Science Explorer Back to mapMap
Discussion
Hospital / health system · Makkah al Mukarramah · Saudi Arabia

King Abdulaziz Hospital

In research, King Abdulaziz Hospital stands highest in Medicine (#5,531 of 8,541 worldwide), Health Sciences (#6,647 of 9,902 worldwide) and Surgery (#1,148 of 1,532 worldwide), 2022-now. Relative to its size it is most specialised in Dentistry (Dentistry is 6.5× its share of world research).

mrhb.gov.sa/hospitals/show/025/22ROR OpenAlex
World rank, 2022-now
#11,713
of 22,385 · #20,952 all time
Rank in Saudi Arabia
#63
of 91
Research works
1.7k
▲ 142% vs 2018-21
Citations
16k
9.2 per fractional work
Top-10% rate
5.1%
all institutions 10.0%
vs its own fields
0.71×
1.00× is exactly expected
Open access
73%
world 40%
International
24%
world 18%
King Abdulaziz Hospital

What is King Abdulaziz Hospital known for in research?

The fields where it stands highest, 2022-now, ranked among every institution above the floor in each field.

FieldWorld rankWhere that sitsTop-10% rateWorksAll time
MedicineField #5,531 of 8,541 4.1%500 #9442
Health SciencesDomain #6,647 of 9,902 4.3%576 #11456
SurgerySubfield #1,148 of 1,532 5.0%75 #2522
Life SciencesDomain #5,629 of 6,403 4.9%81 #9024
Social SciencesDomain #9,288 of 9,585 9.5%61 -

Each strip is that field's whole ranked pool, with the notch where King Abdulaziz Hospital sits in it, in the colour of the band that rank falls in. The track under the rate is the rate itself: it carries no average mark, because the average differs by field (from about 6% in Dentistry to 21% in Economics).

Which of those standings moved

The same fields on both windows: where it stood over the whole record, and where it stands in 2022-now. The distance is the story, and it is the one thing the two rank columns above cannot show.

  1. Medicine#9,442 #5,531
  2. Health Sciences#11,456 #6,647
  3. Surgery#2,522 #1,148
  4. Life Sciences#9,024 #5,629
all time2022-now, better2022-now, worse

A dot further right is a better standing. Fields it was not ranked in over the whole record are left out.

Which fields of science does King Abdulaziz Hospital work in?

In 2022-now, 77% of research at King Abdulaziz Hospital is in Health Sciences, 11% in Life Sciences. Its largest fields are Medicine (67%), Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (6%), Health Professions (6%). It does 3.3× the world's share of Health Sciences.

