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City · Saudi Arabia

Research in Mecca

Science Explorer records 5 research institutions in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The highest-ranked on research quality in 2022-now are Umm al-Qura University, King Abdullah Medical City and King Abdulaziz Hospital.

Research institutions
5
4 of them ranked worldwide
Research works
14k
▲ 112% vs 2018-21
Citations
158k
11.2 per fractional work, all time
Top-10% rate, 2022-now
20.0%
all institutions 10.0%
Active span
1970-2026
57 years on the record
Mecca

A city carries no overall standing here. The quality score is built for institutions and countries, the units its floors and field normalisation were designed around. An empty rank on this page is a statement about the measure, not about the place.

Which research institutions are in Mecca?

#InstitutionWorksAgainst the largest hereWorld rank
1Umm al-Qura UniversityUniversity 11,114 #3,196
2King Abdulaziz HospitalHospital / health system 1,716 #11,713
3King Abdullah Medical CityHospital / health system 920 #11,606
4Hera General HospitalHospital / health system 253 #19,724
5Prince Mohammad Bin Salman College of Business and EntrepreneurshipUniversity 84 not ranked

By fractional works over the whole record; world rank on research quality in 2022-now. Bars are scaled to the largest institution in this city, not to anything off the page.

How concentrated the city is

The same institutions as shares of everything the list accounts for. A city that is one university and a city that is twelve read alike as a table and not at all alike here.

Umm al-Qura University: 78.9%King Abdulaziz Hospital: 12.2%King Abdullah Medical City: 6.5%Hera General Hospital: 1.8%1 other listed: 0.6%79%largest
Umm al-Qura University11k · 78.9%King Abdulaziz Hospital1,716 · 12.2%King Abdullah Medical City920 · 6.5%Hera General Hospital253 · 1.8%1 other listed84 · 0.6%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which fields of science does Mecca work in?

In 2022-now, 37% of research in Mecca is in Health Sciences, 36% in Physical Sciences. Its largest fields are Medicine (30%), Engineering (11%), Computer Science (8%). It does 1.6× the world's share of Health Sciences.

