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Topic · Organic Chemistry

Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Free Radicals and Antioxidants is a research topic within Organic Chemistry. Science Explorer counts 37k research works in it since 1950. 9.9% of them reached the world's top 10% most cited for their field and year.

This cluster of papers focuses on predicting the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds through theoretical methods, DFT calculations, and analysis of radical scavenging mechanisms. It explores the effects of solvents, reaction kinetics, and redox potentials in the context of oxidative stress and free radicals.

  • Antioxidant
  • Phenolic Compounds
  • Radical Scavenging
  • DFT Calculations
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Free Radicals
  • Hydrogen Atom Transfer
  • Solvent Effects
  • Reaction Kinetics
  • Redox Potentials
Research works
37k
fractional, since 1950
In the world top 10%
3.6k
per year above
Top-10% rate
9.9%
share of its works in the world top 10%
Growth, 2018-21 → 2022-25
-1%
the tick is no change
Largest producer
China
26% of the 10 largest, 2022-now
Free Radicals and Antioxidants

Which countries lead Free Radicals and Antioxidants research?

By volume, China and India publish the most (645 and 539 works in 2022-now).

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 China 645 works
  2. 2 India 539 works
  3. 3 Russia 306 works
  4. 4 United States 250 works
  5. 5 Türkiye 218 works
  6. 6 Poland 110 works
  7. 7 Iran 110 works
  8. 8 Japan 109 works
  9. 9 Brazil 103 works
  10. 10 Saudi Arabia 103 works

How concentrated that is

The same countries as shares of everything the list above accounts for. A node where two countries do two thirds of the work and one spread evenly across twelve read alike as a ranking and not at all alike here.

China: 25.9%India: 21.6%Russia: 12.3%United States: 10.0%6 others listed: 30.2%26%largest
China645 · 25.9%India539 · 21.6%Russia306 · 12.3%United States250 · 10.0%6 others listed753 · 30.2%

Shares of the rows listed above, not of the whole node.

Which institutions lead Free Radicals and Antioxidants research?

By volume in 2022-now, Russian Academy of Sciences publishes the most Free Radicals and Antioxidants research, followed by Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

By volume, 2022-now

  1. 1 Russian Academy of SciencesRussia 132 works
  2. 2 Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFrance 39 works
  3. 3 Chinese Academy of SciencesChina 24 works
  4. 4 King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia 23 works
  5. 5 Islamic Azad University, TehranIran 19 works
  6. 6 Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussia 16 works
  7. 7 University of BelgradeSerbia 15 works
  8. 8 University of RajasthanIndia 14 works
  9. 9 Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChina 14 works
  10. 10 Sichuan UniversityChina 12 works

Who are the leading researchers in Free Radicals and Antioxidants?

The most-cited researchers publishing on Free Radicals and Antioxidants include Michaël Grätzel, John P. Perdew and John J.V. McMurray.

  1. 1 Michaël Grätzel Switzerland 458k citations
  2. 2 John P. Perdew United States 436k citations
  3. 3 John J.V. McMurray United Kingdom 349k citations
  4. 4 Kieron Burke United States 276k citations
  5. 5 George M. Whitesides United States 267k citations
  6. 6 Wei Huang China 267k citations
  7. 7 Amirhossein Sahebkar Iran 258k citations

Ranked by citations received across their whole record, among researchers with at least three works on this topic.

What are the most cited papers in Free Radicals and Antioxidants?

The most cited paper in Free Radicals and Antioxidants is "Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay" (Roberta Re, Nicoletta Pellegrini, Anna R. Proteggente et al., 1999), with 26,207 citations. Next come "Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity" (25,846) and "Universal Solvation Model Based on Solute Electron Density and on a Continuum Model of the Solvent Defined by the Bulk Dielectric Constant and Atomic Surface Tensions" (18,056).

Most cited papers
#PaperReleasedCitations
1 Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay Roberta Re, Nicoletta Pellegrini, Anna R. Proteggente et al. · Free Radical Biology and Medicine May 1999 26,207
2 Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity Wendy Brand-Williams, Marie‐Elisabeth Cuvelier, Claudette Berset · LWT Open access 1995 25,846
3 Universal Solvation Model Based on Solute Electron Density and on a Continuum Model of the Solvent Defined by the Bulk Dielectric Constant and Atomic Surface Tensions Aleksandr V. Marenich, Christopher J. Cramer, Donald G. Truhlar · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B Open access 14 Apr 2009 18,056
4 Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease Marián Valko, Dieter Leibfritz, Ján Moncóľ et al. · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology 7 Aug 2006 14,300
5 Superoxide Dismutase Joe M. McCord, Irwin Fridovich · Journal of Biological Chemistry Open access Nov 1969 12,906
All 100 most cited papers, with filters and sorting

Where is Free Radicals and Antioxidants research done?