Health Sciences: 652 fractional works · 76.9% of its workMedicine: 566 fractional works · 66.7% of its workSurgery: 86 fractional works · 10.1% of its workEpidemiology: 49 fractional works · 5.8% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 39 fractional works · 4.6% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 26 fractional works · 3.1% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 26 fractional works · 3.0% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 24 fractional works · 2.8% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 23 fractional works · 2.7% of its workOncology: 20 fractional works · 2.4% of its workPhysiology: 20 fractional works · 2.3% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 18 fractional works · 2.2% of its workInfectious Diseases: 18 fractional works · 2.1% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 17 fractional works · 2.0% of its workRheumatology: 16 fractional works · 1.9% of its workNeurology: 15 fractional works · 1.7% of its workDermatology: 13 fractional works · 1.6% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 12 fractional works · 1.5% of its workEmergency Medicine: 12 fractional works · 1.4% of its workObstetrics and Gynecology: 12 fractional works · 1.4% of its workOphthalmology: 10 fractional works · 1.2% of its workHematology: 10 fractional works · 1.2% of its workGenetics: 10 fractional works · 1.2% of its workNephrology: 10 fractional works · 1.2% of its workCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine: 8 fractional works · 1.0% of its workOrthopedics and Sports Medicine: 7 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPharmacology: 7 fractional works · 0.8% of its workGastroenterology: 6 fractional works · 0.8% of its workHepatology: 6 fractional works · 0.7% of its workOtorhinolaryngology: 6 fractional works · 0.7% of its workGeriatrics and Gerontology: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workReproductive Medicine: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workUrology: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workRehabilitation: 4 fractional works · 0.5% of its workAnesthesiology and Pain Medicine: 4 fractional works · 0.5% of its workComplementary and alternative medicine: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workFamily Practice: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHealth Informatics: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workBiochemistry: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workImmunology and Allergy: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workHealth Professions: 51 fractional works · 6.0% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 22 fractional works · 2.6% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 10 fractional works · 1.2% of its workSpeech and Hearing: 4 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth Information Management: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOccupational Therapy: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacy: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workRadiological and Ultrasound Technology: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workDentistry: 27 fractional works · 3.2% of its workOral Surgery: 9 fractional works · 1.1% of its workPeriodontics: 8 fractional works · 0.9% of its workOrthodontics: 6 fractional works · 0.7% of its workGeneral Dentistry: 4 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNursing: 7 fractional works · 0.9% of its workNutrition and Dietetics: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workVeterinary: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workLife Sciences: 93 fractional works · 11.0% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 53 fractional works · 6.3% of its workMolecular Biology: 17 fractional works · 2.0% of its workGenetics: 16 fractional works · 1.9% of its workCell Biology: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workCancer Research: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workMolecular Medicine: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workClinical Biochemistry: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNeuroscience: 17 fractional works · 1.9% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 7 fractional works · 0.8% of its workCellular and Molecular Neuroscience: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSensory Systems: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNeurology: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 15 fractional works · 1.7% of its workImmunology: 7 fractional works · 0.8% of its workApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workMicrobiology: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 6 fractional works · 0.6% of its workPlant Science: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workFood Science: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSocial Sciences: 68 fractional works · 8.0% of its workPsychology: 30 fractional works · 3.5% of its workClinical Psychology: 19 fractional works · 2.3% of its workSocial Psychology: 4 fractional works · 0.5% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 4 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workSocial Sciences: 19 fractional works · 2.3% of its workSociology and Political Science: 9 fractional works · 1.0% of its workHealth: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEducation: 2 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 8 fractional works · 0.9% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 6 fractional works · 0.7% of its workFinance: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 6 fractional works · 0.8% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workArts and Humanities: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workDecision Sciences: 1 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysical Sciences: 36 fractional works · 4.2% of its workEngineering: 12 fractional works · 1.4% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 9 fractional works · 1.1% of its workSmaller subfields together: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workComputer Science: 8 fractional works · 1.0% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 4 fractional works · 0.5% of its workInformation Systems: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEnvironmental Science: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workMaterials Science: 5 fractional works · 0.6% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 3 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workChemistry: 3 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workMathematics: 2 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 1 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workChemical Engineering: 0 fractional works · 0.0% of its workALL ITS WORKKing AbdulazizHospital849fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences11%Physical Sciences4%Health Sciences77%Social Sciences8%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this institution does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
    1. Medicine56666.7%
    2. Health Professions516.0%
    3. Dentistry273.2%
    4. Nursing70.9%
    5. Veterinary10.2%
    1. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology536.3%
    2. Neuroscience171.9%
    3. Immunology and Microbiology151.7%
    4. Agricultural and Biological Sciences60.6%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics30.4%
    1. Psychology303.5%
    2. Social Sciences192.3%
    3. Economics, Econometrics and Finance80.9%
    4. Business, Management and Accounting60.8%
    5. Arts and Humanities30.4%
    6. Decision Sciences10.2%
    1. Engineering121.4%
    2. Computer Science81.0%
    3. Environmental Science50.6%
    4. Materials Science50.6%
    5. Chemistry30.3%
    6. Mathematics20.2%
    7. Physics and Astronomy10.1%
    8. Earth and Planetary Sciences00.0%
    9. Chemical Engineering00.0%
    10. Energy00.0%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What does King Abdulaziz Hospital specialise in?

Where its research is concentrated relative to its size: Dentistry takes 6.5× the share of its output that it takes of world research.

  1. DentistryField · 26.9 works6.5×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient, a volume reading rather than an impact one. It surfaces small, lopsided specialities.

