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Topic · Rheumatology

GDF15 and Related Biomarkers

GDF15 and Related Biomarkers is a research topic within Rheumatology. Science Explorer counts 8.7k research works in it since 1954. 10.2% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers explores the role of growth factors, particularly Growth-Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) and Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 (MIC-1), in various physiological and pathological processes such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic homeostasis, neuroprotection, and inflammation. The papers also investigate the potential of these factors as biomarkers for different health conditions.

  • Growth-Differentiation Factor-15
  • TGF-ß Superfamily
  • Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1
  • Mitochondrial-Derived Peptides
  • Cardiovascular Disease
  • Obesity
  • Metabolic Homeostasis
  • Neuroprotection
  • Inflammation
  • Biomarkers
Research works
8.7k
fractional, since 1954
In the world top 10%
896
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.2%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+47%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
43% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
GDF15 and Related Biomarkers

This ranks research output and citation impact. It says nothing about the quality of diagnosis, treatment or care.

Which countries lead GDF15 and Related Biomarkers research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (1k and 674 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 1k works
  2. 2 United States 674 works
  3. 3 India 111 works
  4. 4 Germany 101 works
  5. 5 United Kingdom 100 works
  6. 6 Japan 94 works
  7. 7 Italy 84 works
  8. 8 Russia 76 works
  9. 9 South Korea 68 works
  10. 10 Spain 64 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 43.4%United States: 27.8%India: 4.6%Germany: 4.2%6 others listed: 20.1%43%largest
China1,049 · 43.4%United States674 · 27.8%India111 · 4.6%Germany101 · 4.2%6 others listed486 · 20.1%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead GDF15 and Related Biomarkers research?

By volume in 2022-now, Harvard University publishes the most GDF15 and Related Biomarkers research, followed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Capital Medical University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Harvard UniversityUnited States 31 works
  2. 2 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 27 works
  3. 3 Capital Medical UniversityChina 24 works
  4. 4 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChina 22 works
  5. 5 Nanjing Medical UniversityChina 21 works
  6. 6 Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 19 works
  7. 7 Sichuan UniversityChina 18 works
  8. 8 Central South UniversityChina 17 works
  9. 9 Wuhan UniversityChina 17 works
  10. 10 Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyChina 17 works

Who are the leading researchers in GDF15 and Related Biomarkers?

The most-cited researchers publishing on GDF15 and Related Biomarkers include John J.V. McMurray, Hermann Brenner and Cyrus Cooper.

  1. 1 John J.V. McMurray United Kingdom 349k citations
  2. 2 Hermann Brenner Germany 343k citations
  3. 3 Cyrus Cooper United Kingdom 342k citations
  4. 4 Emelia J. Benjamin United States 341k citations
  5. 5 Mika Kivimäki United Kingdom 318k citations
  6. 6 John P. A. Ioannidis United States 317k citations
  7. 7 Graeme J. Hankey Australia 316k citations
  8. 8 Gregory Y.H. Lip United Kingdom 311k citations
  9. 9 Salim Yusuf Canada 294k citations
  10. 10 John Q. Trojanowski United States 286k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in GDF15 and Related Biomarkers?

The most cited paper in GDF15 and Related Biomarkers is "Alzheimer's Disease: The Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis" (John Hardy, Gerald A. Higgins, 1992), with 7,581 citations. Next come "Regulation of skeletal muscle mass in mice by a new TGF-p superfamily member" (4,036) and "Elevated Circulating Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Severe Chronic Heart Failure" (2,605).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Alzheimer's Disease: The Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis John Hardy, Gerald A. Higgins · Science 10 Apr 1992 7,581
2 Regulation of skeletal muscle mass in mice by a new TGF-p superfamily member Alexandra C. McPherron, Ann M. Lawler, Se‐Jin Lee · Nature May 1997 4,036
3 Elevated Circulating Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Severe Chronic Heart Failure Beth Levine, Jill Kalman, Lloyd F. Mayer et al. · New England Journal of Medicine Open access 26 Jul 1990 2,605
4 Genes that act downstream of DAF-16 to influence the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans Coleen Tara Murphy, Steven A. McCarroll, Cornelia I. Bargmann et al. · Nature 29 Jun 2003 2,327
5 The KEAP1-NRF2 System: a Thiol-Based Sensor-Effector Apparatus for Maintaining Redox Homeostasis Masayuki P. Yamamoto, Thomas W. Kensler, Hozumi Motohashi · Physiological Reviews ReviewOpen access 2 May 2018 1,982
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is GDF15 and Related Biomarkers research done?

The largest centres of GDF15 and Related Biomarkers research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Guangzhou (China) and Wuhan (China).

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 115 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 81 works
  3. 3 GuangzhouChina 69 works
  4. 4 WuhanChina 45 works
  5. 5 NanjingChina 38 works
  6. 6 ChengduChina 37 works
  7. 7 HangzhouChina 34 works
  8. 8 MoscowRussia 33 works
  9. 9 LondonUnited Kingdom 32 works
  10. 10 ChangshaChina 31 works
See GDF15 and Related Biomarkers on the map

Where is the best place to study GDF15 and Related Biomarkers?

Among universities, judged by research, Harvard University, Southern Medical University and Columbia University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%mean 15.46%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Southern Medical Uni…Columbia UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversityHarvard University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Harvard UniversityUnited States 80.513.1%3.5×31 +58.6%
2Southern Medical UniversityChina 63.720.3%8.3×14 +64.4%
3Columbia UniversityUnited States 58.819.5%2.8×8 +267.6%
4Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 56.015.5%3.3×19 +50.5%
5Johns Hopkins UniversityUnited States 55.612.8%2.8×12 +17.5%
6Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 54.411.6%3.3×27 +41.9%
7Wuhan UniversityChina 54.415.7%4.2×17 +44.9%
8Harbin Medical UniversityChina 53.214.4%12.2×12 +109.9%
9Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyChina 52.514.6%3.3×17 +131.5%
10Nanchang UniversityChina 52.017.1%6.1×13 +236.6%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in GDF15 and Related Biomarkers, country by country

Is GDF15 and Related Biomarkers research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 47% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are GDF15 and Related Biomarkers.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is GDF15 and Related Biomarkers as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.011% in 2024.

still counting0.0050%0.010%0.015%GDF15 and Related Biomarkers0.015% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of GDF15 and Related Biomarkers over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%GDF15 and Related Biomarkers10.2% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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