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Rwanda vs Vietnam

On research quality in 2022-now, Vietnam ranks #66 in the world and Rwanda #69, of 189 countries. Rwanda stands higher in 1 of the 25 fields both publish in, Vietnam in 24.

Research profiles alike: 0.16somewhat alike shapes of research, whatever their size. How it is measured

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Rwanda

World rank, 2022-now
#69
#72 all time
Works, 2022-now
4.6k
fractional
Top-10% rate
10.2%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
73%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Chemical Health and Safety, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Developmental Biology.

Vietnam

World rank, 2022-now
#66
#56 all time
Works, 2022-now
82k
fractional
Top-10% rate
7.3%
share of its work among the world's most cited
Open access
55%
of its works free to read

Strongest relative focus: Ecology, Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, Civil and Structural Engineering.

Who leads, measure by measure?

Rwanda leads on 5 of 9 measures: excellence for its fields, top-10% rate, open access, international co-authorship and growth. Vietnam leads on 3 of 9 measures: research quality, output and citations per work. The two are level on institutions in the world top 100.

Rwanda 51 level3 Vietnam
  1. #69Research qualityworld rank of 189 countries, 2022-now#66
  2. 0.99×Excellence for its fieldsits top-10% rate against what its topics predict; 1.00× is as expected0.60×
  3. 4.6kOutputfractional works, 2022-now82k
  4. 10.2%Top-10% rateshare of its works among the world's most cited7.3%
  5. 8.2Citations per workall time, per fractional work10.1
  6. 0World top 100institutions it holds among the world's best 1000
  7. 73%Open accessof its works free to read, all time55%
  8. 57%Internationalof its works written with co-authors abroad, all time29%
  9. +111%Growthworks in 2022-25 against 2018-21; half a bar is no change+74%

A rank is drawn as its standing: the longer the bar, the nearer the top. Anything else is drawn against the larger of the two, and two values a hair apart are called level. Quality, excellence and the top-10% rate are explained in the methodology.

Who leads in each field?

Rwanda stands higher in 1 of 25 fields, Vietnam in 24. Vietnam leads most in Business, Management and Accounting (#38 against #78); Rwanda leads most in Agricultural and Biological Sciences (#68 against #76). Each bar is that side's standing among all countries ranked in the field: the full bar is first place.

Rwanda 124 Vietnam
  1. #68Agricultural and Biological Sciences#76
  2. -Arts and Humanities#71
  3. -Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology#70
  4. #78Business, Management and Accounting#38
  5. -Chemical Engineering#38
  6. -Chemistry#53
  7. #75Computer Science#51
  8. -Decision Sciences#41
  9. -Dentistry#51
  10. -Earth and Planetary Sciences#57
  11. -Economics, Econometrics and Finance#47
  12. -Energy#48
  13. #81Engineering#48
  14. #56Environmental Science#46
  15. -Health Professions#71
  16. -Immunology and Microbiology#49
  17. -Materials Science#53
  18. -Mathematics#51
  19. #56Medicine#53
  20. -Neuroscience#54
  21. -Nursing#49
  22. -Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics#37
  23. -Physics and Astronomy#61
  24. -Psychology#59
  25. #70Social Sciences#58

Standing is the percentile of world rank within each field, 2022-now; the printed number is the rank itself. A dash means the field is too small there to rank. How sides are compared.

The numbers behind each field

Click a heading to sort. The side that does better in a pair of columns is shaded: a lower rank, a higher rate, more works.

Field Rwanda rankVietnam rank Rwanda top 10%Vietnam top 10% Rwanda worksVietnam works
Agricultural and Biological Sciences #68 #76 13.9% 5.6% 263 4.7k
Arts and Humanities - #71 - 8.9% - 1.5k
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - #70 - 4.6% - 3.1k
Business, Management and Accounting #78 #38 5.4% 12.6% 221 4.8k
Chemical Engineering - #38 - 6.5% - 273
Chemistry - #53 - 5.4% - 1.3k
Computer Science #75 #51 9.3% 7.4% 301 8k
Decision Sciences - #41 - 10.4% - 1.3k
Dentistry - #51 - 9.7% - 253
Earth and Planetary Sciences - #57 - 6.0% - 1k
Economics, Econometrics and Finance - #47 - 10.5% - 3.3k
Energy - #48 - 7.1% - 1k
Engineering #81 #48 8.8% 6.6% 331 16k
Environmental Science #56 #46 9.0% 7.1% 374 7.6k
Health Professions - #71 - 7.8% - 1k
Immunology and Microbiology - #49 - 6.1% - 555
Materials Science - #53 - 4.9% - 3.5k
Mathematics - #51 - 7.8% - 1.5k
Medicine #56 #53 10.4% 5.4% 890 9.7k
Neuroscience - #54 - 4.6% - 458
Nursing - #49 - 6.2% - 337
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - #37 - 4.2% - 483
Physics and Astronomy - #61 - 3.9% - 1k
Psychology - #59 - 8.8% - 1.6k
Social Sciences #70 #58 11.6% 9.5% 799 7.3k

What is each known for?