The largest centres of Free Radicals and Antioxidants research in 2022-now are Moscow (Russia), Beijing (China), Chennai (India) and Riyadh (Saudi Arabia). Among places with at least 20 works in it, it is an unusually large share of all research in Ufa.

Largest cities, 2022-now

  1. 1 MoscowRussia 99 works
  2. 2 BeijingChina 84 works
  3. 3 ChennaiIndia 50 works
  4. 4 RiyadhSaudi Arabia 37 works
  5. 5 IstanbulTürkiye 34 works
  6. 6 NanjingChina 31 works
  7. 7 TehranIran 29 works
  8. 8 ShanghaiChina 26 works
  9. 9 ParisFrance 26 works
  10. 10 ChengduChina 25 works

Where it is the local speciality

  1. UfaRU · 21.3 works14×
← less than its size predicts1×more →

Location quotient: how much more of its research is in Free Radicals and Antioxidants than the world average.

See Free Radicals and Antioxidants on the map

Where is the best place to study Free Radicals and Antioxidants?

Among universities, judged by research, King Saud University, Saveetha University and Atatürk University score highest, combining citation excellence, specialisation, size, growth and international reach. Research strength is one signal when choosing where to study; it does not measure teaching.

0%10%20%30%mean 16.14%fractional works in this field (log) →share of work in the world top 10% →Saveetha UniversityKing Saud UniversityAtatürk UniversityNortheast Forestry U…
above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per university in the first ten of the table below, at the default weights. The upper left is the interesting corner: small places doing unusually strong work.

Citation excellenceshare of its work in the world top 10%, 2022-now and all time averaged
40%
Specialisationhow much of its work is in this field, counted up to 10× the world share
10%
Sizeits output in this field, on a log scale
30%
Growthoutput growth, counted from -20% to +20%
10%
Internationalshare of its work with a co-author abroad
10%
Each slider sets a weight; the share it gets of the score is beside it.
#UniversityScoreTop 10%SpecialisationWorksGrowth
1King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia 85.421.1%6.7×23 +196.2%
2Saveetha UniversityIndia 59.624.6%3.5×12 -
3Atatürk UniversityTürkiye 58.919.8%6.7×8 +37.4%
4Northeast Forestry UniversityChina 51.617.8%9.4×10 +76.8%
5Vellore Institute of Technology UniversityIndia 51.220.1%3.4×12 +551.6%
6Sichuan UniversityChina 46.923.5%1.5×12 +36.4%
7University of BelgradeSerbia 40.26.1%6.3×15 -13.2%
8Nanchang UniversityChina 39.720.4%3.3×9 -3.5%
9Mansoura UniversityEgypt 36.04.4%6.5×10 +37.9%
10University of Da NangVietnam 36.03.6%33.6×10 +122.6%

Universities only. The score blends citation excellence (40%), size (30%), specialisation (10%), growth (10%), international reach (10%), 2022-now; growth compares 2018-21 with 2022-25 and counts up to +20%, since a jump from a small base is mostly noise.

Every institution in Free Radicals and Antioxidants, country by country

Is Free Radicals and Antioxidants research growing?

Output in 2022-2025 was 1% lower than in 2018-2021, peaking in 2022.

still counting19801990200020102020
grewheldshrank

The same series as a ribbon: one cell per year, darker for more. The line above answers how much; this answers when.

Its share of all research

Growing output can still be a shrinking share: all of science grows. This is Free Radicals and Antioxidants as a percentage of every work published that year, 0.018% in 2024.

still counting0.050%0.10%Free Radicals and Antioxidants0.015% in 202519801990200020102020

Fractional works of Free Radicals and Antioxidants over all fractional works that year. How the balance of science has shifted.

How much of it reaches the world top 10%

Year by year.

still counting5%10%15%Free Radicals and Antioxidants10.2% in 2025200020102020

Of each year's works in it, the share that reached the world's 10% most cited for their field and year. A field is the world for its own topics, so there is no other line to hold it against.

Which topics inside it are moving

Growth and decline on one axis around a shared zero. Two lists side by side hide the thing that matters: whether the growth dwarfs the decline, or the other way round.

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