Health Sciences: 2,794 fractional works · 36.9% of its workMedicine: 2,298 fractional works · 30.4% of its workSurgery: 269 fractional works · 3.6% of its workPublic Health, Environmental and Occupational Health: 193 fractional works · 2.6% of its workEpidemiology: 176 fractional works · 2.3% of its workPulmonary and Respiratory Medicine: 134 fractional works · 1.8% of its workPhysiology: 97 fractional works · 1.3% of its workOncology: 95 fractional works · 1.3% of its workEndocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism: 94 fractional works · 1.2% of its workRadiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging: 93 fractional works · 1.2% of its workInfectious Diseases: 93 fractional works · 1.2% of its workCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine: 92 fractional works · 1.2% of its workPharmacology: 67 fractional works · 0.9% of its workPathology and Forensic Medicine: 65 fractional works · 0.9% of its workPediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health: 64 fractional works · 0.9% of its workPsychiatry and Mental health: 64 fractional works · 0.8% of its workRheumatology: 63 fractional works · 0.8% of its workNeurology: 57 fractional works · 0.8% of its workDermatology: 43 fractional works · 0.6% of its workEmergency Medicine: 38 fractional works · 0.5% of its workComplementary and alternative medicine: 38 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHematology: 36 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeriatrics and Gerontology: 35 fractional works · 0.5% of its workOphthalmology: 34 fractional works · 0.4% of its workObstetrics and Gynecology: 32 fractional works · 0.4% of its workGenetics: 31 fractional works · 0.4% of its workRehabilitation: 26 fractional works · 0.4% of its workBiochemistry: 26 fractional works · 0.3% of its workNephrology: 25 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOtorhinolaryngology: 23 fractional works · 0.3% of its workReproductive Medicine: 22 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGastroenterology: 22 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHepatology: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOrthopedics and Sports Medicine: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicine: 20 fractional works · 0.3% of its workUrology: 20 fractional works · 0.3% of its workHealth Informatics: 16 fractional works · 0.2% of its workAnesthesiology and Pain Medicine: 16 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 37 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth Professions: 267 fractional works · 3.5% of its workGeneral Health Professions: 118 fractional works · 1.6% of its workEmergency Medical Services: 38 fractional works · 0.5% of its workHealth Information Management: 23 fractional works · 0.3% of its workOccupational Therapy: 19 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSpeech and Hearing: 17 fractional works · 0.2% of its workRadiological and Ultrasound Technology: 16 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 36 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDentistry: 172 fractional works · 2.3% of its workOral Surgery: 65 fractional works · 0.9% of its workPeriodontics: 43 fractional works · 0.6% of its workOrthodontics: 37 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeneral Dentistry: 27 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNursing: 49 fractional works · 0.6% of its workNutrition and Dietetics: 40 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 9 fractional works · 0.1% of its workVeterinary: 8 fractional works · 0.1% of its workPhysical Sciences: 2,724 fractional works · 36.0% of its workEngineering: 844 fractional works · 11.2% of its workElectrical and Electronic Engineering: 189 fractional works · 2.5% of its workBiomedical Engineering: 159 fractional works · 2.1% of its workMechanical Engineering: 110 fractional works · 1.4% of its workCivil and Structural Engineering: 70 fractional works · 0.9% of its workMechanics of Materials: 62 fractional works · 0.8% of its workBuilding and Construction: 54 fractional works · 0.7% of its workComputational Mechanics: 45 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAerospace Engineering: 45 fractional works · 0.6% of its workControl and Systems Engineering: 28 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAutomotive Engineering: 22 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMedia Technology: 17 fractional works · 0.2% of its workOcean Engineering: 16 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 27 fractional works · 0.4% of its workComputer Science: 631 fractional works · 8.3% of its workArtificial Intelligence: 212 fractional works · 2.8% of its workInformation Systems: 125 fractional works · 1.7% of its workComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition: 89 fractional works · 1.2% of its workComputer Networks and Communications: 86 fractional works · 1.1% of its workComputational Theory and Mathematics: 48 fractional works · 0.6% of its workSignal Processing: 26 fractional works · 0.3% of its workComputer Science Applications: 20 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 24 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMaterials Science: 373 fractional works · 4.9% of its workMaterials Chemistry: 207 fractional works · 2.7% of its workPolymers and Plastics: 64 fractional works · 0.9% of its workElectronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials: 47 fractional works · 0.6% of its workBiomaterials: 32 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 22 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMathematics: 220 fractional works · 2.9% of its workModeling and Simulation: 49 fractional works · 0.7% of its workApplied Mathematics: 39 fractional works · 0.5% of its workGeometry