332).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Cellpose 2.0: how to train your own model Marius Pachitariu, Carsen Stringer · Nature Methods Open access 7 Nov 2022 1,507
2 The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction Michael H. Ramage, Henry C. Burridge, Marta Busse‐Wicher et al. · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Open access 14 Oct 2016 1,384
3 ‘Living’ Polymers Michael Szwarc · Nature Nov 1956 1,332
4 Doing Topology Optimization Explicitly and Geometrically—A New Moving Morphable Components Based Framework Xu Guo, Weisheng Zhang, Wenliang Zhong · Journal of Applied Mechanics Open access 7 May 2014 1,244
5 Making anthropology, archaeology, art and architecture Tim Ingold 2013 1,126
All 98 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Architecture and Computational Design research done?

The largest centres of Architecture and Computational Design research in 2022-now are Cairo (Egypt), London (United Kingdom), Milan (Italy) and Istanbul (Türkiye).

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 CairoEgypt 90 works
  2. 2 LondonUnited Kingdom 82 works
  3. 3 MilanItaly 77 works
  4. 4 IstanbulTürkiye 74 works
  5. 5 BeijingChina 69 works
  6. 6 RomeItaly 68 works
  7. 7 São PauloBrazil 57 works
  8. 8 MoscowRussia 50 works
  9. 9 TokyoJapan 50 works
  10. 10 LisbonPortugal 49 works
See Architecture and Computational Design on the map

Where is the best place to study Architecture and Computational Design?

Among universities, judged by research, University of Stuttgart, Southeast University and Zhejiang University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 24.55%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Zhejiang UniversitySoutheast UniversityUniversity of Stuttg…Massachusetts Instit…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1University of StuttgartGermany 69.126.2%13.0×21 +63.8%
2Southeast UniversityChina 65.242.0%2.5×17 +340.9%
3Zhejiang UniversityChina 57.844.0%0.9×12 +77.0%
4Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyUnited States 56.817.1%5.9×19 +97.3%
5Istanbul Technical UniversityTürkiye 56.417.1%15.4×26 +179.2%
6ETH ZurichSwitzerland 56.021.9%4.8×16 +9.0%
7University College LondonUnited Kingdom 53.814.1%3.3×25 +32.9%
8Politecnico di MilanoItaly 53.510.4%19.1×64 -26.1%
9TU WienAustria 52.820.1%8.1×12 +63.9%
10University of Hong KongChina 51.932.6%1.9×8 +53.5%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Architecture and Computational Design, country by country

Is Architecture and Computational Design research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 22% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Architecture and Computational Design.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Architecture and Computational Design as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.024% in 2024.

still counting0.010%0.020%0.030%Architecture and Computational Design0.025% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Architecture and Computational Design over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Architecture and Computational Design10.1% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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