The keywords that describe each side's research, by fractional works in 2022-now and weighted toward what it does more of than the world.

Rwanda

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Climate Change299▲ 1.99×104 topics
  2. Epidemiology291▲ 1.32×127 topics
  3. Machine Learning221▲ 1.20×84 topics
  4. Sustainability200▲ 1.48×92 topics
  5. Deep Learning169◆ 0.88×79 topics
  6. Education164▲ 1.73×70 topics
  7. Environmental Impact144▲ 1.53×58 topics
  8. Public Health141▲ 1.75×56 topics
  9. Educational Technology133▲ 2.0×30 topics
  10. Globalization129▲ 1.19×75 topics
  11. Remote Sensing123▲ 1.82×40 topics
  12. Supply Chain Management122▲ 2.5×21 topics
  13. Genocide120▲ 41×3 topics
  14. Politics114▲ 7.9×12 topics
  15. Maternal Mortality108▲ 8.7×5 topics
  16. Risk Factors106▲ 1.74×35 topics
  17. Media105▲ 13×5 topics
  18. Middle East105▲ 31×2 topics
  19. Qatar104▲ 104×1 topic
  20. Rwanda104▲ 104×1 topic
  21. Community Health Workers100▲ 20×2 topics
  22. Risk Management94▲ 3.6×14 topics
  23. Health Inequalities92▲ 14×5 topics
  24. Socio-economic Factors89▲ 14×3 topics
  25. Child Mortality89▲ 22×1 topic
  26. Health Systems89▲ 22×1 topic
  27. Teaching Strategies84▲ 5.4×5 topics
  28. Higher Education82▲ 2.8×22 topics
  29. Child Development82▲ 3.6×8 topics
  30. Ethical Considerations75▲ 3.9×15 topics
  31. Global Burden of Disease75▲ 5.5×4 topics
  32. Student Engagement74▲ 3.4×16 topics
  33. Medical Education71▲ 4.8×11 topics
  34. Technology Integration70▲ 4.0×10 topics
  35. Vaccine69▲ 3.1×11 topics
  36. Global Health68▲ 7.9×7 topics
  37. Maternal and Child Undernutrition63▲ 14×1 topic
  38. Water Sanitation Hygiene63▲ 14×1 topic
  39. Poverty Reduction60▲ 8.4×5 topics
  40. Surgical Care46▲ 15×2 topics

Vietnam

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's
All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Deep Learning4,809▲ 1.44×85 topics
  2. Risk Assessment3,823▲ 6.0×29 topics
  3. Machine Learning3,748▲ 1.16×96 topics
  4. GIS-based Evaluation3,304▲ 105×2 topics
  5. Fuzzy Mathematics3,282▲ 162×1 topic
  6. Set Pair Analysis3,282▲ 162×1 topic
  7. Environmental Impact2,725▲ 1.65×71 topics
  8. Epidemiology2,604▼ 0.68×138 topics
  9. Sustainability2,540◆ 1.08×124 topics
  10. Climate Change2,333◆ 0.89×119 topics
  11. Neural Networks2,310▲ 1.55×41 topics
  12. Economic Growth1,925▲ 2.4×36 topics
  13. Renewable Energy1,924▲ 1.38×58 topics
  14. Globalization1,892◆ 1.00×152 topics
  15. Nanomaterials1,645▲ 1.63×21 topics
  16. Antioxidant1,581▲ 2.4×51 topics
  17. History1,473▲ 2.2×53 topics
  18. Biomedical Applications1,456▲ 1.27×36 topics
  19. Identity1,451▲ 2.1×64 topics
  20. Religion1,430▲ 3.2×38 topics
  21. Vietnam1,369▲ 35×2 topics
  22. Culture1,363▲ 2.7×37 topics
  23. Gender1,352▲ 2.6×52 topics
  24. Colonialism1,347▲ 2.9×41 topics
  25. Politics1,301▲ 5.1×21 topics
  26. Society1,296▲ 7.0×20 topics
  27. Economy1,273▲ 18×7 topics
  28. Convolutional Neural Networks1,239▲ 1.76×14 topics
  29. Consumer Behavior1,143▲ 1.90×19 topics
  30. Higher Education1,077▲ 2.1×30 topics
  31. Anti-inflammatory1,041▲ 3.8×29 topics
  32. Environmental Management989▲ 2.5×23 topics
  33. Medicinal Plants980▲ 2.6×20 topics
  34. Infrastructure912▲ 8.0×8 topics
  35. Monitoring790▲ 9.0×5 topics
  36. Laser Scanning643▲ 32×2 topics
  37. Geodetic639▲ 83×1 topic
  38. Leveling639▲ 83×1 topic
  39. Second Language Acquisition571▲ 6.4×3 topics
  40. Corrective Feedback531▲ 7.4×1 topic

Size is fractional works in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of the side's work against its share of the world's. Each word links to the topic it comes from most.

