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Topic · Complementary and alternative medicine

Cardiovascular and exercise physiology

Cardiovascular and exercise physiology is a research topic within Complementary and alternative medicine. Science Explorer counts 53k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the physiological effects of exercise, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health. It covers topics such as exercise capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness, high-intensity interval training, aerobic exercise, heart failure, blood flow restriction, oxygen uptake, skeletal muscle physiology, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

  • Exercise Capacity
  • Cardiorespiratory Fitness
  • High-Intensity Interval Training
  • Aerobic Exercise
  • Heart Failure
  • Blood Flow Restriction
  • Oxygen Uptake
  • Skeletal Muscle Physiology
  • Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing
  • Vascular Function
Research works
53k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
5.3k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+8%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
United States
30% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Cardiovascular and exercise physiology

This ranks research output and citation impact. It says nothing about the quality of diagnosis, treatment or care.

Which countries lead Cardiovascular and exercise physiology research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (2k and 1k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 United States 2k works
  2. 2 China 1k works
  3. 3 Brazil 741 works
  4. 4 United Kingdom 529 works
  5. 5 Germany 471 works
  6. 6 Spain 457 works
  7. 7 Japan 455 works
  8. 8 Canada 397 works
  9. 9 Italy 363 works
  10. 10 Australia 331 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 30.1%China: 15.0%Brazil: 10.9%United Kingdom: 7.8%6 others listed: 36.3%30%largest
United States2,049 · 30.1%China1,024 · 15.0%Brazil741 · 10.9%United Kingdom529 · 7.8%6 others listed2,474 · 36.3%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Cardiovascular and exercise physiology research?

By volume in 2022-now, Witten/Herdecke University publishes the most Cardiovascular and exercise physiology research, followed by Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen and Harvard University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Witten/Herdecke UniversityGermany 76 works
  2. 2 Justus-Liebig-Universität GießenGermany 74 works
  3. 3 Harvard UniversityUnited States 54 works
  4. 4 Beijing Sport UniversityChina 53 works
  5. 5 Universidade de São PauloBrazil 50 works
  6. 6 Mayo ClinicUnited States 47 works
  7. 7 University of British ColumbiaCanada 37 works
  8. 8 University of CopenhagenDenmark 37 works
  9. 9 University of TorontoCanada 33 works
  10. 10 The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterUnited States 32 works

Who are the leading researchers in Cardiovascular and exercise physiology?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Cardiovascular and exercise physiology include George Davey Smith, Walter Churchill Willett and Julian P. T. Higgins.

  1. 1 George Davey Smith United Kingdom 435k citations
  2. 2 Walter Churchill Willett United States 411k citations
  3. 3 Julian P. T. Higgins United Kingdom 390k citations
  4. 4 John J.V. McMurray United Kingdom 349k citations
  5. 5 Hermann Brenner Germany 343k citations
  6. 6 Cyrus Cooper United Kingdom 342k citations
  7. 7 Emelia J. Benjamin United States 341k citations
  8. 8 Stephan Windecker Switzerland 338k citations
  9. 9 John P. A. Ioannidis United States 317k citations
  10. 10 Gordon Henry Guyatt Canada 315k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Cardiovascular and exercise physiology?

The most cited paper in Cardiovascular and exercise physiology is "Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence" (Darren E. R. Warburton, 2006), with 8,106 citations. Next come "Physical Activity and Public Health" (6,569) and "2011 Compendium of Physical Activities" (6,392).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence Darren E. R. Warburton · Canadian Medical Association Journal Open access 13 Mar 2006 8,106
2 Physical Activity and Public Health William L. Haskell, I‐Min Lee, Russell R. Pate et al. · Circulation Open access Aug 2007 6,569
3 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities Barbara E. Ainsworth, William L. Haskell, Stephen D. Herrmann et al. · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 16 Jun 2011 6,392
4 The Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization on Morbidity and Mortality in Heart Failure John G.F. Cleland, Jean‐Claude Daubert, Erland Erdmann et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 7 Mar 2005 6,311
5 Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults Wojtek Jan Chodzko-Zajko, David N. Proctor, Maria A. Fiatarone Singh et al. · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 16 Jun 2009 5,186
All 95 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Cardiovascular and exercise physiology research done?

The largest centres of Cardiovascular and exercise physiology research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), São Paulo (Brazil), Tokyo (Japan) and Madrid (Spain). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Witten and Giessen.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 188 works
  2. 2 São PauloBrazil 156 works
  3. 3 TokyoJapan 123 works
  4. 4 MadridSpain 90 works
  5. 5 SeoulSouth Korea 90 works
  6. 6 LondonUnited Kingdom 87 works
  7. 7 ShanghaiChina 81 works
  8. 8 GiessenGermany 78 works
  9. 9 WittenGermany 76 works
  10. 10 MilanItaly 74 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. WittenDE · 75.8 works61×
  2. GiessenDE · 77.5 works20×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Cardiovascular and exercise physiology than the world average.

See Cardiovascular and exercise physiology on the map

Where is the best place to study Cardiovascular and exercise physiology?

Among universities, judged by research, Beijing Sport University, Maastricht University and Shanghai University of Sport score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 22.55%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Shanghai University …University of Leices…Maastricht UniversityBeijing Sport Univer…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Beijing Sport UniversityChina 70.420.0%87.1×53 +181.0%
2Maastricht UniversityNetherlands 65.822.1%5.9×21 +11.5%
3Shanghai University of SportChina 65.424.9%43.3×22 +27.8%
4University of LeicesterUnited Kingdom 63.323.8%7.8×19 +24.7%
5Universiti Putra MalaysiaMalaysia 62.834.6%2.2×10 +374.4%
6Harvard UniversityUnited States 61.716.5%1.9×54 -3.4%
7University of CopenhagenDenmark 61.520.4%4.3×37 -12.1%
8Justus-Liebig-Universität GießenGermany 60.213.0%37.5×74 -36.2%
9Karolinska InstitutetSweden 59.219.3%3.8×20 +15.2%
10Auckland University of TechnologyNew Zealand 58.530.9%6.0×10 +4.8%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Cardiovascular and exercise physiology, country by country

Is Cardiovascular and exercise physiology research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 8% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Cardiovascular and exercise physiology.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Cardiovascular and exercise physiology as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.041% in 2024.

still counting0.025%0.050%0.075%Cardiovascular and exercise physiology0.045% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Cardiovascular and exercise physiology over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Cardiovascular and exercise physiology10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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