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Topic · Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Thyroid Disorders and Treatments

Thyroid Disorders and Treatments is a research topic within Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism. Science Explorer counts 46k research works in it since 1950. 9.9% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers explores various aspects of thyroid disease, including the regulation of thyroid hormones, the impact of thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy, cardiovascular risks associated with thyroid disorders, the role of iodine deficiency, and the relationship between thyroid function and neurodevelopment. It also covers topics such as autoimmune thyroid disease and the effects of thyroid hormones on different physiological systems.

  • Thyroid Hormone
  • Thyroid Dysfunction
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Thyroid Antibodies
  • Pregnancy
  • Cardiovascular Risk
  • Iodine Deficiency
  • Neurodevelopment
  • Autoimmune Thyroid Disease
Research works
46k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
4.6k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.9%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+10%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
32% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Thyroid Disorders and Treatments

This ranks research output and citation impact. It says nothing about the quality of diagnosis, treatment or care.

Which countries lead Thyroid Disorders and Treatments research?

By volume, China and the United States publish the most (1.5k and 1.1k works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 1.5k works
  2. 2 United States 1.1k works
  3. 3 India 585 works
  4. 4 Türkiye 319 works
  5. 5 Italy 305 works
  6. 6 Japan 234 works
  7. 7 United Kingdom 200 works
  8. 8 Germany 188 works
  9. 9 South Korea 173 works
  10. 10 Iran 170 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 31.9%United States: 22.4%India: 12.3%Türkiye: 6.7%6 others listed: 26.7%32%largest
China1,522 · 31.9%United States1,068 · 22.4%India585 · 12.3%Türkiye319 · 6.7%6 others listed1,271 · 26.7%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Thyroid Disorders and Treatments research?

By volume in 2022-now, Shanghai Jiao Tong University publishes the most Thyroid Disorders and Treatments research, followed by Sichuan University and Capital Medical University.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina 47 works
  2. 2 Sichuan UniversityChina 44 works
  3. 3 Capital Medical UniversityChina 43 works
  4. 4 Harvard UniversityUnited States 39 works
  5. 5 China Medical UniversityChina 37 works
  6. 6 All India Institute of Medical SciencesIndia 36 works
  7. 7 Nanjing Medical UniversityChina 33 works
  8. 8 Peking UniversityChina 32 works
  9. 9 Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 31 works
  10. 10 Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChina 31 works

Who are the leading researchers in Thyroid Disorders and Treatments?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Thyroid Disorders and Treatments include Freddie Bray, George Davey Smith and Walter Churchill Willett.

  1. 1 Freddie Bray France 550k citations
  2. 2 George Davey Smith United Kingdom 435k citations
  3. 3 Walter Churchill Willett United States 411k citations
  4. 4 Mark J. Daly United States 403k citations
  5. 5 Guido Kroemer France 386k citations
  6. 6 Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta Pakistan 371k citations
  7. 7 John J.V. McMurray United Kingdom 349k citations
  8. 8 Hermann Brenner Germany 343k citations
  9. 9 Cyrus Cooper United Kingdom 342k citations
  10. 10 Emelia J. Benjamin United States 341k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Thyroid Disorders and Treatments?

The most cited paper in Thyroid Disorders and Treatments is "2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer" (Bryan R. Haugen, Erik Karl Alexander, Keith Christopher Bible et al., 2015), with 16,719 citations. Next come "The Steroid and Thyroid Hormone Receptor Superfamily" (7,575) and "Revised American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer" (6,774).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Bryan R. Haugen, Erik Karl Alexander, Keith Christopher Bible et al. · Thyroid Open access 14 Oct 2015 16,719
2 The Steroid and Thyroid Hormone Receptor Superfamily Ronald M. Evans · Science Open access 13 May 1988 7,575
3 Revised American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer David S. Cooper, Gerard M. Doherty, Bryan R. Haugen et al. · Thyroid Open access 27 Oct 2009 6,774
4 Serum TSH, T 4 , and Thyroid Antibodies in the United States Population (1988 to 1994): National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) Joseph G. Hollowell, N Staehling, W. Dana Flanders et al. · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism Feb 2002 3,904
5 Increasing Incidence of Thyroid Cancer in the United States, 1973-2002 Louise Davies, H. Gilbert Welch · JAMA 9 May 2006 3,387
All 99 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Thyroid Disorders and Treatments research done?

The largest centres of Thyroid Disorders and Treatments research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Shanghai (China), Seoul (South Korea) and Istanbul (Türkiye). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Aalborg.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 205 works
  2. 2 ShanghaiChina 112 works
  3. 3 SeoulSouth Korea 93 works
  4. 4 IstanbulTürkiye 87 works
  5. 5 GuangzhouChina 81 works
  6. 6 ChengduChina 70 works
  7. 7 HangzhouChina 63 works
  8. 8 MoscowRussia 62 works
  9. 9 TehranIran 59 works
  10. 10 TokyoJapan 59 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. AalborgDK · 31.7 works7.5×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Thyroid Disorders and Treatments than the world average.

See Thyroid Disorders and Treatments on the map

Where is the best place to study Thyroid Disorders and Treatments?

Among universities, judged by research, China Medical University, Capital Medical University and Central South University score highest, combining excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 22.89%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →University of InsubriaCentral South Univer…China Medical Univer…Capital Medical Univ…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1China Medical UniversityChina 65.525.5%13.4×37 +0.1%
2Capital Medical UniversityChina 64.617.4%6.1×43 +98.1%
3Central South UniversityChina 64.427.3%2.1×27 +80.5%
4University of InsubriaItaly 62.642.7%12.1×8 +18.6%
5Harvard UniversityUnited States 62.423.1%1.9×39 -13.2%
6Sichuan UniversityChina 61.716.2%2.9×44 +25.8%
7Beijing University of Chinese MedicineChina 57.424.8%10.0×16 +611.4%
8Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChina 57.318.7%4.4×31 +19.1%
9Sun Yat-sen UniversityChina 55.616.4%2.3×31 +74.2%
10Peking UniversityChina 55.516.8%2.4×32 +56.6%

Universities only. The score blends excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Thyroid Disorders and Treatments, country by country

Is Thyroid Disorders and Treatments research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 10% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2025. The fastest-growing topics are Thyroid Disorders and Treatments.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Thyroid Disorders and Treatments as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.029% in 2024.

still counting0.050%0.10%0.15%Thyroid Disorders and Treatments0.031% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Thyroid Disorders and Treatments over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Thyroid Disorders and Treatments10.1% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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