Click Chemistry and Applications

Click Chemistry and Applications is a research topic within Organic Chemistry. Science Explorer counts 36k research works in it since 1950. 9.9% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the application of click chemistry, particularly the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, in chemical biology and drug development. It explores diverse chemical functionality, bioorthogonal chemistry, protein labeling, in vivo imaging, triazole synthesis, and the development of enzyme inhibitors.

Click Chemistry
Copper-Catalyzed Cycloaddition
Bioorthogonal Chemistry
Azides and Alkynes
Chemical Functionality
Drug Discovery
Protein Labeling
In Vivo Imaging
Triazole Synthesis
Enzyme Inhibitors

Research works: 36k
In the world top 10%: 3.6k
Top-10% rate: 9.9%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25: +16%
Largest producer: China

Click Chemistry and Applications

Which countries lead Click Chemistry and Applications research?

By volume, China and India publish the most (1.5k and 1k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

1 China 1.5k works
2 India 1k works
3 United States 1k works
4 Germany 281 works
5 Japan 248 works
6 France 200 works
7 United Kingdom 189 works
8 Russia 181 works
9 Egypt 157 works
10 Türkiye 145 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China1,499 · 30.4%India1,015 · 20.6%United States1,010 · 20.5%Germany281 · 5.7%6 others listed1,122 · 22.8%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Click Chemistry and Applications research?

By volume in 2022-now, Chinese Academy of Sciences publishes the most Click Chemistry and Applications research, followed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Russian Academy of Sciences.

By volume, 2022-now

1 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 102 works
2 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 101 works
3 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 82 works
4 Harvard UniversityUnited States 38 works
5 Peking UniversityChina 35 works
6 Sichuan UniversityChina 34 works
7 Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchIndia 31 works
8 Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 25 works
9 National Research CentreEgypt 25 works
10 China Pharmaceutical UniversityChina 25 works

Who are the leading researchers in Click Chemistry and Applications?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Click Chemistry and Applications include Eric S. Lander, Michaël Grätzel and Guido Kroemer.

1 Eric S. Lander United States 524k citations
2 Michaël Grätzel Switzerland 458k citations
3 Guido Kroemer France 386k citations
4 Jun Wang China 340k citations
5 Róbert Langer United States 303k citations
6 Richard A. Gibbs United States 292k citations
7 John Q. Trojanowski United States 286k citations
8 Todd R. Golub United States 283k citations
9 Hagop M. Kantarjian United States 273k citations
10 George M. Whitesides United States 267k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Click Chemistry and Applications?

The most cited paper in Click Chemistry and Applications is "Click Chemistry: Diverse Chemical Function from a Few Good Reactions" (Hartmuth Christian Kolb, M. G. Finn, Karl Barry Sharpless, 2001), with 13,223 citations. Next come "A Stepwise Huisgen Cycloaddition Process: Copper(I)-Catalyzed Regioselective “Ligation” of Azides and Terminal Alkynes" (11,614) and "Automated docking using a Lamarckian genetic algorithm and an empirical binding free energy function" (10,945).

Most cited papers
#	Paper	Released	Citations
1	Click Chemistry: Diverse Chemical Function from a Few Good Reactions Hartmuth Christian Kolb, M. G. Finn, Karl Barry Sharpless · Angewandte Chemie International Edition	Jun 2001	13,223
2	A Stepwise Huisgen Cycloaddition Process: Copper(I)-Catalyzed Regioselective “Ligation” of Azides and Terminal Alkynes Vsevolod V. Rostovtsev, Luke G. Green, Valery V. Fokin et al. · Angewandte Chemie International Edition	15 Jul 2002	11,614
3	Automated docking using a Lamarckian genetic algorithm and an empirical binding free energy function Garrett M. Morris, David S. Goodsell, Robert S. Halliday et al. · Journal of Computational Chemistry	15 Nov 1998	10,945
4	Glide: A New Approach for Rapid, Accurate Docking and Scoring. 1. Method and Assessment of Docking Accuracy Richard A. Friesner, Jay L. Banks, Robert B. Murphy et al. · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry	27 Feb 2004	10,177
5	Peptidotriazoles on Solid Phase: [1,2,3]-Triazoles by Regiospecific Copper(I)-Catalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions of Terminal Alkynes to Azides Christian Wenzel Tornøe, Caspar Elo Christensen, Morten Meldal · The Journal of Organic Chemistry	2 Apr 2002	8,627

All 98 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Click Chemistry and Applications research done?

The largest centres of Click Chemistry and Applications research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Guangzhou (China) and Nanjing (China).

Largest cities, 2022-now

1 BeijingChina 229 works
2 ShanghaiChina 126 works
3 GuangzhouChina 83 works
4 NanjingChina 83 works
5 MoscowRussia 80 works
6 TokyoJapan 77 works
7 ParisFrance 75 works
8 HyderabadIndia 69 works
9 HangzhouChina 60 works
10 WuhanChina 59 works

See Click Chemistry and Applications on the map

Where is the best place to study Click Chemistry and Applications?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, Peking University and Al-Azhar University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged

40%

Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share

10%

Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale

30%

Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%

10%

Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad

10%

Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.

