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International Arbitration and Investment Law

International Arbitration and Investment Law is a research topic within Strategy and Management. Science Explorer counts 23k research works in it since 1950. 11.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the impact of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the related legal and economic implications. It explores topics such as investment treaty arbitration, regulatory expropriation, fair and equitable treatment, and the balance between state sovereignty and international law.

  • Bilateral Investment Treaties
  • Foreign Direct Investment
  • Investment Treaty Arbitration
  • International Economic Law
  • Investor-State Disputes
  • Regulatory Expropriation
  • Fair and Equitable Treatment
  • Arbitration
  • State Sovereignty
  • International Law
Research works
23k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
2.6k
per year above
Top-10% rate
11.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2013–17 → 2018–22
+17%
the tick is no change

Which countries lead International Arbitration and Investment Law research?

By volume, the United States and China publish the most (526 and 336 works in 2022–2025).

By volume, 2022–2025

  1. 1 United States 526 works
  2. 2 China 336 works
  3. 3 United Kingdom 317 works
  4. 4 Russia 214 works
  5. 5 Indonesia 165 works
  6. 6 France 141 works
  7. 7 Australia 136 works
  8. 8 India 134 works
  9. 9 Germany 126 works
  10. 10 Netherlands 120 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

United States: 23.7%China: 15.2%United Kingdom: 14.3%Russia: 9.7%6 others listed: 37.1%24%largest
United States526 · 23.7%China336 · 15.2%United Kingdom317 · 14.3%Russia214 · 9.7%6 others listed822 · 37.1%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead International Arbitration and Investment Law research?

By volume in 2022–2025, Tulane University publishes the most International Arbitration and Investment Law research, followed by Shanghai Maritime University and National University of Singapore.

By volume, 2022–2025

  1. 1 Tulane UniversityUnited States 36 works
  2. 2 Shanghai Maritime UniversityChina 34 works
  3. 3 National University of SingaporeSingapore 25 works
  4. 4 Australian National UniversityAustralia 25 works
  5. 5 Leiden UniversityNetherlands 24 works
  6. 6 Tashkent State University of LawUzbekistan 23 works
  7. 7 University of IndonesiaIndonesia 19 works
  8. 8 University of HelsinkiFinland 18 works
  9. 9 University of OsloNorway 18 works
  10. 10 Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 18 works

Who are the leading researchers in International Arbitration and Investment Law?

The most-cited researchers publishing on International Arbitration and Investment Law include Robert O. Keohane, Cass R. Sunstein and Robert W. McGee.

  1. 1 Robert O. Keohane United States 2.7k citations
  2. 2 Cass R. Sunstein United States 2.5k citations
  3. 3 Robert W. McGee United States 1.9k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

Where is International Arbitration and Investment Law research done?

The largest centres of International Arbitration and Investment Law research in 2022–2025 are Moscow (Russia), London (United Kingdom), Beijing (China) and Shanghai (China). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in New Orleans, Yerevan and Geneva.

Largest cities, 2022–2025

  1. 1 Moscow Russia 127 works
  2. 2 London United Kingdom 113 works
  3. 3 Beijing China 81 works
  4. 4 Shanghai China 75 works
  5. 5 New York United States 66 works
  6. 6 Washington D.C. United States 60 works
  7. 7 Paris France 47 works
  8. 8 Singapore Singapore 46 works
  9. 9 Geneva Switzerland 39 works
  10. 10 Hong Kong China 38 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. New OrleansUS · 36.5 works19×
  2. YerevanAM · 24.2 works14×
  3. GenevaCH · 39.3 works12×
  4. LeidenNL · 25.4 works9.8×
← less than its size predictsmore →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in International Arbitration and Investment Law than the world average.

See International Arbitration and Investment Law on the map

Where is the best place to study International Arbitration and Investment Law?

Among universities, judged by research, University of Oslo, University of Amsterdam and Maastricht University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 14.5%fractional works in this node (log) →share in the world top 10% →University of Oslo: 18, 26.9%University of Amsterdam: 17, 20.3%Maastricht University: 11, 22.6%National University of Singapore: 26, 13.9%Singapore Management University: 17, 10.2%University of Helsinki: 18, 9.7%O. P. Jindal Global University: 14, 5.9%University of Macau: 10, 12.2%Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies: 17, 14.5%Leiden University: 24, 8.8%University of OsloMaastricht UniversityUniversity of Amster…National University …
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the table below. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1 University of OsloNorway 79.226.9%9.7×18 +82.3%
2 University of AmsterdamNetherlands 71.920.3%8.6×17 +148.7%
3 Maastricht UniversityNetherlands 69.722.6%8.8×11 +133.5%
4 National University of SingaporeSingapore 66.013.9%6.8×26 +132.8%
5 Singapore Management UniversitySingapore 64.910.2%40.5×17 +140.4%
6 University of HelsinkiFinland 60.59.7%8.3×18 +173.3%
7 O. P. Jindal Global UniversityIndia 59.85.9%40.5×14 +617.9%
8 University of MacauMacau 59.112.2%7.7×10 +256.5%
9 Graduate Institute of International and Development StudiesSwitzerland 57.914.5%112.8×17 -0.2%
10 Leiden UniversityNetherlands 57.48.8%18.6×24 -11.8%

Universities only. Score blends excellence (30%), specialisation (25%), size (20%), growth (15%) and international reach (10%), 2015–2022; growth compares 2010–14 with 2015–19.

Is International Arbitration and Investment Law research growing?

Output in 2018–2022 was 17% higher than in 2013–2017, peaking in 2020. The fastest-growing topics are International Arbitration and Investment Law.

19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon — one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.