and Topology: 34 fractional works · 0.5% of its workStatistics and Probability: 34 fractional works · 0.4% of its workNumerical Analysis: 23 fractional works · 0.3% of its workMathematical Physics: 20 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 22 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Science: 210 fractional works · 2.8% of its workWater Science and Technology: 45 fractional works · 0.6% of its workHealth, Toxicology and Mutagenesis: 30 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPollution: 26 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEnvironmental Engineering: 25 fractional works · 0.3% of its workGlobal and Planetary Change: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workEcology: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineering: 19 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 23 fractional works · 0.3% of its workChemistry: 205 fractional works · 2.7% of its workOrganic Chemistry: 132 fractional works · 1.7% of its workAnalytical Chemistry: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workInorganic Chemistry: 18 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSpectroscopy: 16 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 17 fractional works · 0.2% of its workPhysics and Astronomy: 99 fractional works · 1.3% of its workStatistical and Nonlinear Physics: 32 fractional works · 0.4% of its workAtomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics: 27 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 40 fractional works · 0.5% of its workEnergy: 88 fractional works · 1.2% of its workRenewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment: 79 fractional works · 1.0% of its workSmaller subfields together: 10 fractional works · 0.1% of its workEarth and Planetary Sciences: 34 fractional works · 0.5% of its workChemical Engineering: 20 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSocial Sciences: 1,195 fractional works · 15.8% of its workSocial Sciences: 479 fractional works · 6.3% of its workSociology and Political Science: 173 fractional works · 2.3% of its workEducation: 128 fractional works · 1.7% of its workHealth: 29 fractional works · 0.4% of its workPolitical Science and International Relations: 26 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCommunication: 22 fractional works · 0.3% of its workTransportation: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 79 fractional works · 1.1% of its workPsychology: 248 fractional works · 3.3% of its workClinical Psychology: 111 fractional works · 1.5% of its workSocial Psychology: 46 fractional works · 0.6% of its workDevelopmental and Educational Psychology: 41 fractional works · 0.5% of its workExperimental and Cognitive Psychology: 40 fractional works · 0.5% of its workSmaller subfields together: 10 fractional works · 0.1% of its workBusiness, Management and Accounting: 186 fractional works · 2.5% of its workAccounting: 62 fractional works · 0.8% of its workStrategy and Management: 33 fractional works · 0.4% of its workOrganizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: 30 fractional works · 0.4% of its workManagement Information Systems: 24 fractional works · 0.3% of its workManagement of Technology and Innovation: 19 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 18 fractional works · 0.2% of its workArts and Humanities: 119 fractional works · 1.6% of its workLanguage and Linguistics: 34 fractional works · 0.4% of its workArcheology: 30 fractional works · 0.4% of its workLiterature and Literary Theory: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 35 fractional works · 0.5% of its workDecision Sciences: 86 fractional works · 1.1% of its workManagement Science and Operations Research: 50 fractional works · 0.7% of its workInformation Systems and Management: 19 fractional works · 0.3% of its workStatistics, Probability and Uncertainty: 16 fractional works · 0.2% of its workEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 76 fractional works · 1.0% of its workEconomics and Econometrics: 55 fractional works · 0.7% of its workFinance: 16 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 5 fractional works · 0.1% of its workLife Sciences: 849 fractional works · 11.2% of its workBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 388 fractional works · 5.1% of its workMolecular Biology: 204 fractional works · 2.7% of its workGenetics: 68 fractional works · 0.9% of its workCancer Research: 36 fractional works · 0.5% of its workMolecular Medicine: 18 fractional works · 0.2% of its workCell Biology: 17 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 45 fractional works · 0.6% of its workAgricultural and Biological Sciences: 213 fractional works · 2.8% of its workPlant Science: 104 fractional works · 1.4% of its workFood Science: 54 fractional works · 0.7% of its workSmaller subfields together: 55 fractional works · 0.7% of its workNeuroscience: 107 fractional works · 1.4% of its workCognitive Neuroscience: 41 fractional works · 0.5% of its workNeurology: 21 fractional works · 0.3% of its workCellular and Molecular Neuroscience: 19 fractional works · 0.3% of its workSmaller subfields together: 25 fractional works · 0.3% of its workImmunology and Microbiology: 81 fractional works · 1.1% of its workImmunology: 40 fractional works · 0.5% of its workApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology: 18 fractional works · 0.2% of its workSmaller subfields together: 23 fractional works · 0.3% of its workPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 60 fractional works · 0.8% of its workPharmacology: 30 fractional works · 0.4% of its workSmaller subfields together: 30 fractional works · 0.4% of its workALL ITS WORKMecca7,562fractional works, 2022-now
Life Sciences11%Physical Sciences36%Health Sciences37%Social Sciences16%