How has their output grown?

Vietnam has out-published Rwanda every year since 1980.

still counting10k20k30kVietnam26k in 2025Rwanda1,664 in 20251990200020102020

Fractional works per year.

Their share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share, because all of science grows. Each line is a side as a percentage of every work published that year.

still counting0.20%0.40%0.60%Vietnam0.44% in 2025Rwanda0.028% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

The share of each side's works, year by year, that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. The average of all institutions is 10.0% (why not 10%).

still counting10%20%Rwanda11.2% in 2025Vietnam7.4% in 2025200020102020

A year with under 1% of the side's peak output is left out: a rate over a handful of papers says nothing. The latest years are still being cited.

Who holds more of the world's best institutions?

A country's average quality and the number of institutions it holds at the very top can disagree, and both are worth knowing. The counts are nested: an institution in the top 50 is also in the top 100.

Rwanda 05 level0 Vietnam
  1. 0In the world top 500
  2. 0In the top 1000
  3. 0In the top 5000
  4. 0In the top 1,0000
  5. #51Elite capacityrank among 204 countries#51

Institutions ranked on research quality, 2022-now. Elite capacity counts a country's institutions by their worldwide rank, weighted so a place at #1 counts for more than one at #480.

Which publishes more research, Rwanda or Vietnam?

Vietnam publishes 17.9× as much research as Rwanda in 2022-now (82k against 4.6k fractional works).

Whose research has more impact, Rwanda or Vietnam?

10.2% of Rwanda's research reaches the world's top 10% most cited, against 7.3% for Vietnam.

Is Rwanda or Vietnam growing faster?

Output in 2022-25 was +111% against 2018-21 for Rwanda, and +74% for Vietnam.

Which has more open access research, Rwanda or Vietnam?

73% of Rwanda's research is free to read, against 55% of Vietnam's.

Which has more world-class institutions, Rwanda or Vietnam?

Rwanda holds 0 of the world's top 100 research institutions and Vietnam 0; in the top 1,000 it is 0 against 0.

Which institutions lead in each country?

The highest-ranked institutions on each side on research quality, 2022-now. The percentage is each institution's own top-10% rate: the share of its works that are among the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. Every figure stands alone, so they do not add up to 100%.

Rwanda

  1. 1University of Rwanda11.0% top 10% · 1.6k works
  2. 2University of Kigali6.7% top 10% · 612 works
  3. 3Ministry of Natural Resources12.5% top 10% · 458 works
  4. 4Rwanda Biomedical Center13.9% top 10% · 207 works
  5. 5University of Global Health Equity13.5% top 10% · 218 works
  6. 6Ministry of Education12.9% top 10% · 231 works

Vietnam

  1. 1University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City17.0% top 10% · 1.6k works
  2. 2FPT University10.5% top 10% · 1.7k works
  3. 3National Economics University15.8% top 10% · 1.2k works
  4. 4Phenikaa University9.7% top 10% · 1k works
  5. 5Duy Tan University14.0% top 10% · 1.3k works
  6. 6Ho Chi Minh City Open University15.5% top 10% · 857 works

The number is the rank inside the country. The track on each row is the top-10% rate; the tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set): teal above it, red below. The ranking is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each institution's own topics predict and adds a small reward for size, so the rates do not fall in order.

Who are the top researchers on each side?

The most cited researchers on each side, among those ranked.

Rwanda

  1. 1 Corine Karema #100,026 worldwide 84k citations · 83 works
  2. 2 Claude Mambo Muvunyi #103,506 worldwide 4.7k citations · 224 works
  3. 3 Agnès Binagwaho #112,520 worldwide 24k citations · 297 works
  4. 4 Ainhoa Costas‐Chavarri #144,195 worldwide 4.1k citations · 51 works
  5. 5 Pierre Gashema #164,832 worldwide 531 citations · 71 works

Vietnam

  1. 1 Xuan Vinh Vo #1,005 worldwide 17k citations · 382 works
  2. 2 Arivalagan Pugazhendhi #1,857 worldwide 47k citations · 692 works
  3. 3 Dinh‐Toi Chu #3,275 worldwide 128k citations · 334 works
  4. 4 Bach Xuan Tran #5,523 worldwide 263k citations · 504 works
  5. 5 Anh Tuan Hoang #8,950 worldwide 26k citations · 465 works