Field profile

Location quotient across every field it publishes in: outside the ring is more than an institution of this size would be expected to publish, inside it is less.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.14× its world share, 6 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 1.17× its world share, 53 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 1.72× its world share, 15 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 1.20× its world share, 16 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 1.13× its world share, 3 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.08× its world share, 0 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 0.20× its world share, 3 worksChemistryComputer Science: 0.12× its world share, 8 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.03× its world share, 0 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 0.01× its world share, 0 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.09× its world share, 12 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.12× its world share, 5 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 0.16× its world share, 5 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 0.18× its world share, 2 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.05× its world share, 1 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 6.54× its world share, 27 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 2.29× its world share, 51 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 3.47× its world share, 566 worksMedicineNursing: 1.75× its world share, 7 worksNursingVeterinary: 1.11× its world share, 1 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 0.13× its world share, 3 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.23× its world share, 6 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 0.17× its world share, 1 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 0.42× its world share, 8 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.15× its world share, 30 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.18× its world share, 19 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Dentistry, 6.5×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Dentistry6.54×27 works
  2. Medicine3.47×566 works
  3. Health Professions2.29×51 works
  4. Nursing1.75×7 works
  5. Immunology and Microbiology1.72×15 works
  6. Neuroscience1.20×16 works
  7. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology1.17×53 works
  8. Psychology1.15×30 works
  9. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics1.13×3 works
  10. Veterinary1.11×1 works
  11. Economics, Econometrics and Finance0.42×8 works
  12. Business, Management and Accounting0.23×6 works
  13. Chemistry0.20×3 works
  14. Mathematics0.18×2 works
  15. Social Sciences0.18×19 works
  16. Decision Sciences0.17×1 works
  17. Materials Science0.16×5 works
  18. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.14×6 works
  19. Arts and Humanities0.13×3 works
  20. Computer Science0.12×8 works
  21. Environmental Science0.12×5 works
  22. Engineering0.09×12 works
  23. Chemical Engineering0.08×0 works
  24. Physics and Astronomy0.05×1 works
  25. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.03×0 works
  26. Energy0.01×0 works

Who are the top researchers at King Abdulaziz Hospital?

Ranked on the quality score, Abdulsalam M. Al‐Aithan, Ibrahim Mohammed Dighriri and Ammar Ashraf lead among researchers whose main affiliation is King Abdulaziz Hospital.

  1. 1 Abdulsalam M. Al‐Aithan Saudi Arabia · #1,146,122 worldwide 2.1k citations · 24 works
  2. 2 Ibrahim Mohammed Dighriri Saudi Arabia · #2,870,498 worldwide 820 citations · 48 works
  3. 3 Ammar Ashraf Saudi Arabia · #3,761,145 worldwide 143 citations · 285 works
  4. 4 Seraj Abualnaja Saudi Arabia · #4,555,706 worldwide 138 citations · 26 works
  5. 5 Javed I. Memon Saudi Arabia · #4,673,446 worldwide 474 citations · 19 works
  6. 6 Jibril Y. Hudise Saudi Arabia · #5,627,180 worldwide 107 citations · 16 works
  7. 7 Maryam Ali Al-Aamri Saudi Arabia · #6,014,924 worldwide 98 citations · 16 works
  8. 8 Ayman F. Soliman Saudi Arabia · #6,091,145 worldwide 28 citations · 15 works
  9. 9 Hamad Abdulaziz AlSubaie Saudi Arabia · #6,117,143 worldwide 25 citations · 16 works
  10. 10 Wael Gawad Saudi Arabia · #6,152,532 worldwide 37 citations · 16 works
All ranked researchers at King Abdulaziz Hospital

What are the most cited papers from King Abdulaziz Hospital?

The most cited paper from King Abdulaziz Hospital is "Corticosteroid Therapy for Critically Ill Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome" (Yaseen M. Arabi et al., 2017), with 1,208 citations. Next come "A Single-Gene Cause in 29.5% of Cases of Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome" (669) and "International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer" (596).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Corticosteroid Therapy for Critically Ill Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Yaseen M. Arabi et al. · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 21 Nov 2017 1,208
2 A Single-Gene Cause in 29.5% of Cases of Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Carolin E. Sadowski et al. · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology Open access 28 Oct 2014 669
3 International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer Dominique Farge et al. · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Open access 11 Dec 2012 596
4 Clinical Course and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Yaseen M. Arabi, Ahmed A. Arifi, Hanan H. Balkhy et al. · Annals of Internal Medicine 28 Jan 2014 593
5 Effects of increased paternal age on sperm quality, reproductive outcome and associated epigenetic risks to offspring Rakesh Kumar Sharma, Ashok Kumar Agarwal, Vikram K Rohra et al. · Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology Open access 17 Apr 2015 467
All 60 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Which keywords describe research at King Abdulaziz Hospital?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Epidemiology, Quality of Life, Treatment, Inflammation, Diagnosis, Management, Complications and Risk Factors.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this institution's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology127▲ 3.8×118 topics
  2. Inflammation48▲ 2.6×73 topics
  3. Quality of Life46▲ 3.7×48 topics
  4. Treatment39▲ 3.8×46 topics
  5. Diagnosis34▲ 4.3×40 topics
  6. Cardiovascular Disease30▲ 3.1×32 topics
  7. Risk Factors30▲ 3.2×29 topics
  8. Management28▲ 4.1×31 topics
  9. COVID-1924▲ 2.2×23 topics
  10. Complications24▲ 5.6×17 topics
  11. Metabolic Syndrome22▲ 3.2×22 topics
  12. Pathogenesis22▲ 5.1×23 topics
  13. Global Burden21▲ 4.6×12 topics
  14. Depression19▲ 2.6×18 topics
  15. Obesity19▲ 2.9×20 topics
  16. Prevention17▲ 4.9×14 topics
  17. Clinical Practice Guidelines17▲ 3.6×14 topics
  18. Surgical Management17▲ 4.8×20 topics
  19. Genetics17▲ 2.8×18 topics
  20. Mortality16▲ 3.4×12 topics
  21. Chemotherapy16▲ 2.7×24 topics
  22. Guidelines16▲ 4.0×12 topics
  23. Diabetes16▲ 3.6×16 topics
  24. Immune Response15▲ 3.1×18 topics
  25. Prognostic Factors14▲ 3.8×14 topics
  26. Primary Care13▲ 4.1×12 topics
  27. Antibiotic Resistance13▲ 3.8×14 topics
  28. Insulin Resistance13▲ 3.3×10 topics
  29. Critical Care12▲ 6.0×8 topics
  30. Rehabilitation12▲ 3.6×13 topics
  31. Heart Failure12▲ 3.2×13 topics
  32. Elderly12▲ 5.9×5 topics
  33. Genetic Mutations12▲ 3.3×22 topics
  34. Cardiovascular Risk12▲ 4.5×9 topics
  35. Patient Satisfaction12▲ 4.5×10 topics
  36. Pathophysiology11▲ 4.6×10 topics
  37. Quality Improvement11▲ 6.9×8 topics
  38. Type 2 Diabetes11▲ 5.7×6 topics
  39. Autoantibodies10▲ 5.2×8 topics
  40. Glycemic Control10▲ 7.4×4 topics