Each ring splits the one inside it: the four domains of science, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive view zooms down to single topics and colours each by how much more of it this city does than the world.

Its 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Health Sciences2,79436.9%
    1. Medicine2,29830.4%
    2. Health Professions2673.5%
    3. Dentistry1722.3%
    4. Nursing490.6%
    5. Veterinary80.1%
    1. Engineering84411.2%
    2. Computer Science6318.3%
    3. Materials Science3734.9%
    4. Mathematics2202.9%
    5. Environmental Science2102.8%
    6. Chemistry2052.7%
    7. Physics and Astronomy991.3%
    8. Energy881.2%
    9. Earth and Planetary Sciences340.5%
    10. Chemical Engineering200.3%
  3. Social Sciences1,19515.8%
    1. Social Sciences4796.3%
    2. Psychology2483.3%
    3. Business, Management and Accounting1862.5%
    4. Arts and Humanities1191.6%
    5. Decision Sciences861.1%
    6. Economics, Econometrics and Finance761.0%
    1. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology3885.1%
    2. Agricultural and Biological Sciences2132.8%
    3. Neuroscience1071.4%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology811.1%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics600.8%
All of science, and how each field's share has moved since 1950: the Science domain explorer

What is Mecca strongest at in research?

Relative to its size, research in Mecca is most concentrated in General Dentistry, Dentistry and Oral Surgery (8.6× the world share in General Dentistry).

  1. General DentistrySubfield · 25.0 works8.6×
  2. DentistryField · 156.8 works4.8×
  3. Oral SurgerySubfield · 61.1 works4.7×
  4. Modeling and SimulationSubfield · 43.7 works4.7×
  5. OrthodonticsSubfield · 33.7 works4.5×
  6. Geriatrics and GerontologySubfield · 29.4 works4.1×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient against the world baseline. Inside a single field a city is a meaningful unit, which is why this is where a city is measured at all.

The whole field profile

All 26 fields at once: above the ring is more than a place this size would be expected to do. A specialist and a generalist produce the same ranked list and a completely different shape.

Agricultural and Biological Sciences: 0.61× its world share, 193 worksAgricultural and Bio…Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology: 0.95× its world share, 339 worksBiochemistry, Geneti…Immunology and Microbiology: 1.06× its world share, 72 worksImmunology and Micro…Neuroscience: 0.86× its world share, 94 worksNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics: 2.21× its world share, 52 worksPharmacology, Toxico…Chemical Engineering: 0.80× its world share, 19 worksChemical EngineeringChemistry: 1.81× its world share, 190 worksChemistryComputer Science: 1.08× its world share, 562 worksComputer ScienceEarth and Planetary Sciences: 0.28× its world share, 30 worksEarth and Planetary …Energy: 1.29× its world share, 79 worksEnergyEngineering: 0.75× its world share, 757 worksEngineeringEnvironmental Science: 0.56× its world share, 188 worksEnvironmental ScienceMaterials Science: 1.37× its world share, 320 worksMaterials ScienceMathematics: 2.51× its world share, 198 worksMathematicsPhysics and Astronomy: 0.56× its world share, 84 worksPhysics and AstronomyDentistry: 4.82× its world share, 157 worksDentistryHealth Professions: 1.34× its world share, 237 worksHealth ProfessionsMedicine: 1.57× its world share, 2,023 worksMedicineNursing: 1.33× its world share, 44 worksNursingVeterinary: 0.79× its world share, 7 worksVeterinaryArts and Humanities: 0.52× its world share, 100 worksArts and HumanitiesBusiness, Management and Accounting: 0.78× its world share, 168 worksBusiness, Management…Decision Sciences: 1.19× its world share, 77 worksDecision SciencesEconomics, Econometrics and Finance: 0.50× its world share, 71 worksEconomics, Econometr…Psychology: 1.08× its world share, 221 worksPsychologySocial Sciences: 0.50× its world share, 420 worksSocial Sciences1×world share
more than its size predictsabout as predictedless

Rings at 0.5×, 1× and 2×. Widest outward: Dentistry, 4.8×. Every wedge is a field page.

All 26 fields, with their numbers
  1. Dentistry4.82×157 works
  2. Mathematics2.51×198 works
  3. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics2.21×52 works
  4. Chemistry1.81×190 works
  5. Medicine1.57×2,023 works
  6. Materials Science1.37×320 works
  7. Health Professions1.34×237 works
  8. Nursing1.33×44 works
  9. Energy1.29×79 works
  10. Decision Sciences1.19×77 works
  11. Computer Science1.08×562 works
  12. Psychology1.08×221 works
  13. Immunology and Microbiology1.06×72 works
  14. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology0.95×339 works
  15. Neuroscience0.86×94 works
  16. Chemical Engineering0.80×19 works
  17. Veterinary0.79×7 works
  18. Business, Management and Accounting0.78×168 works
  19. Engineering0.75×757 works
  20. Agricultural and Biological Sciences0.61×193 works
  21. Environmental Science0.56×188 works
  22. Physics and Astronomy0.56×84 works
  23. Arts and Humanities0.52×100 works
  24. Economics, Econometrics and Finance0.50×71 works
  25. Social Sciences0.50×420 works
  26. Earth and Planetary Sciences0.28×30 works

Which keywords describe research in Mecca?

By fractional works in 2022-now, weighted toward what it does more of than the world: Epidemiology, Machine Learning, Quality of Life, Inflammation, Deep Learning, Heat Transfer, Oxidative Stress and Treatment.

