Science Explorer Back to mapMap
Discussion
Topic · Biotechnology

Enzyme Production and Characterization

Enzyme Production and Characterization is a research topic within Biotechnology. Science Explorer counts 50k research works in it since 1950. 10.0% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on the molecular approaches, industrial applications, and biotechnological perspectives of microbial enzymes, particularly proteases, amylases, keratinases, and other thermostable enzymes. It also explores the potential of halophilic microorganisms for biotechnology and the use of extremophiles as a source for novel enzymes.

  • Microbial Enzymes
  • Biotechnological Applications
  • Industrial Production
  • Proteases
  • Amylases
  • Keratinases
  • Enzyme Production
  • Thermostable Enzymes
  • Halophilic Microorganisms
  • Glycoside Hydrolases
Research works
50k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
5k
per year above
Top-10% rate
10.0%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
+1%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
32% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Enzyme Production and Characterization

Which countries lead Enzyme Production and Characterization research?

By volume, China and India publish the most (1.3k and 775 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 1.3k works
  2. 2 India 775 works
  3. 3 Indonesia 633 works
  4. 4 United States 336 works
  5. 5 Brazil 314 works
  6. 6 Japan 190 works
  7. 7 Russia 148 works
  8. 8 Egypt 145 works
  9. 9 South Korea 136 works
  10. 10 Nigeria 125 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 32.4%India: 18.7%Indonesia: 15.3%United States: 8.1%6 others listed: 25.6%32%largest
China1,340 · 32.4%India775 · 18.7%Indonesia633 · 15.3%United States336 · 8.1%6 others listed1,058 · 25.6%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Enzyme Production and Characterization research?

By volume in 2022-now, Jiangnan University publishes the most Enzyme Production and Characterization research, followed by Russian Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Jiangnan UniversityChina 85 works
  2. 2 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 61 works
  3. 3 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 57 works
  4. 4 Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChina 54 works
  5. 5 Nanchang UniversityChina 48 works
  6. 6 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 37 works
  7. 7 National Research CentreEgypt 35 works
  8. 8 Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchIndia 27 works
  9. 9 Ocean University of ChinaChina 26 works
  10. 10 IPB UniversityIndonesia 25 works

Who are the leading researchers in Enzyme Production and Characterization?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Enzyme Production and Characterization include Peer Bork, Jun Wang and Róbert Langer.

  1. 1 Peer Bork Germany 396k citations
  2. 2 Jun Wang China 340k citations
  3. 3 Róbert Langer United States 303k citations
  4. 4 Richard A. Gibbs United States 292k citations
  5. 5 Chris Sander United States 276k citations
  6. 6 George M. Whitesides United States 267k citations
  7. 7 Didier Raoult France 232k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Enzyme Production and Characterization?

The most cited paper in Enzyme Production and Characterization is "Solvent content of protein crystals" (Brian W. Matthews, 1968), with 7,987 citations. Next come "The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013" (6,637) and "The Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes database (CAZy): an expert resource for Glycogenomics" (6,110).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Solvent content of protein crystals Brian W. Matthews · Journal of Molecular Biology Apr 1968 7,987
2 The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013 Vincent Lombard, Hemalatha Golaconda Ramulu, Élodie Drula et al. · Nucleic Acids Research Open access 21 Nov 2013 6,637
3 The Carbohydrate-Active EnZymes database (CAZy): an expert resource for Glycogenomics Brandi L. Cantarel, P. M. Coutinho, Corinne Rancurel et al. · Nucleic Acids Research Open access 6 Oct 2008 6,110
4 A MEDIUM FOR THE CULTIVATION OF LACTOBACILLI J. C. de Man, Morrison Rogosa, M. Elisabeth Sharpe · Journal of Applied Bacteriology Apr 1960 5,358
5 Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology Lee Rybeck Lynd, Paul J. Weimer, Willem Heber van Zyl et al. · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews ReviewOpen access Sep 2002 4,736
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Enzyme Production and Characterization research done?

The largest centres of Enzyme Production and Characterization research in 2022-now are Beijing (China), Wuxi (China), Nanjing (China) and Moscow (Russia). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Wuxi and Kongens Lyngby.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 BeijingChina 179 works
  2. 2 WuxiChina 128 works
  3. 3 NanjingChina 79 works
  4. 4 MoscowRussia 66 works
  5. 5 QingdaoChina 64 works
  6. 6 ShanghaiChina 61 works
  7. 7 JakartaIndonesia 59 works
  8. 8 SeoulSouth Korea 52 works
  9. 9 TokyoJapan 51 works
  10. 10 GuangzhouChina 50 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. WuxiCN · 128.0 works22×
  2. Kongens LyngbyDK · 23.8 works7.8×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Enzyme Production and Characterization than the world average.

See Enzyme Production and Characterization on the map

Where is the best place to study Enzyme Production and Characterization?

Among universities, judged by research, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu University and Technical University of Denmark score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%20%40%mean 21.46%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Jiangsu UniversityBeijing Technology a…Technical University…Jiangnan University
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1Jiangnan UniversityChina 75.220.5%27.0×85 +25.6%
2Jiangsu UniversityChina 72.534.0%5.0×21 +50.6%
3Technical University of DenmarkDenmark 68.524.4%8.7×24 +17.5%
4Beijing Technology and Business UniversityChina 67.325.8%18.3×20 +129.3%
5Nanchang UniversityChina 66.216.4%11.9×48 +32.5%
6Northeast Agricultural UniversityChina 59.327.4%13.9×19 +64.6%
7King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia 57.918.6%2.6×13 +35.4%
8China Agricultural UniversityChina 57.018.6%7.8×23 +29.5%
9Ocean University of ChinaChina 54.211.3%9.6×26 +30.8%
10Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyChina 52.617.6%21.1×21 +68.6%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Enzyme Production and Characterization, country by country

Is Enzyme Production and Characterization research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 1% higher than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2013. The fastest-growing topics are Enzyme Production and Characterization.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Enzyme Production and Characterization as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.027% in 2024.

still counting0.050%0.10%0.15%Enzyme Production and Characterization0.025% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Enzyme Production and Characterization over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Enzyme Production and Characterization10.3% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

Discussion

Ask a question or share a note about Enzyme Production and Characterization. Keep it to the research: no personal attacks, advertising or links. Any reader can report a post, which collapses it for everyone until it is opened.