Which research topics does King Abdulaziz Hospital publish most on?

By volume in 2022-now: Health and Well-being Studies, Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes, Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders and COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies.

Health and Well-being St…5Health and Well-being Studies: 5 fractional worksPharmaceutical Practices…5Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes: 5 fractional worksHemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders: 4 fractional worksCOVID-19 Clinical Research Studies: 4 fractional worksNasal Surgery and Airway Studies: 4 fractional worksCOVID-19 and Mental Health: 4 fractional worksTracheal and airway disorders: 4 fractional worksDental Research and COVI…4Dental Research and COVID-19: 4 fractional worksGastrointestinal disorders and treatments: 4 fractional worksSepsis Diagnosis and Treatment: 4 fractional works
Clinical PsychologyGeriatrics and GerontologyGeneticsInfectious Diseases4 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Health and Well-being Studies Clinical Psychology 5 works
  2. 2 Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes Geriatrics and Gerontology 5 works
  3. 3 Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders Genetics 4 works
  4. 4 COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies Infectious Diseases 4 works
  5. 5 Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies Surgery 4 works
  6. 6 COVID-19 and Mental Health Clinical Psychology 4 works
  7. 7 Tracheal and airway disorders Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine 4 works
  8. 8 Dental Research and COVID-19 General Dentistry 4 works
  9. 9 Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments Surgery 4 works
  10. 10 Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment Epidemiology 4 works

How open and international is its research?

Against the world's own shares: the tick on each track. Both are shares of its output, so they sit on one scale and can be read against each other as well as against the world.

openly available73.4%not open26.6%

World: 40% of research is openly available.

with international co-authors24.0%domestic only76.0%

World: 18% is written across borders.

How has King Abdulaziz Hospital's research output changed?

Output in 2022-2025 was 142% higher than in 2018-2021.

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is King Abdulaziz Hospital as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.0035% in 2024.

still counting0.0020%0.0040%King Abdulaziz Hospital0.0036% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of King Abdulaziz Hospital over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting5%10%15%all institutions10.0% in 2025King Abdulaziz Hospital5.1% in 202520102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 9.6% in 2006.

Other research institutions in Makkah al Mukarramah

All research institutions in Makkah al Mukarramah

Share King Abdulaziz Hospital's ranking

King Abdulaziz Hospital on Science Explorer

A card with King Abdulaziz Hospital's standing and the fields it leads in, for a post or a slide. A link to this page previews as the same card.

Download the card

1200 × 630 PNG, sized for social posts, drawn from the latest snapshot.

Badges for a website1Each links back here and updates with every snapshot

Research measures only: rankings here say nothing about teaching, admissions or student experience. Comparable institutions and collaboration partners have tabs of their own, above.

Discussion

Ask a question or share a note about King Abdulaziz Hospital. Keep it to the research: no personal attacks, advertising or links. Any reader can report a post, which collapses it for everyone until it is opened.