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Topic · Mechanical Engineering

Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems

Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems is a research topic within Mechanical Engineering. Science Explorer counts 47k research works in it since 1950. 9.8% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the control and optimization of hydraulic systems, including adaptive and robust control strategies for hydraulic actuators, real-time simulation, modeling of system dynamics, and feedback control in electro-hydraulic systems.

  • Hydraulic Systems
  • Control
  • Adaptive
  • Robust
  • Actuators
  • Real-Time
  • Simulation
  • Modeling
  • Feedback
  • Electro-Hydraulic
Research works
47k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
4.7k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.8%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+16%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
64% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems

Which countries lead Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (4.6k and 588 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 4.6k works
  2. 2 United States 588 works
  3. 3 India 392 works
  4. 4 Germany 372 works
  5. 5 Japan 272 works
  6. 6 Italy 237 works
  7. 7 South Korea 210 works
  8. 8 Russia 210 works
  9. 9 United Kingdom 186 works
  10. 10 Poland 146 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 63.7%United States: 8.2%India: 5.5%Germany: 5.2%6 others listed: 17.6%64%largest
China4,575 · 63.7%United States588 · 8.2%India392 · 5.5%Germany372 · 5.2%6 others listed1,261 · 17.6%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems research?

By volume in 2022-now, Jiangsu University publishes the most Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems research, followed by Zhejiang University and Tsinghua University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Jiangsu UniversityChina 143 works
  2. 2 Zhejiang UniversityChina 112 works
  3. 3 Tsinghua UniversityChina 101 works
  4. 4 Beihang UniversityChina 86 works
  5. 5 Yanshan UniversityChina 85 works
  6. 6 Harbin Institute of TechnologyChina 79 works
  7. 7 Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyChina 73 works
  8. 8 Beijing Institute of TechnologyChina 70 works
  9. 9 Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina 66 works
  10. 10 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 64 works

Who are the leading researchers in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems include Xiaogang Wang, Kai You Wang and Lei Jiang.

  1. 1 Xiaogang Wang China 260k citations
  2. 2 Kai You Wang China 224k citations
  3. 3 Lei Jiang China 214k citations
  4. 4 Frede Blaabjerg Denmark 203k citations
  5. 5 Paul M. Thompson United States 196k citations
  6. 6 Qiang Zhang China 184k citations
  7. 7 Han Zhang China 161k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems?

The most cited paper in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems is "MuJoCo: A physics engine for model-based control" (Emanuel Todorov, Tom Erez, Yuval Tassa, 2012), with 4,629 citations. Next come "A new model for control of systems with friction" (3,686) and "Non-singular terminal sliding mode control of rigid manipulators" (2,325).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 MuJoCo: A physics engine for model-based control Emanuel Todorov, Tom Erez, Yuval Tassa Conference paper Oct 2012 4,629
2 A new model for control of systems with friction Carlos Canudas de Wit, Henrik Olsson, Karl Johan Åström et al. · IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Open access Mar 1995 3,686
3 Non-singular terminal sliding mode control of rigid manipulators Yong Feng, Xinghuo Yu, Zhihong Man · Automatica 28 Oct 2002 2,325
4 Phenomenological Model for Magnetorheological Dampers B. F. Spencer, Shirley J. Dyke, Mahaveer Kumar Sain et al. · Journal of Engineering Mechanics Mar 1997 2,063
5 Modal identification of output-only systems using frequency domain decomposition Rune Brincker, Lingmi Zhang, Palle Andersen · Smart Materials and Structures Jun 2001 1,833
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems research done?

The largest centres of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Nanjing (China) and Hangzhou (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Qinhuangdao and Zhenjiang.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 724 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 283 works
  3. 3 NanjingChina 277 works
  4. 4 HangzhouChina 267 works
  5. 5 Xi'anChina 238 works
  6. 6 WuhanChina 238 works
  7. 7 HarbinChina 181 works
  8. 8 ZhenjiangChina 159 works
  9. 9 ChengduChina 125 works
  10. 10 TokyoJapan 105 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. QinhuangdaoCN · 86.7 works24×
  2. ZhenjiangCN · 159.2 works16×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems than the world average.

See Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems on the map

Where is the best place to study Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems?

Among universities, judged by research, Jiangsu University, Tsinghua University and Zhejiang University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 20.69%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of UlsanJiangsu UniversityTsinghua UniversityZhejiang University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Jiangsu UniversityChina 74.621.1%22.6×143 +38.2%
2Tsinghua UniversityChina 68.917.6%5.6×102 +23.9%
3Zhejiang UniversityChina 67.116.1%5.3×112 +18.1%
4University of UlsanSouth Korea 66.932.9%12.3×19 +1.1%
5Yangzhou UniversityChina 64.423.3%11.1×48 +195.7%
6Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityChina 62.520.7%15.9×38 +87.7%
7Yanshan UniversityChina 61.915.3%30.8×85 +70.2%
8Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityChina 61.930.1%2.0×14 +101.2%
9Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyChina 60.912.5%11.3×73 +37.7%
10Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityChina 60.717.3%4.8×66 +43.5%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems, country by country

Is Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 16% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2024. The fastest-growing topics are Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.046% in 2024.

still counting0.025%0.050%0.075%Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems0.039% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Hydraulic and Pneumatic Systems9.9% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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