▲ more of its work than of the world's◆ about the world's share▼ less than the world's

Size is fractional works in 2022-now in the topics tagged with each word; colour is the word's share of this city's work against its share of the world's. The 40 words are chosen for being large and distinctive. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology522▲ 1.73×130 topics
  2. Machine Learning317▲ 1.26×92 topics
  3. Deep Learning292◆ 1.12×81 topics
  4. Inflammation242▲ 1.50×83 topics
  5. Quality of Life224▲ 2.0×54 topics
  6. Oxidative Stress186▲ 1.49×62 topics
  7. COVID-19154▲ 1.57×29 topics
  8. Treatment153▲ 1.66×52 topics
  9. Nanomaterials136▲ 1.72×18 topics
  10. Nanoparticles132▲ 1.39×44 topics
  11. Risk Factors132▲ 1.58×36 topics
  12. Cardiovascular Disease128▲ 1.49×39 topics
  13. Cancer128▲ 1.26×59 topics
  14. Healthcare124▲ 1.44×25 topics
  15. Heat Transfer120▲ 3.2×20 topics
  16. Depression119▲ 1.80×23 topics
  17. Diagnosis119▲ 1.69×41 topics
  18. Antioxidant110▲ 2.1×51 topics
  19. Biomedical Applications108▲ 1.21×36 topics
  20. Nanocomposites104▲ 1.75×22 topics
  21. Metabolic Syndrome97▲ 1.59×23 topics
  22. Management96▲ 1.59×33 topics
  23. Global Burden94▲ 2.3×12 topics
  24. Obesity93▲ 1.60×26 topics
  25. Diabetes88▲ 2.3×22 topics
  26. Synthesis81▲ 2.9×32 topics
  27. Infectious Diseases74▲ 3.0×9 topics
  28. Elderly74▲ 4.0×6 topics
  29. Medicinal Chemistry73▲ 3.6×13 topics
  30. Anticancer Agents68▲ 6.0×12 topics
  31. Experimental Investigation64▲ 8.2×4 topics
  32. Smart Cities61▲ 3.1×7 topics
  33. Nonlinear Equations58▲ 6.0×6 topics
  34. Review56▲ 6.2×5 topics
  35. Heterocyclic Compounds42▲ 6.7×5 topics
  36. Nanofluids42▲ 6.7×2 topics
  37. Fractional Calculus41▲ 9.7×2 topics
  38. Viscosity41▲ 7.7×3 topics
  39. Convective Transport40▲ 12×1 topic
  40. Enhancement40▲ 12×1 topic

What research is done in Mecca?

Nanofluid Flow and Heat …37Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer: 37 fractional worksHealth and Well-being St…34Health and Well-being Studies: 34 fractional worksIslamic Finance and Banking Studies: 34 fractional worksFractional Differential …33Fractional Differential Equations Solutions: 33 fractional worksSocioeconomic Developmen…31Socioeconomic Development in MENA: 31 fractional worksSynthesis and biological activity: 29 fractional worksOrganizational and Employee Performance: 26 fractional worksDental Research and COVI…25Dental Research and COVID-19: 25 fractional worksCOVID-19 and Mental Health: 24 fractional worksPharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes: 23 fractional works
Biomedical EngineeringClinical PsychologyAccountingModeling and Simulation5 others

Area is fractional works; colour is the subfield each topic belongs to.

  1. 1 Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer Biomedical Engineering 37 works
  2. 2 Health and Well-being Studies Clinical Psychology 34 works
  3. 3 Islamic Finance and Banking Studies Accounting 34 works
  4. 4 Fractional Differential Equations Solutions Modeling and Simulation 33 works
  5. 5 Socioeconomic Development in MENA Sociology and Political Science 31 works
  6. 6 Synthesis and biological activity Organic Chemistry 29 works
  7. 7 Organizational and Employee Performance Artificial Intelligence 26 works
  8. 8 Dental Research and COVID-19 General Dentistry 25 works
  9. 9 COVID-19 and Mental Health Clinical Psychology 24 works
  10. 10 Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes Geriatrics and Gerontology 23 works

Research output over time

still counting1990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year, against all institutions in the same year.

still counting10%20%30%Mecca19.7% in 2025all institutions10.0% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's output, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for its field and year. Peak 21.3% in 2023.

Discussion

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