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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation is a research topic within Organic Chemistry. Science Explorer counts 50k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the synthesis, biological evaluation, and antimicrobial activity of quinoxaline derivatives. It covers a wide range of topics including the development of new catalysts for synthesis, investigation of their biological activities, and their potential as anticancer agents.

  • Quinoxaline
  • Synthesis
  • Antimicrobial Activity
  • Biological Evaluation
  • Derivatives
  • Catalyst
  • Heterocyclic Compounds
  • Anticancer Agents
  • Oxidation
  • Medicinal Chemistry
Research works
50k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
5k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2013–17 → 2018–22
-15%
the tick is no change

Which countries lead Synthesis and Biological Evaluation research?

By volume, India and China publish the most (951 and 880 works in 2022–2025).

By volume, 2022–2025

  1. 1 India 951 works
  2. 2 China 880 works
  3. 3 Russia 316 works
  4. 4 United States 314 works
  5. 5 Egypt 197 works
  6. 6 Iran 151 works
  7. 7 Brazil 133 works
  8. 8 Saudi Arabia 124 works
  9. 9 Türkiye 111 works
  10. 10 France 83 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

India: 29.2%China: 27.0%Russia: 9.7%United States: 9.6%6 others listed: 24.5%29%largest
India951 · 29.2%China880 · 27.0%Russia316 · 9.7%United States314 · 9.6%6 others listed798 · 24.5%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Synthesis and Biological Evaluation research?

By volume in 2022–2025, N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry publishes the most Synthesis and Biological Evaluation research, followed by Cairo University and National Research Centre.

Who are the leading researchers in Synthesis and Biological Evaluation?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Synthesis and Biological Evaluation include Judith A. K. Howard, Barry M. Trost and E. J. Corey.

  1. 1 Judith A. K. Howard United Kingdom 5.5k citations
  2. 2 Barry M. Trost United States 3.8k citations
  3. 3 E. J. Corey United States 3.6k citations
  4. 4 Peter G. Jones Germany 3.6k citations
  5. 5 F. Albert Cotton United States 3.5k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

Where is Synthesis and Biological Evaluation research done?

The largest centres of Synthesis and Biological Evaluation research in 2022–2025 are Moscow (Russia), Beijing (China), Hyderabad (India) and Cairo (Egypt). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Visakhapatnam.

Largest cities, 2022–2025

  1. 1 Moscow Russia 103 works
  2. 2 Beijing China 88 works
  3. 3 Hyderabad India 64 works
  4. 4 Cairo Egypt 63 works
  5. 5 Shanghai China 59 works
  6. 6 Giza Egypt 56 works
  7. 7 New Delhi India 47 works
  8. 8 Nanjing China 43 works
  9. 9 Tehran Iran 40 works
  10. 10 Yekaterinburg Russia 39 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. VisakhapatnamIN · 20.7 works12×
← less than its size predictsmore →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Synthesis and Biological Evaluation than the world average.

See Synthesis and Biological Evaluation on the map

Where is the best place to study Synthesis and Biological Evaluation?

Among universities, judged by research, Al-Azhar University, Guizhou University and Cairo University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 27.17%fractional works in this node (log) →share in the world top 10% →Al-Azhar University: 23, 35.6%Guizhou University: 23, 34.7%Cairo University: 29, 32.7%Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research: 20, 13.4%King Khalid University: 10, 25.8%GITAM University: 15, 5.4%Henan Normal University: 8, 37.3%University of Mosul: 11, 38.1%Lovely Professional University: 14, 26.8%King Saud University: 21, 21.9%Al-Azhar UniversityGuizhou UniversityCairo UniversityAcademy of Scientifi…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the table below. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1 Al-Azhar UniversityEgypt 73.535.6%13.5×23 +25.1%
2 Guizhou UniversityChina 66.934.7%10.0×23 -15.4%
3 Cairo UniversityEgypt 66.132.7%8.7×29 -44.9%
4 Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchIndia 63.613.4%14.6×20 +611.2%
5 King Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia 55.725.8%6.6×10 +98.4%
6 GITAM UniversityIndia 54.25.4%16.0×15 +291.1%
7 Henan Normal UniversityChina 51.537.3%9.3×8 -8.7%
8 University of MosulIraq 50.938.1%7.1×11 -8.7%
9 Lovely Professional UniversityIndia 50.726.8%6.6×14
10 King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia 50.021.9%5.4×21 -31.3%

Universities only. Score blends excellence (30%), specialisation (25%), size (20%), growth (15%) and international reach (10%), 2015–2022; growth compares 2010–14 with 2015–19.

Is Synthesis and Biological Evaluation research growing?

Output in 2018–2022 was 15% lower than in 2013–2017, peaking in 2010.

19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon — one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.