#	University	Score	Top 10%	Specialisation	Works	Growth
1	Harvard UniversityUnited States	72.8	19.1%	2.0×	38	+9.5%
2	Peking UniversityChina	68.9	21.6%	2.9×	35	+36.3%
3	Al-Azhar UniversityEgypt	68.7	29.4%	6.7×	15	+50.6%
4	Sichuan UniversityChina	60.2	14.7%	2.6×	34	+49.8%
5	University of California, San FranciscoUnited States	59.1	30.0%	2.5×	11	+5.8%
6	École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneSwitzerland	58.6	16.5%	5.3×	13	+28.1%
7	China Pharmaceutical UniversityChina	56.1	13.9%	19.0×	25	+108.6%
8	Nanjing UniversityChina	55.3	22.2%	3.3×	18	+40.3%
9	Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore	55.0	20.6%	2.6×	12	+54.2%
10	Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and TechnologyIndia	54.7	22.5%	37.1×	14	+8.8%
11	Cairo UniversityEgypt	53.0	21.5%	4.0×	18	+118.2%
12	Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina	52.5	10.9%	2.1×	25	+45.1%
13	King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia	52.2	12.8%	3.0×	18	+102.7%
14	University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChina	51.8	11.5%	2.5×	24	+57.7%
15	Tsinghua UniversityChina	51.5	17.2%	1.5×	21	+18.6%
16	Banaras Hindu UniversityIndia	50.8	7.6%	5.4×	25	+194.8%
17	University of California San DiegoUnited States	50.7	11.8%	2.3×	13	+31.1%
18	King Khalid UniversitySaudi Arabia	49.6	12.5%	5.1×	11	+299.5%
19	Indo Soviet Friendship College of PharmacyIndia	48.9	17.6%	36.9×	9	+173.8%
20	City University of Hong KongChina	48.7	14.8%	2.6×	9	+11.4%
21	University of Science and Technology of ChinaChina	47.4	17.9%	2.1×	15	+83.9%
22	National University of SingaporeSingapore	47.4	17.1%	1.8×	13	+27.2%
23	Lovely Professional UniversityIndia	46.9	12.3%	5.5×	16	+641.3%
24	Radboud University NijmegenNetherlands	46.8	12.1%	3.0×	11	+25.3%
25	Vellore Institute of Technology UniversityIndia	46.7	14.5%	3.2×	18	+81.6%
26	Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina	46.5	14.6%	1.2×	20	+67.8%
27	Nankai UniversityChina	45.5	8.5%	5.1×	21	+130.7%
28	Shenzhen UniversityChina	44.3	17.1%	2.1×	9	+137.8%
29	Fudan UniversityChina	43.9	14.6%	1.9×	18	+85.5%
30	Leiden UniversityNetherlands	43.6	14.7%	3.8×	12	+21.8%
31	Stanford UniversityUnited States	43.5	17.8%	1.6×	14	-16.6%
32	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChina	43.3	14.7%	2.7×	17	+48.6%
33	Mansoura UniversityEgypt	43.1	11.8%	4.9×	13	+118.8%
34	Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchIndia	42.1	4.5%	10.0×	18	+52.5%
35	Birla Institute of Technology and Science, PilaniIndia	41.9	13.8%	5.7×	13	+43.6%
36	Zhejiang UniversityChina	41.6	13.4%	1.2×	19	+31.3%
37	University of CopenhagenDenmark	40.9	10.7%	2.4×	13	+49.6%
38	Cornell UniversityUnited States	40.5	14.7%	1.6×	12	+4.9%
39	East China University of Science and TechnologyChina	40.3	16.2%	4.3×	12	+19.4%
40	Xiamen UniversityChina	39.2	21.6%	1.9×	10	+21.9%
41	ETH ZurichSwitzerland	37.1	12.1%	3.1×	13	-25.9%
42	Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityChina	35.5	8.5%	15.8×	12	+59.1%
43	Osmania UniversityIndia	33.7	7.8%	24.5×	18	-12.3%
44	University of Hong KongChina	32.3	9.5%	1.7×	9	-38.1%
45	GITAM UniversityIndia	32.2	4.4%	9.3×	12	+130.7%
46	University of North Carolina at Chapel HillUnited States	31.8	6.8%	2.1×	22	-27.5%
47	ShanghaiTech UniversityChina	31.6	4.4%	8.9×	10	+241.0%
48	KU LeuvenBelgium	25.1	3.5%	2.3×	13	-36.4%
49	Hindu College of PharmacyIndia	24.1	1.4%	14.8×	9	+254.2%
50	Dibrugarh UniversityIndia	21.0	2.1%	16.2×	8	+64.2%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Click Chemistry and Applications, country by country

Is Click Chemistry and Applications research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 16% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Click Chemistry and Applications.

grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Click Chemistry and Applications as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.027% in 2024.

Fractional works of Click Chemistry and Applications over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

Discussion

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Which countries lead Click Chemistry and Applications research?

By volume, 2022-now

How concentrated that is

Which institutions lead Click Chemistry and Applications research?

By volume, 2022-now

Who are the leading researchers in Click Chemistry and Applications?

What are the most cited papers in Click Chemistry and Applications?

Where is Click Chemistry and Applications research done?

Largest cities, 2022-now

Where is the best place to study Click Chemistry and Applications?

Is Click Chemistry and Applications research growing?

Its share of all research

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Which topics inside it are moving

Related research

Discussion